Distribution of acid extractable P and exchangeable K in a grassland soil as affected by long-term surface application of N, P and K fertilizers

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Malhi ◽  
J.T. Harapiak ◽  
R. Karamanos ◽  
K.S. Gill ◽  
N. Flore
Keyword(s):  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Surface Application ◽  
Extractable P

scholarly journals Different soil potassium fractions and their contribution towards its uptake under long-term rice-rice cropping system in an Inceptisol of subtropical eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Raghabananda Nayak ◽  
Kumbhakarna Rout ◽  
Mitali Mandal ◽  
Abhiram Dash
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Pot Culture

A pot culture experiment was conducted by taking soils from a long term fertilizer experimental field to evaluate the contribution of different K fractions towards rice biomass yield and potassium uptake in different long term fertilizer management practices. Twelve different soils were taken for pot culture and graded dose of potassium @ 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg K2O ha-1 was applied. Rice variety Lalat was grown as test crop. The forms of potassium were determined in the surface soil of 0-15 cm after maturity of crop. The result shows that water soluble form of K is the major contributor to biomass yield in soils taken from100% PK, 100% NPKZn, 100% NPKZnB,100% NPKZnS,100% NPK lime and control treated plots of the main field where as exchangeable K is dominant form of K in 100% NPK and 150% NPK. Ammonium acetate K contributes to yield in NPKFYM lime treatment. The nitric acid extractable K is a major contributor to yield in 100% NPKFYM,100% N or100% NP treatment. The water soluble form of K is the major source towards uptake in 150% NPK, NPKFYM lime ,100% NPKZnB, or control. Ammonium acetate K becomes the main source by applying 100% PK,100% NPK,100% NPKZn,100% NPKZnSor 100% NPKlime whereas exchangeable K becomes major contributor by100%N,or 100% NP application and 1 N HNO3 extractable K is the main source of K uptake in NPKFYM treatment. Therefore due importance of different form of potassium should be given in soil test value for better fertilizer management.

Long-term grazing effects on grassland soil properties in southern British Columbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. W. Evans ◽  
M. Krzic ◽  
K. Broersma ◽  
D. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Grazing Effects

Evans, C. R. W., Krzic, M., Broersma, K. and Thompson, D. J. 2012. Long-term grazing effects on grassland soil properties in southern British Columbia. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 685–693. Although grazing effects on soil properties have been evaluated on various temperate grasslands, no study has dealt with these effects in the southern interior of British Columbia. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of spring versus fall season grazing as well as grazing [at a moderate rate of 0.6 animal unit months (AUM) ha−1] versus non-grazing by beef cattle on selected soil properties. Effects were determined 20 and 30 yr after the establishment of the field experiment. Soil properties were determined for the 0- to 7.5-cm, 7.5- to 15-cm, and 15- to 30-cm depths. In comparison with fall grazing, spring grazing had greater soil bulk density, greater mechanical resistance within the top 15 cm of the soil profile, higher pH, and lower polysaccharides. This was true for both 20 and 30 yr of treatment. Grazing effects on aggregate stability were observed only after 30 yr with spring grazing leading to a more stable structure with a mean weight diameter (MWD) of 1.5 mm and 32% and 10% of aggregates in the 2- to 6-mm and 1- to 2-mm size fractions, respectively, compared with a MWD of 1.0 mm and 20% and 6% under fall grazing. Greater soil bulk density, mechanical resistance, and pH were observed under the grazed treatment relative to the control without grazing, but as we used a moderate stocking rate the impacts were not as great as in previous studies, which used heavy stocking rates. Our findings show that long-term grazing at a moderate stocking rate of 0.6 AUM ha−1did not have critical detrimental effects on soil properties as some land managers and ranchers have suggested.

