Halogenation Regulates Supramolecular Chirality at Hierarchical Levels of Self-Assembled N-Terminal Aromatic Amino Acids

We report for the very first time self-assembly of Cysteine and Methionine to discrenible strucutres under neutral condition. To get insights into the structure formation, thioflavin T and Congo red binding assays were done which revealed that aggregates may not have amyloid like characteristics. The nature of interactions which lead to such self-assemblies was purported by coincubating assemblies in urea and mercaptoethanol. Further interaction of aggregates with short amyloidogenic dipeptide diphenylalanine (FF) was assessed. While cysteine aggregates completely disrupted FF fibres, methionine albeit triggered fibrillation. The cytotoxicity assays of cysteine and methionine structures were performed on Human Neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells which suggested that aggregates are not cytotoxic in nature and thus, may not have amyloid like etiology. The results presented in the manuscript are striking, since to the best of our knowledge,this is the first report which demonstrates that even non-aromatic amino acids (cysteine and methionine) can undergo spontaneous self-assembly to form ordered aggregates.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Auto-induction medium containing glyphosate for high-level incorporation of unusual aromatic amino acids into proteins.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.5915956.6185054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Sherry Mowbray ◽

Daniel Ericsson

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Induction Medium ◽

High Level

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Atypical amino acids inhibit histidine, valine, or lysine transport into rat brain

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1983.245.4.r556 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 245 (4) ◽

pp. R556-R563 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. K. Tews ◽

A. E. Harper

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Rat Brain ◽

Blood Brain Barrier ◽

Brain Slices ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Brain Barrier ◽

Basic Amino Acids ◽

Large Neutral Amino Acids ◽

Neutral Amino Acids ◽

Single Meal

Transport of histidine, valine, or lysine into rat brain slices and across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was determined in the presence of atypical nonprotein amino acids. Competitors of histidine and valine transport in slices were large neutral amino acids including norleucine, norvaline, alpha-aminooctanoate, beta-methylphenylalanine, and alpha-aminophenylacetate. Less effective were aromatic amino acids with ring substituents; ineffective were basic amino acids and omega-amino isomers of norleucine and aminooctanoate. Lysine transport was moderately depressed by homoarginine or ornithine plus arginine; large neutral amino acids were also similarly inhibitory. Histidine or valine transport across the BBB was also strongly inhibited by large neutral amino acids that were the most effective competitors in the slices (norvaline, norleucine, alpha-aminooctanoate, and alpha-aminophenylacetate); homoarginine and 8-aminooctanoate were ineffective. Homoarginine, ornithine, and arginine almost completely blocked lysine transport, but the large neutral amino acids were barely inhibitory. When rats were fed a single meal containing individual atypical large neutral amino acids or homoarginine, brain pools of certain large neutral amino acids or of arginine and lysine, respectively, were depleted.

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Yeast TKL1 gene encodes a transketolase that is required for efficient glycolysis and biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(20)80532-8 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 268 (32) ◽

pp. 24346-24352

Author(s):

M Sundström ◽

Y Lindqvist ◽

G Schneider ◽

U Hellman ◽

H Ronne

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids

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Association between alterations in plasma metabolome profiles and laminitis in intensively finished Holstein bulls in a randomized controlled study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92163-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sonja Christiane Bäßler ◽

Ákos Kenéz ◽

Theresa Scheu ◽

Christian Koch ◽

Ulrich Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

High Energy ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Inflammatory Phenotype ◽

Dietary Nutrient ◽

Holstein Bulls

AbstractMetabolic consequences of an energy and protein rich diet can compromise metabolic health of cattle by promoting a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Laminitis is a common clinical sign, but affected metabolic pathways, underlying pathophysiology and causative relationships of a systemic pro-inflammatory phenotype are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate changes in metabolome profiles of 20 months old Holstein bulls fed a high energy and protein diet and to identify novel metabolites and affected pathways, associated with diet-related laminitis. In a randomized controlled feeding trial using bulls fed a high energy and protein diet (HEP; metabolizable energy [ME] intake 169.0 ± 1.4 MJ/day; crude protein [CP] intake 2.3 ± 0.02 kg/day; calculated means ± SEM; n = 15) versus a low energy and protein diet (LEP; ME intake 92.9 ± 1.3 MJ/day; CP intake 1.0 ± 0.01 kg/day; n = 15), wide ranging effects of HEP diet on metabolism were demonstrated with a targeted metabolomics approach using the AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit (Biocrates Life Sciences). Multivariate statistics revealed that lower concentrations of phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins and higher concentrations of lyso-phosphatidylcholines, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids were associated with an inflammatory state of diet-related laminitis in Holstein bulls fed a HEP diet. The latter two metabolites share similarities with changes in metabolism of obese humans, indicating a conserved pathophysiological role. The observed alterations in the metabolome provide further explanation on the underlying metabolic consequences of excessive dietary nutrient intake.

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