Effect of Initial Monomer Concentration on Spatial Inhomogeneity in Poly(acrylamide) Gels

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 6856-6862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Yener Kizilay ◽  
Oguz Okay
Keyword(s):  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Spatial Inhomogeneity ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Microscopic characteristics of Janus nanoparticles prepared via a grafting-from reaction at the immiscible liquid interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 5347-5354
Author(s):  
Bing-Yu Li ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Zhong-Yuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Reaction Probability ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Janus Nanoparticles ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Grafting From

The interfacial tension, initial monomer concentration, and reaction probability can greatly influence the microscopic characteristics of the Janus nanoparticle (JNP) structure. The asymmetric initial monomer concentration in solution and the reaction probability can be used to control the syntheses of asymmetric JNPs.

scholarly journals Synthesis of cyclic polymers and flaws of the Jacobson–Stockmayer theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 2595-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans R. Kricheldorf ◽  
Steffen M. Weidner ◽  
Felix Scheliga
Keyword(s):  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Cyclic Polymers ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer

The results of this study show that even at the highest initial monomer concentration (IMC) complete cyclization of polymer chains can be achieved at 100% conversion.

scholarly journals Pore-Size Distributions of Cationic Polyacrylamide Hydrogels Varying in Initial Monomer Concentration and Cross-Linker/Monomer Ratio

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2965-2973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kremer ◽  
Elmar Pothmann ◽  
Tobias Roessler ◽  
John Baker ◽  
April Yee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Cationic Polyacrylamide ◽  
Polyacrylamide Hydrogels ◽  
Monomer Ratio ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Cross Linker

scholarly journals Effect of transfer agent, temperature and initial monomer concentration on branching in poly(acrylic acid): A study by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis

Polymer ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Lena ◽  
Alexander K. Goroncy ◽  
Joel J. Thevarajah ◽  
Alison R. Maniego ◽  
Gregory T. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
C Nmr ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

scholarly journals Self-Initiated Butyl Acrylate Polymerizations in Bulk and in Solution Monitored By In-Line Techniques

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Jonas Mätzig ◽  
Marco Drache ◽  
Sabine Beuermann
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Kinetics Of

High-temperature acrylate polymerizations are technically relevant, but yet not fully understood. In particular the mechanism and the kinetics of the thermal self-initiation is a topic of current research. To obtain more detailed information the conversion dependence of the polymerization rate, rbr, is determined via in-line DSC and FT-NIR spectroscopy for reactions in bulk and in solution at temperatures ranging from 80 to 160 °C. Solution polymerizations revealed that dioxane is associated with the highest rbr, while aromatic solvents result in the lowest values of rbr. Interestingly, rbr for polymerizations in solution with dioxane depends on the actual monomer concentration at a given time in the system, but is not depending on the initial monomer concentration. The overall rate of polymerization in bulk and in solution is well represented by an equation with three or four parameters, respectively, being estimated by multiple linear regression and the temperature as additional parameter.

Effect of hydrolysis on spatial inhomogeneity in poly(acrylamide) gels of various crosslink densities

Polymer ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 5239-5250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Yener Kizilay ◽  
Oguz Okay
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Inhomogeneity ◽  
Poly Acrylamide ◽  
Crosslink Densities

Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Nano-matrix Structure Formed by Graft-Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Natural Rubber

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kontapond Prukkaewkanjana ◽  
Seiichi Kawahara ◽  
Jitladda Sakdapipanich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Graft Copolymerization ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
Oil Resistance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Initial Monomer

Natural rubber (NR) is one of the most important agriculture products of Thailand, which is an important material with unique and special characteristics used in wide range of applications such as mechanical properties, excellent strength, and elasticity. However, it is inferior in oil resistance due to the presence of hydrogen and carbon in its structure. This inherent drawback of NR has limited its application in industry. In order to expand the use of NR, this research is interested to improve the oil resistance of NR without loss of outstanding properties by grafting NR with acrylonitrile (AN) monomer to form the nano-matrix structure. The influences of the initial monomer concentration and initial initiator concentration were investigated. These effects on structure, mechanical properties and oil resistance properties were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, tensile machine, and swelling in toluene, respectively. It was found that the tensile strength and oil resistance properties of graft copolymerization of AN onto NR increased with increasing the percentage grafting efficiency of acrylonitrile monomer.

Synthesis of Cross-Linked Poly(acrylamide) Microspheres by Dispersion Polymerisation in Aqueous Ammonium Sulfate Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Jie He ◽  
Saman Aryana ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Feng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Precipitation Behaviour ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

Cross-linked poly(acrylamide) microspheres, i.e. PAMBA, with mean diameters ranging from 169.7 to 525.2 nm were prepared by dispersion polymerisation of acrylamide in aqueous ammonium sulfate (AS) solution. N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and potassium persulfate (KPS) were selected as the cross-linking agent, stabiliser, and initiator, respectively. The basic conditions for producing PAMBA microspheres, such as the salt concentration and monomer concentration, were optimised based on the precipitation behaviour of the polymer and the state of the product obtained after polymerisation. The optimum AS concentration and monomer concentration were determined as 300 and 88 g L−1, respectively. The effects of parameters, such as SDS concentration, MBA concentration, initiator concentration and temperature, on the product morphology and particle size were investigated by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the optimum conditions for the generation of microspheres are concentrations of 2.2–8.8 g L−1 for SDS, 4–6 g L−1 for MBA, 0.3–1.0 wt-% based on acrylamide for KPS, and the temperature should be kept at 35–45°C. The mean diameter of the microspheres decreases with an increase in SDS concentration and increases with an increase in MBA concentration. The polydispersity of the microspheres increases when SDS concentration exceeds 6.6 g L−1 as well as when MBA concentration increases. The formation mechanism of the products was discussed based on the results.

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