Optimum Selection of H2S Scavenger in Light-Weight and Heavy-Weight Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Sportswear: Acumen of Raw Materials, Designing, Innovative and Sustainable Concepts

10.5772/intechopen.99808 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yamini Jhanji

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Raw Material ◽

Light Weight ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

Technical Textiles ◽

Optimum Selection ◽

Material Procurement ◽

Selection Of

Sportswear constitutes an integral part of technical textiles and encases great potential as far as technological and design innovations are concerned. The sports textiles have witnessed tremendous evolution and that too at a much faster pace compared to ready to wear segment. The sports clothing is no longer restricted to sportsperson involved in performance sports or strenuous physical activities. However, there has been a surge for sports apparels and accessories among health conscious, fitness freak and gym enthusiasts. Accordingly, the sportswear industry has witnessed revolutionary advancements in development of different sportswear categories like active wear, leisurewear and athleisure to fulfill the requirements of sportsperson as well as health conscious millennials. The basic and functional requirements of comfort, breathability, light weight, anti-static and anti-odor properties can be engineered into sportswear by optimum selection of fibers, yarns, fabrics and garments’ designing aspects. The chapter will provide an insight on the classification, requirements, design aspects, raw material procurement, innovative and sustainable concepts employed in sportswear to enhance the functionality and comfort characteristics of sportswear. Furthermore, the role of technology and fashion in sportswear transformation is also covered in the last sections of the chapter.

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Novel Starch Composite Fluid Loss Additives and Their Applications in Environmentally Friendly Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 2506-2513

Author(s):

Xinliang Li ◽

Guancheng Jiang ◽

Yinbo He ◽

Gang Chen

Keyword(s):

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Fluid Loss ◽

Drilling Fluids ◽

Water Based ◽

Novel Starch

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Utilization of Eco-Friendly Waste Generated Nanomaterials in Water-Based Drilling Fluids; State of the Art Review

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14154171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4171

Author(s):

Rabia Ikram ◽

Badrul Mohamed Jan ◽

Akhmal Sidek ◽

George Kenanakis

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Future Research ◽

Drilling Fluids ◽

Drill Cuttings ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Water Based ◽

Drilling Operations ◽

Filtration Properties

An important aspect of hydrocarbon drilling is the usage of drilling fluids, which remove drill cuttings and stabilize the wellbore to provide better filtration. To stabilize these properties, several additives are used in drilling fluids that provide satisfactory rheological and filtration properties. However, commonly used additives are environmentally hazardous; when drilling fluids are disposed after drilling operations, they are discarded with the drill cuttings and additives into water sources and causes unwanted pollution. Therefore, these additives should be substituted with additives that are environmental friendly and provide superior performance. In this regard, biodegradable additives are required for future research. This review investigates the role of various bio-wastes as potential additives to be used in water-based drilling fluids. Furthermore, utilization of these waste-derived nanomaterials is summarized for rheology and lubricity tests. Finally, sufficient rheological and filtration examinations were carried out on water-based drilling fluids to evaluate the effect of wastes as additives on the performance of drilling fluids.

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Application of Hybrid Silicate as a Film-Forming Agent in High-Temperature Water-Based Drilling Fluids

ACS Omega ◽

10.1021/acsomega.1c02725 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Li ◽

Maosen Wang ◽

Xianfeng Tan ◽

Yinghui An ◽

Huanan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Drilling Fluids ◽

High Temperature Water ◽

Film Forming ◽

Water Based ◽

Hybrid Silicate ◽

Temperature Water

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Optimum Selection of Variable Pitch for Chatter Suppression in Face Milling Operations

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12010112 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 112 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alex Iglesias ◽

Zoltan Dombovari ◽

German Gonzalez ◽

Jokin Munoa ◽

Gabor Stepan

Keyword(s):

Removal Rate ◽

Face Milling ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Variable Pitch ◽

Thin Walls ◽

Chatter Suppression ◽

Milling Operations ◽

Optimum Selection ◽

Cutting Capacity ◽

Selection Of

Cutting capacity can be seriously limited in heavy duty face milling processes due to self-excited structural vibrations. Special geometry tools and, specifically, variable pitch milling tools have been extensively used in aeronautic applications with the purpose of removing these detrimental chatter vibrations, where high frequency chatter related to slender tools or thin walls limits productivity. However, the application of this technique in heavy duty face milling operations has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, a method for the definition of the optimum angles between inserts is presented, based on the optimum pitch angle and the stabilizability diagrams. These diagrams are obtained through the brute force (BF) iterative method, which basically consists of an iterative maximization of the stability by using the semidiscretization method. From the observed results, hints for the selection of the optimum pitch pattern and the optimum values of the angles between inserts are presented. A practical application is implemented and the cutting performance when using an optimized variable pitch tool is assessed. It is concluded that with an optimum selection of the pitch, the material removal rate can be improved up to three times. Finally, the existence of two more different stability lobe families related to the saddle-node and flip type stability losses is demonstrated.

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Wet Drilled Cuttings Bed Rheology

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14061644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1644

Author(s):

Camilo Pedrosa ◽

Arild Saasen ◽

Bjørnar Lund ◽

Jan David Ytrehus

Keyword(s):

Drilling Fluid ◽

Drilling Fluids ◽

Parallel Plates ◽

Single Particles ◽

Cuttings Transport ◽

Transport Studies ◽

Water Based ◽

Fluid Properties ◽

External Forces ◽

Cuttings Bed

The cuttings transport efficiency of various drilling fluids has been studied in several approaches. This is an important aspect, since hole cleaning is often a bottleneck in well construction. The studies so far have targeted the drilling fluid cuttings’ transport capability through experiments, simulations or field data. Observed differences in the efficiency due to changes in the drilling fluid properties and compositions have been reported but not always fully understood. In this study, the cuttings bed, wetted with a single drilling fluid, was evaluated. The experiments were performed with parallel plates in an Anton Paar Physica 301 rheometer. The results showed systematic differences in the internal friction behaviors between tests of beds with oil-based and beds with water-based fluids. The observations indicated that cutting beds wetted with a polymeric water-based fluid released clusters of particles when external forces overcame the bonding forces and the beds started to break up. Similarly, it was observed that an oil-based fluid wetted bed allowed particles to break free as single particles. These findings may explain the observed differences in previous cutting transport studies.

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