scholarly journals A Bioorthogonal Probe for Multiscale Imaging by 19F-MRI and Raman Microscopy: From Whole Body to Single Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Chirizzi ◽  
Carlo Morasso ◽  
Alessandro Aldo Caldarone ◽  
Matteo Tommasini ◽  
Fabio Corsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Raman Microscopy ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
19F Mri ◽  
Multiscale Imaging

scholarly journals Increases in circulating megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity in the plasma of rats following whole body irradiation

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Miura ◽  
CW Jackson ◽  
SA Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Marrow Cells

Abstract To gain insight into the regulation of megakaryocyte precursors in vivo, we assayed (in vitro) megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity (Meg-GPA) in plasma of rats in which both marrow hypoplasia and thrombocytopenia had been induced by irradiation. Rats received whole body irradiation of 834 rad from a 137Cs source. Plasma was collected at intervals of hours to days, up through day 21 postirradiation, and was tested, at a concentration of 30%, for Meg-GPA on bone marrow cells cultured in 1.1% methylcellulose with 5 X 10(-5) M 2-mercaptoethanol. With normal rat plasma, no megakaryocyte colonies (defined as greater than or equal to 4 megakaryocytes) were seen and only a few single megakaryocytes and clusters (defined as 2 or 3 megakaryocytes) were formed. Two peaks of plasma Meg-GPA were observed after irradiation. The first appeared at 12 hr, before any decrease in marrow megakaryocyte concentration or platelet count. The second occurred on days 10–14 after irradiation, after the nadir in megakaryocyte concentration and while platelet counts were at their lowest levels. A dose-response study of plasma concentration and megakaryocyte growth, using plasma collected 11 days postirradiation, demonstrated that patterns of megakaryocyte growth were related to plasma concentration; formation of single megakaryocytes was optimal over a range of 20%-30% plasma concentration, while cluster and colony formation were optimal at a plasma concentration of 30%. All forms of megakaryocyte growth were decreased with 40% plasma. There was a linear relationship between the number of bone marrow cells plated and growth of single cells, clusters, and colonies using a concentration of 30% plasma collected 11 days after irradiation. We conclude that irradiation causes time- related increases in circulating megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity. We suggest that the irradiated rat is a good model for studying the relationships between Meg-GPA and megakaryocyte and platelet concentration in vivo.

scholarly journals Homogentisic acid-derived pigment as a biocompatible label for optoacoustic imaging of macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Weidenfeld ◽  
Christian Zakian ◽  
Peter Duewell ◽  
Andriy Chmyrov ◽  
Uwe Klemm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Homogentisic Acid ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Imaging ◽  
Optoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Functionally Diverse

Abstract Macrophages are one of the most functionally-diverse cell types with roles in innate immunity, homeostasis and disease making them attractive targets for diagnostics and therapy. Photo- or optoacoustics could provide non-invasive, deep tissue imaging with high resolution and allow to visualize the spatiotemporal distribution of macrophages in vivo. However, present macrophage labels focus on synthetic nanomaterials, frequently limiting their ability to combine both host cell viability and functionality with strong signal generation. Here, we present a homogentisic acid-derived pigment (HDP) for biocompatible intracellular labeling of macrophages with strong optoacoustic contrast efficient enough to resolve single cells against a strong blood background. We study pigment formation during macrophage differentiation and activation, and utilize this labeling method to track migration of pro-inflammatory macrophages in vivo with whole-body imaging. We expand the sparse palette of macrophage labels for in vivo optoacoustic imaging and facilitate research on macrophage functionality and behavior.

scholarly journals Increases in circulating megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity in the plasma of rats following whole body irradiation

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Miura ◽  
CW Jackson ◽  
SA Lyles
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Marrow Cells

To gain insight into the regulation of megakaryocyte precursors in vivo, we assayed (in vitro) megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity (Meg-GPA) in plasma of rats in which both marrow hypoplasia and thrombocytopenia had been induced by irradiation. Rats received whole body irradiation of 834 rad from a 137Cs source. Plasma was collected at intervals of hours to days, up through day 21 postirradiation, and was tested, at a concentration of 30%, for Meg-GPA on bone marrow cells cultured in 1.1% methylcellulose with 5 X 10(-5) M 2-mercaptoethanol. With normal rat plasma, no megakaryocyte colonies (defined as greater than or equal to 4 megakaryocytes) were seen and only a few single megakaryocytes and clusters (defined as 2 or 3 megakaryocytes) were formed. Two peaks of plasma Meg-GPA were observed after irradiation. The first appeared at 12 hr, before any decrease in marrow megakaryocyte concentration or platelet count. The second occurred on days 10–14 after irradiation, after the nadir in megakaryocyte concentration and while platelet counts were at their lowest levels. A dose-response study of plasma concentration and megakaryocyte growth, using plasma collected 11 days postirradiation, demonstrated that patterns of megakaryocyte growth were related to plasma concentration; formation of single megakaryocytes was optimal over a range of 20%-30% plasma concentration, while cluster and colony formation were optimal at a plasma concentration of 30%. All forms of megakaryocyte growth were decreased with 40% plasma. There was a linear relationship between the number of bone marrow cells plated and growth of single cells, clusters, and colonies using a concentration of 30% plasma collected 11 days after irradiation. We conclude that irradiation causes time- related increases in circulating megakaryocyte growth-promoting activity. We suggest that the irradiated rat is a good model for studying the relationships between Meg-GPA and megakaryocyte and platelet concentration in vivo.

