scholarly journals Self-Initiated Butyl Acrylate Polymerizations in Bulk and in Solution Monitored By In-Line Techniques

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Jonas Mätzig ◽  
Marco Drache ◽  
Sabine Beuermann
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Kinetics Of

High-temperature acrylate polymerizations are technically relevant, but yet not fully understood. In particular the mechanism and the kinetics of the thermal self-initiation is a topic of current research. To obtain more detailed information the conversion dependence of the polymerization rate, rbr, is determined via in-line DSC and FT-NIR spectroscopy for reactions in bulk and in solution at temperatures ranging from 80 to 160 °C. Solution polymerizations revealed that dioxane is associated with the highest rbr, while aromatic solvents result in the lowest values of rbr. Interestingly, rbr for polymerizations in solution with dioxane depends on the actual monomer concentration at a given time in the system, but is not depending on the initial monomer concentration. The overall rate of polymerization in bulk and in solution is well represented by an equation with three or four parameters, respectively, being estimated by multiple linear regression and the temperature as additional parameter.

Microscopic characteristics of Janus nanoparticles prepared via a grafting-from reaction at the immiscible liquid interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 5347-5354
Author(s):  
Bing-Yu Li ◽  
Li Zhao ◽  
Zhong-Yuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Reaction Probability ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Janus Nanoparticles ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Grafting From

The interfacial tension, initial monomer concentration, and reaction probability can greatly influence the microscopic characteristics of the Janus nanoparticle (JNP) structure. The asymmetric initial monomer concentration in solution and the reaction probability can be used to control the syntheses of asymmetric JNPs.

scholarly journals Synthesis of cyclic polymers and flaws of the Jacobson–Stockmayer theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 2595-2604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans R. Kricheldorf ◽  
Steffen M. Weidner ◽  
Felix Scheliga
Keyword(s):  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Cyclic Polymers ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer

The results of this study show that even at the highest initial monomer concentration (IMC) complete cyclization of polymer chains can be achieved at 100% conversion.

Kinetics of Inverse Emulsion Copolymerization of Dimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride and Acrylamide

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 348-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Na Wang ◽  
Ren Zhi Zhang ◽  
Ni Sha Jin
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Emulsion Copolymerization ◽  
Inverse Emulsion ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Kinetics Of

Inverse emulsion copolymerization of DMDAAC with AM has been investigated by the dilatometer technique using the mixture of Span-80 and Tween-80 as the composite emulsifier and 2,2’-azobis (2-methylpropionconidine) dihydro chloride as the initiator. In inverse emulsion copolymerization, the influences of the concentrations of monomers, emulsifier and initiator and initial temperature on polymerization rate and the intrinsic viscosity of polymer have been examined. Its kinetics can be expressed as,. The overall activation energy for the rate of polymerization was determined with a dilatometer as 20.33 kJ/mol over the temperature range 35-55°C.

scholarly journals Effect of transfer agent, temperature and initial monomer concentration on branching in poly(acrylic acid): A study by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis

Polymer ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Lena ◽  
Alexander K. Goroncy ◽  
Joel J. Thevarajah ◽  
Alison R. Maniego ◽  
Gregory T. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer Concentration ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
C Nmr ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

scholarly journals Kinetic investigation of styrene emulsion polymerization with surface-active polyelectrolytes as emulsifier, 1 Kinetic study

e-Polymers ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kato ◽  
Kiyoshi Suzuki ◽  
Mamoru Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Emulsion Polymerization ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Potassium Persulfate ◽  
Polymeric Surfactant ◽  
Emulsion Copolymerization ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Initial Monomer ◽  
Polymeric Emulsifier ◽  
Surface Active

AbstractA copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid to be used as a polymeric surfactant was synthesized by emulsifier-free semi-batch emulsion copolymerization. Emulsion polymerization of styrene was carried out at 50°C utilizing the ammonium salt of the copolymer as the polymeric emulsifier and potassium persulfate as the initiator, respectively. Both the number of polymer particles produced and the rate of polymerization were proportional to the 0.6 power of the initial emulsifier concentration, to the 0.4 power of the initial initiator concentration, and independent of the initial monomer concentration, respectively. These relationships are almost the same as those observed in the emulsion polymerization of styrene conducted using conventional surfactants like sodium dodecyl sulfate as the emulsifier and potassium persulfate as the initiator.

Kinetics of Alkyllithium Initiated Polymerizations

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Hsieh ◽  
W. H. Glaze
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Weight Distribution ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Vinyl Monomers ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Organolithium Compounds ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The kinetics of alkyllithium initiated polymerizations is reviewed for publication in Rubber Reviews for 1970. It contains nine sections: introduction, the structure of organolithium compounds, rate of polymerization, rate of propagation, rate of initiation, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, polymerization of diene and vinyl monomers in polar solvents, copolymerizations, and polymerizations of polar monomers. A total of 205 references are cited.

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