Optimisation of Tetrahymena rostrata growth using food by-products as nitrogen source

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Caillieret-Ethuin ◽  
F. Duyme ◽  
F. Tonon ◽  
J. Jeanfils ◽  
J. De Coninck
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
By Products

Influence of organic by-products and nitrogen source on chemical and microbiological status of an agricultural soil

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Entry ◽  
B. H. Wood ◽  
J. H. Edwards ◽  
C. W. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
By Products ◽  
Microbiological Status

scholarly journals Optimization of Lactic Acid Production from Pineapple By-Products and an Inexpensive Nitrogen Source Using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 4O8

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Joel Romial Ngouénam ◽  
Pierre Marie Kaktcham ◽  
Chancel Hector Momo Kenfack ◽  
Edith Marius Foko Kouam ◽  
François Zambou Ngoufack
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
By Products

Lactic acid (LA) is used in food, cosmetic, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries and has recently attracted much attention in the production of biodegradable polymers. The expensive substances including carbon and nitrogen sources involved in its fermentative synthesis and the increasing market demand of LA have prompted scientists to look for inexpensive raw materials from which it can be produced. This research was aimed at determining the optimum conditions of lactic acid (LA) production from pineapple by-products and an inexpensive nitrogen source using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 4O8. After collection and preparation of the carbon source (pineapple by-products) and nitrogen sources (by-products from fish, chicken, and beer brewing industries), they were used for the formulation of 4 different media in terms of nitrogen sources. Then, the proximate compositions of promising nitrogen sources were determined. This was followed by the screening of factors (temperature, carbon source, nitrogen source, MgSO4, MnSO4, FeSO4, KH2PO4, and KHPO4) influencing the production of LA using the definitive plan. Lastly, the optimization process was done using the central composite design. The highest LA productions ( 14.64 ± 0.05   g / l and 13.4 ± 0.02   g / l ) were obtained in production medium supplemented with chicken and fish by-products, respectively, making them the most promising sources of nitrogen. The proximate analysis of these nitrogen sources revealed that their protein contents were 83.00 ± 1.41 % DM and 74.00 ± 1.41 % DM for chicken by-products and fish by-products, respectively. Concerning the screening of factors, temperature, nitrogen source, and carbon source were the factors that showed a major impact on LA production in the production medium containing chicken by-products as nitrogen source. A pineapple by-product concentration of 141.75 g/l, a nitrogen source volume of 108.99 ml/l, and a temperature of 30.89°C were recorded as the optimum conditions for LA production. The optimization led to a 2.73-fold increase in LA production when compared with the production medium without nitrogen source. According to these results, chicken by-products are a promising and an inexpensive nitrogen source that can be an alternative to yeast extract in lactic acid production.

The formation kinetics of haloacetonitriles and halonitromethanes during chloramination

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsueh Chuang ◽  
Hsin-hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Precursor Pool ◽  
Formation Kinetics ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matters ◽  
Xad Resins ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
By Products

This study investigates the formation of 14N- and 15N-nitrogenous disinfection by-product formation upon 15N-chloramination from four dissolved organic matters (DOMs). A series of XAD resins were used to fractionate DOM based on their hydrophobicity and functional group. The results show that hydrophobic acid (HPOA) fraction was the most important precursor pool for haloacetonitrile (HAN); these precursors mainly generated HAN through chloramine incorporation. HPOA and hydrophobic neutral (HPON) gave higher trichloronitromethane (TCNM) yields than the other fractions did. The nitrogen origin upon chloramination of HPOA was primarily from dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). By contrast, chloramines provided the main nitrogen sources during chloraminating HPON and HPOA with low DON to dissolved organic carbon ratios. The results of formation kinetics show that dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) of which nitrogen source originate from DON formed faster than that of which nitrogen source originate from chloramines. Under normal chloramine exposure (4,000 mg-min/L, equal to 2 mg/L chloramines with around 2 days' reaction duration), 14N-DCAN concentration was two to over five times higher than that of 15N-DCAN. This study also uses a model to calculate the formation concentration of nitrogenous disinfection by-products without hydrolysis effects. The results show that 15N-DCAN formation was linearly correlated with chloramine exposure.

