Improvement of the Waste-Oil Vacuum-Distillation Recycling by Continuous Extraction with Dense Propane

As petroleum products continue to be an inseparable part of our lives, so does the waste that is generated from these products, the prominent among them being the used lubricating oil. However, research shows that more than half of the used lube oil can be converted back to usable lubricant through the process of re–refining. This can certainly reduce the amount of waste oil in the environment and the need of crude oil extraction to a certain extent. As there are various different methods of re–refining, this work focused specifically on the method used widely in India, i.e., Vacuum distillation with Clay treatment. In this paper, the sustainability of the re–refining process was checked using the green chemistry principles and overall material balance of the process. Based on the assumptions made for the material balance, nearly 69.92% of lube oil base stock was obtained along with 11.13% fuel by - product and 12.14% residue, both of which have varied uses in the industry, thus producing additional profit.

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The purification of lithium by vacuum distillation

Journal of Biochemical Toxicology ◽

10.1002/jbt.2570130801 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 329-334

Author(s):

A. G. Ward ◽

G. H. Broomfield

Keyword(s):

Vacuum Distillation

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VACUUM DISTILLATION

A-to-Z Guide to Thermodynamics Heat and Mass Transfer and Fluids Engineering ◽

10.1615/atoz.v.vacdis ◽

2006 ◽

Vol v ◽

Keyword(s):

Vacuum Distillation

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Valuation of Waste Oil Palm Biomass for Energy in Palm Oil Mill in Indonesia

International Journal of Oil Palm ◽

10.35876/ijop.v2i1.26 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 24-32

Author(s):

Armansyah Halomoan Tambunan ◽

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Waste Oil ◽

Oil Palm Biomass ◽

Palm Oil Mill ◽

Biomass For Energy

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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION: LEARNING THE CYCLE OF LIFE BY CONNECTING SEA AND SOIL OF AMAGASAKI

Proceedings of International Conference "Managinag risks to coastal regions and communities in a changinag world" (EMECS'11 - SeaCoasts XXVI) ◽

10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43161d851e ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sadao Nakaoka ◽

Yasunori Kozuki ◽

University Tokushima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School Students ◽

Junior High School ◽

Junior High ◽

Junior High School Students ◽

Environmental Study ◽

Waste Oil ◽

School Students ◽

Food Education ◽

Nutrient Salt ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

In order to remove the excessive nutrient salt at Port of Amagasaki, we have established the method to utilize the cycle of life: by cultivating seaweed at the port, removing shellfish from the upright sea walls, and turning them into compost. In cooperation with the local junior high school students, local citizens, experts, and administration, the junior high schools of Amagasaki provided the environmental study through this activity, based on the theme of “Cycle of Life”. In this report, we describe about the effects of this study. 1) Before the study, a survey showed that most of the students had bad impression toward Amagasaki Sea, such as “dirty” and “smelly”. However, after the study, the impression turned into better impression such as “fun” and “more familiar”. 2) In the Technology class, the students successfully cultivated more than 50 kinds of vegetation. As the students cooked and ate the vegetables and fruits they grew, the study also developed into “Food Education”-learning the connection between their health, environment, and food. 3) The students cooked using the oil extracted from the seeds of rape blossoms cultivated with their compost. Then they watched waste oil being refined and turned into bio diesel fuel, which activated car engine. Through such experiences, many students realized the cycle of life as “the life continues in different forms”, and the respect for life as well as developing their awareness to improve the natural environment.

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Simple high vacuum distillation equipment for deodorizing fish oil for human consumption

Lipids ◽

10.1007/bf02544333 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 170-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

E. Dinamarca ◽

F. Garrido ◽

A. Valenzuela

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Vacuum Distillation ◽

High Vacuum ◽

Human Consumption ◽

High Vacuum Distillation ◽

Distillation Equipment

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Essential Oils of Four Virginia Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum) Varieties Grown in North Alabama

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071397 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1397

Author(s):

William N. Setzer ◽

Lam Duong ◽

Trang Pham ◽

Ambika Poudel ◽

Cuong Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

University Research ◽

Oil Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Continuous Extraction ◽

Chromatographic Techniques ◽

Relative Differences ◽

Essential Oil Yield ◽

Very High

Virginia mountain mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum) is a peppermint-flavored aromatic herb of the Lamiaceae and is mainly used for culinary, medicinal, aromatic, and ornamental purposes. North Alabama’s climate is conducive to growing mint for essential oils used in culinary, confectionery, and medicinal purposes. There is, however, a need for varieties of P. virginianum that can be adapted and easily grown for production in North Alabama. Towards this end, four field-grown varieties with three harvesting times (M1H1, M1H2, M1H3; M2H1, M2H2, M2H3; M3H1, M3H2, M3H3, M4H1, M4H2, M4H3) were evaluated for relative differences in essential oil yield and composition. Thirty-day-old greenhouse-grown plants of the four varieties were transplanted on raised beds in the field at the Alabama A & M University Research Station in North Alabama. The plots were arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications. The study’s objective was to compare the four varieties for essential oil yield and their composition at three harvest times, 135, 155, and 170 days after planting (DAP). Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation with continuous extraction with dichloromethane using a Likens–Nickerson apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. At the first harvest, the essential oil yield of the four varieties showed that M1H1 had a yield of 1.15%, higher than M2H1, M3H1, and M4H1 with 0.91, 0.76, and 1.03%, respectively. The isomenthone concentrations increased dramatically through the season in M1 (M1H1, M1H2, M1H3) by 19.93, 54.7, and 69.31%, and M3 (M3H1, M3H2, M3H3) by 1.81, 48.02, and 65.83%, respectively. However, it increased only slightly in M2 and M4. The thymol concentration decreased slightly but not significantly in all four varieties; the thymol in M2 and M4 was very high compared with M1 and M3. The study showed that mountain mint offers potential for production in North Alabama. Two varieties, M1 and M3, merit further studies to determine yield stability, essential oil yield, composition, and cultivation development practices.

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Hierarchical HZSM-5 for Catalytic Cracking of Oleic Acid to Biofuels

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11030747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Mahashanon Arumugam ◽

Chee Keong Goh ◽

Zulkarnain Zainal ◽

Sugeng Triwahyono ◽

Adam F. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oleic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Acid Catalyst ◽

Hierarchical Network ◽

Waste Oil ◽

Acid Catalyzed ◽

Zeolite Seeds ◽

20 Nm

Solid acid catalyzed cracking of waste oil-derived fatty acids is an attractive route to hydrocarbon fuels. HZSM-5 is an effective acid catalyst for fatty acid cracking; however, its microporous nature is susceptible to rapid deactivation by coking. We report the synthesis and application of hierarchical HZSM-5 (h-HZSM-5) in which silanization of pre-crystallized zeolite seeds is employed to introduce mesoporosity during the aggregation of growing crystallites. The resulting h-HZSM-5 comprises a disordered array of fused 10–20 nm crystallites and mesopores with a mean diameter of 13 nm, which maintain the high surface area and acidity of a conventional HZSM-5. Mesopores increase the yield of diesel range hydrocarbons obtained from oleic acid deoxygenation from ~20% to 65%, attributed to improved acid site accessibility within the hierarchical network.

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