Light color change gives new insight into structure of matter

1928 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1614
Author(s):  
Science Service
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Structure Of Matter ◽  
Insight Into

A blueberry MIR156a–SPL12 module coordinates the accumulation of chlorophylls and anthocyanins during fruit ripening

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (19) ◽  
pp. 5976-5989
Author(s):  
Xuyan Li ◽  
Yanming Hou ◽  
Xin Xie ◽  
Hongxue Li ◽  
Xiaodong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Chlorophyll Degradation ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Chlorophyll Accumulation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Fruit Stage

Abstract Color change is an important event during fruit maturation in blueberry, usually depending on chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin accumulation. MicroRNA156 (miR156)–SPL modules are an important group of regulatory hubs involved in the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, little is known regarding their roles in blueberry or in chlorophyll metabolism during color change. In this study, a MIR156 gene (VcMIR156a) was experimentally identified in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Overexpression of VcMIR156a in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) enhanced anthocyanin biosynthesis and chlorophyll degradation in the stem by altering pigment-associated gene expression. Further investigation indicated that the VcSPL12 transcript could be targeted by miR156, and showed the reverse accumulation patterns during blueberry fruit development and maturation. Noticeably, VcSPL12 was highly expressed at green fruit stages, while VcMIR156a transcripts mainly accumulated at the white fruit stage when expression of VcSPL12 was dramatically decreased, implying that VcMIR156a–VcSPL12 is a key regulatory hub during fruit coloration. Moreover, VcSPL12 decreased the expression of several anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes, and a yeast two-hybrid assay indicated that VcSPL12 interacted with VcMYBPA1. Intriguingly, expression of VcSPL12 significantly enhanced chlorophyll accumulation and altered the expression of several chlorophyll-associated genes. Additionally, the chloroplast ultrastructure was altered by the expression of VcMIR156a and VcSPL12. These findings provide a novel insight into the functional roles of miR156–SPLs in plants, especially in blueberry fruit coloration.

scholarly journals Fruit ripening: dynamics and integrated analysis of carotenoids and anthocyanins

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leepica Kapoor ◽  
Andrew J. Simkin ◽  
C. George Priya Doss ◽  
Ramamoorthy Siva
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Great Utility ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Fruits are vital food resources as they are loaded with bioactive compounds varying with different stages of ripening. As the fruit ripens, a dynamic color change is observed from green to yellow to red due to the biosynthesis of pigments like chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. Apart from making the fruit attractive and being a visual indicator of the ripening status, pigments add value to a ripened fruit by making them a source of nutraceuticals and industrial products. As the fruit matures, it undergoes biochemical changes which alter the pigment composition of fruits. Results The synthesis, degradation and retention pathways of fruit pigments are mediated by hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors. Manipulation of the underlying regulatory mechanisms during fruit ripening suggests ways to enhance the desired pigments in fruits by biotechnological interventions. Here we report, in-depth insight into the dynamics of a pigment change in ripening and the regulatory mechanisms in action. Conclusions This review emphasizes the role of pigments as an asset to a ripened fruit as they augment the nutritive value, antioxidant levels and the net carbon gain of fruits; pigments are a source for fruit biofortification have tremendous industrial value along with being a tool to predict the harvest. This report will be of great utility to the harvesters, traders, consumers, and natural product divisions to extract the leading nutraceutical and industrial potential of preferred pigments biosynthesized at different fruit ripening stages.

Insight into color change of reversible thermochromic systems and their incorporation into textile coating

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 49724
Author(s):  
Martina Štaffová ◽  
František Kučera ◽  
Jiří Tocháček ◽  
Petr Dzik ◽  
František Ondreáš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Textile Coating

scholarly journals Multi-band optical light-curve behavior of core-collapse supernovae

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (S296) ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Brijesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Core Collapse ◽  
Study Behavior ◽  
Optical Light Curve ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Optical Telescopes ◽  
Observational Science ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWe present survey results obtained from the UBVRI optical photometric follow-up of 19 bright core-collapse SNe during 2002-2012 using 1-m class optical telescopes operated by the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Science (acronym ARIES), Nainital India. This homogeneous set of data have been used to study behavior of optical light/color curve, and to gain insight into objet-to-object peculiarity. We derive integrated luminosities for types IIP, Ibc and luminous SNe. Two peculiar type IIP events having photometric properties similar to normal IIP and spectroscopic properties similar to sub-lumnious IIP have been identified.

Effect of periodic light color change on the molting frequency and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei

Aquaculture ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 362-363 ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Guo ◽  
Yingchun Mu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Shuanglin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Light Color

Effects of light color change on carbohydrate-related enzymes in Litopenaeus vannamei

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-391
Author(s):  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Biao Guo ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Lei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Light Color

Calibration problems in hydrogen luminosities

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 322-330
Author(s):  
A. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Structure ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Insight Into

The investigations which I should like to summarize in this paper concern recent photo-electric luminosity determinations of O and B stars. Their final aim has been the derivation of new stellar distances, and some insight into certain patterns of galactic structure.

Stochasting modeling of planetary ring systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Ring System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Ultimate State ◽  
Interparticle Interactions ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Planetary Ring ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTThis paper models maximum entropy configurations of idealized gravitational ring systems. Such configurations are of interest because systems generally evolve toward an ultimate state of maximum randomness. For simplicity, attention is confined to ultimate states for which interparticle interactions are no longer of first order importance. The planets, in their orbits about the sun, are one example of such a ring system. The extent to which the present approximation yields insight into ring systems such as Saturn's is explored briefly.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Structure and function of neural networks in the retina

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Peter Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Visual Axis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Cat Retina ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
And Function ◽  
Insight Into

The synaptic connections in cat retina that link photoreceptors to ganglion cells have been analyzed quantitatively. Our approach has been to prepare serial, ultrathin sections and photograph en montage at low magnification (˜2000X) in the electron microscope. Six series, 100-300 sections long, have been prepared over the last decade. They derive from different cats but always from the same region of retina, about one degree from the center of the visual axis. The material has been analyzed by reconstructing adjacent neurons in each array and then identifying systematically the synaptic connections between arrays. Most reconstructions were done manually by tracing the outlines of processes in successive sections onto acetate sheets aligned on a cartoonist's jig. The tracings were then digitized, stacked by computer, and printed with the hidden lines removed. The results have provided rather than the usual one-dimensional account of pathways, a three-dimensional account of circuits. From this has emerged insight into the functional architecture.

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