scholarly journals Animal simulations facilitate smart drug design through prediction of nanomaterial transport to individual tissue cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. eaax2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Price ◽  
Andre J. Gesquiere
Keyword(s):  
Drug Design ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Tissue Cells ◽  
Smart Drug

Smart drug design for antibody and nanomaterial-based therapies allows optimization of drug efficacy and more efficient early-stage preclinical trials. The ideal drug must display maximum efficacy at target tissue sites, with transport from tissue vasculature to the cellular environment being critical. Biological simulations, when coupled with in vitro approaches, can predict this exposure in a rapid and efficient manner. As a result, it becomes possible to predict drug biodistribution within single cells of live animal tissue without the need for animal studies. Here, we successfully utilized an in vitro assay and a computational fluid dynamic model to translate in vitro cell kinetics (accounting for cell-induced degradation) to whole-body simulations for multiple species as well as nanomaterial types to predict drug distribution into individual tissue cells. We expect this work to assist in refining, reducing, and replacing animal testing, while providing scientists with a new perspective during the drug development process.

scholarly journals Understanding angiodiversity: insights from single cell biology

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (15) ◽  
pp. dev146621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Jakab ◽  
Hellmut G. Augustin
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Molecular Dissection ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Dynamic Components

ABSTRACTBlood vessels have long been considered as passive conduits for delivering blood. However, in recent years, cells of the vessel wall (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and pericytes) have emerged as active, highly dynamic components that orchestrate crosstalk between the circulation and organs. Encompassing the whole body and being specialized to the needs of distinct organs, it is not surprising that vessel lining cells come in different flavours. There is calibre-specific specialization (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins), but also organ-specific heterogeneity in different microvascular beds (continuous, discontinuous, sinusoidal). Recent technical advances in the field of single cell biology have enabled the profiling of thousands of single cells and, hence, have allowed for the molecular dissection of such angiodiversity, yielding a hitherto unparalleled level of spatial and functional resolution. Here, we review how these approaches have contributed to our understanding of angiodiversity.

scholarly journals Modern Trends in Imaging XI: Impedance Measurements in the Biomedical Sciences

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick D. Coffman ◽  
Stanley Cohen
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Biological Organisms

Biological organisms and their component organs, tissues and cells have unique electrical impedance properties. Impedance properties often change with changes in structure, composition, and metabolism, and can be indicative of the onset and progression of disease states. Over the past 100 years, instruments and analytical methods have been developed to measure the impedance properties of biological specimens and to utilize these measurements in both clinical and basic science settings. This chapter will review the applications of impedance measurements in the biomedical sciences, from whole body analysis to impedance measurements of single cells and cell monolayers, and how cellular impedance measuring instruments can now be used in high throughput screening applications.

scholarly journals Whole-body tracking of single cells via positron emission tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 835-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Oh Jung ◽  
Tae Jin Kim ◽  
Jung Ho Yu ◽  
Siyeon Rhee ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Body Tracking

scholarly journals From Whole-body Sections Down to Cellular Level, Multiscale Imaging of Phospholipids by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. O110.004259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Chaurand ◽  
Dale S. Cornett ◽  
Peggi M. Angel ◽  
Richard M. Caprioli
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Maldi Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Multiscale Imaging

scholarly journals Whole-body single-cell sequencing of the Platynereis larva reveals a subdivision into apical versus non-apical tissues

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaia Achim ◽  
Nils Eling ◽  
Hernando Martinez Vergara ◽  
Paola Yanina Bertucci ◽  
Thibaut Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Peptidergic Neurons ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Single Cell Sequencing ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Platynereis Dumerilii ◽  
Somatic Musculature

AbstractAnimal bodies comprise a diverse array of tissues and cells. To characterise cellular identities across an entire body, we have compared the transcriptomes of single cells randomly picked from dissociated whole larvae of the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii1–4. We identify five transcriptionally distinct groups of differentiated cells that are spatially coherent, as revealed by spatial mapping5. Besides somatic musculature, ciliary bands and midgut, we find a group of cells located at the apical tip of the animal, comprising sensory-peptidergic neurons, and another group composed of non-apical neural and epidermal cells covering the rest of the body. These data establish a basic subdivision of the larval body surface into molecularly defined apical versus non-apical tissues, and support the evolutionary conservation of the apical nervous system as a distinct part of the bilaterian brain6.

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