Using Tobacco By‐products as a Nitrogen Source for Container‐Grown Houseplants

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1697-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
By Products

Efficiency of protein as a nitrogen source for wheat and morphological changes in roots exposed to high protein concentrations

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-613
Author(s):  
Jay Rasmussen ◽  
Brandon H. Gilroyed ◽  
Tim Reuter ◽  
Ana Badea ◽  
François Eudes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Morphological Response ◽  
N Source ◽  
Protein Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
By Products

Rasmussen, J., Gilroyed, B. H., Reuter, T., Badea, A., Eudes, F., Graf, R., Laroche, A., Kav, N. N. V. and McAllister, T. A. 2014. Efficiency of protein as a nitrogen source for wheat and morphological changes in roots exposed to high protein concentrations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 603–613. Proteins of animal origin can enter the environment through application of agricultural by-products to arable or pastured land. In this study, wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. AC Andrew) was exposed to treatments with nitrogen (N) supplied as animal protein (bovine serum albumin; BSA), inorganic N or a combination of these sources at different iso-nitrogenous concentrations. Plant growth was assessed by monitoring both wet and dry mass of shoots and data showed that protein treatments did not differ (P>0.05) from controls lacking N. Analysis of N also showed that plants supplied with protein N displayed lower N (1.2–2.4%) concentration as compared with those supplied with inorganic N (up to 12.4%) with N remaining <2.4% even when the supply of protein was increased. Root morphology was altered in plants exposed to protein N concentrations >71 mM, with the development of knob-like outgrowths with unknown function or significance. This study provides evidence that wheat plantlets grown under sterile conditions are unable to utilize BSA as efficiently as NH4NO3 as a N source, but their roots exhibit a morphological response to protein.

scholarly journals Effects of different sodium salts and nitrogen sources on the production of 3-hydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxybutyrate by Burkholderia cepacia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Huang ◽  
Huanyu Guo ◽  
Shaoming Jiang ◽  
Jinyue Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
By Products

AbstractThe effects of NaCl, Na2SO4, Na2HPO4, and Na3C6H5O7 on the production of 3-hydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxybutyrate, and by-products by Burkholderia cepacia. Proper addition of Na3C6H5O7 can significantly promote the production of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and polyhydroxybutyrate. The concentration, productivity, and yield of 3-hydroxybutyrate were increased by 48.2%, 55.6%, and 48.3% at 16 mM Na3C6H5O7. The increases of 80.1%, 47.1%, and 80.0% in the concentration, productivity, and yield of polyhydroxybutyrate were observed at 12 mM Na3C6H5O7. Na2SO4 and Na2HPO4 also have positive effects on the production capacity of 3-hydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxybutyrate within a certain range of concentration. NaCl is not conducive to the improvement of fermentation efficiency. Compared with a single nitrogen source, a mixed nitrogen source is more conducive to enhancing the production of 3-hydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxybutyrate.

scholarly journals Integrated Production of Biofuels and Succinic Acid from Biomass after Thermochemical Pretreatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kuglarz ◽  
Klaudiusz Grübel
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Integrated Process ◽  
Glycerol Content ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Thermochemical Method ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
By Products

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop an effective thermochemical method for treatment of industrial hemp, in order to increase its bioconversion to biofuels and bio-products. Industrial hemp was subjected to various thermochemical pretreatments using: alkaline (3 % NaOH), oxidative (3 % H2O2 at pH 11.5) and glycerol-based methods (70-90 % of glycerol, 1-3 % NaOH), prior to enzymatic hydrolysis with Cellic® CTec2/Cellic® HTec2 (15 FPU∙g−1 glucan). Innovative pretreatment with glycerol fraction (80 % glycerol content, 2 % NaOH, 12.5 % biomass loading) showed to be superior over commonly used alkaline and oxidative methods with respect to by-products generation and sugar losses. Integrated process of ethanol production from enriched cellulose fraction (172 kg EtOH∙Mg−1 of dry hemp) and succinic production from xylose-rich residue after ethanol fermentation (59 kg∙Mg−1 of dry hemp) allowed to convert about 97 % of sugars released (glucose and xylose) during enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated biomass. The present study showed that it is possible to replace 50 % of the costly yeast extract, used during succinic fermentation as nitrogen source, by alternative nitrogen source (rapeseed cakes) without significant deterioration of succinic yield. Pretreatment liquor after lignin precipitation (52 kg∙Mg−1 of biomass treated) exhibited a high biodegradability (92 %) and allowed to produce 420 m3 CH4/Mg VS). Results obtained in this study clearly document the possibility of biofuels (bioethanol, biogas) and bio-chemicals production from industrial hemp, in a biorefinery approach.

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