Effects of long-term exposure to enriched CO2 on the nutrient-supplying capacity of a grassland soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Gentile ◽  
Mike Dodd ◽  
Mark Lieffering ◽  
Shona C. Brock ◽  
Phil W. Theobald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Enriched Co2

scholarly journals Phosphorus leaching in sandy soils .II. Laboratory studies of the long-term effects of the phosphorus source

Soil Research ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Weaver ◽  
GSP Ritchie ◽  
GC Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Coastal Superphosphate ◽  
Extractable P

Long-term phosphorus (P) losses and gains in sandy soils continuously fertilized with either ordinary superphosphate or coastal superphosphate (a granulated mixture of superphosphate, rock phosphate and elemental sulfur) or previously fertilized with superphosphate were investigated under leaching conditions in columns in the laboratory. The soils were subjected to 10 consecutive cycles designed to simulate the mediterranean weather conditions in the Harvey region of the Coastal Plain of Western Australia. Each cycle consisted of a wet phase during which the equivalent of 850 mm of rainfall was leached through the soil and a drier phase during which the soil was incubated in the presence of moisture equivalent to summer rainfall (150 mm). Dissolved inorganic P in the leachate was used as a measure of P loss. A sequential fractionation procedure (a resin extraction followed by 0.5 M sodium bicarbonate, 0.1 M sodium hydroxide and 0.1 M sulfuric acid extractions) and total inorganic and organic P were used to measure changes in P levels in the soils. Phosphorus losses from the previously fertilized soils decreased logarithmically with increasing number of cycles. Total inorganic P and resin-extractable P were able to explain >94% of the variation in P losses. Addition of either fertilizer increased the amount of P leached from the soil and 10-40% more P was leached by adding superphosphate rather than coastal superphosphate. The percentage of the cumulative P lost by leaching decreased with increasing application rate of both fertilizers when expressed as a percentage of the cumulative water plus citrate-soluble P added. Addition of either fertilizer increased the amount of acid-extractable P, but coastal superphosphate had a much greater effect than superphosphate. Leaching losses of P were influenced by fertilizer solubility in the short term (< 1 year). In the long term, however, the water plus citrate-insoluble P in the fertilizers also contributed to P losses by leaching.

Differential retention of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in grassland soil profiles with long-term manure application

2009 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Angers ◽  
M. H. Chantigny ◽  
J. D. MacDonald ◽  
P. Rochette ◽  
D. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Grassland Soil ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Differential Retention

Potassium in soils under different cropping systems: 3. Non-exchangeable potassium in soils from long-term experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Addiscott ◽  
A. E. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Percentage Release ◽  
Clay Percentage

SUMMARYSoils from long-term experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn were cropped for very long periods (up to 5½ years) with ryegrass in pots. Measurements of the potassium taken up by the ryegrass that was not exchangeable to ammonium acetate and the kinetics of its release both suggested two categories of non-exchangeable K. Of these, the first to be released was closely related to the initial exchangeable K, whilst the second, though partly related to the initial exchangeable K was also influenced by the clay percentage. Release of both categories may have been controlled by diffusion, because both showed good relationships between the quantity released and time. It is suggested that the first category may be K ‘trapped’ when K fertilizer added in the field decreased the interlamellar spaces of vermiculite layers in clay particles, whilst the second may simply be the ‘native’ K (described by others) present in clay and other minerals in the soil.Resowing the soils (without drying them) during the later stages of K. uptake suggested that the ability of the old ryegrass to absorb K was not a factor limiting K uptake even after long growth.When the ryegrass ceased to grow, the mean K potentials in the exhausted soils were close to the ‘uptake potential’ for ryegrass derived earlier by considering K uptakes from soils in relation to the quantity/potential relationships of the soils. Drying and rewetting the exhausted soils released K; the amount was influenced in one group of soils by the exchangeable K in the moist exhausted soil and in another group by the clay percentage.

scholarly journals Potassium Supplying Power of the Major Upland Inceptisols of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-28
Author(s):  
Fernando Abruña
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Exchangeable K ◽  
Intensive Cropping ◽  
K Release

Capacity of the nine most extensive upland Inceptisols of Puerto Rico to supply potassium (K) was determined through intensive cropping in pots with Pangola grass during 4 consecutive years. In addition, field experiments were conducted on two of these soils, Mucara and Pandura, for comparison. Seven of the lnceptisols tested formed under a udic moisture regime. They supplied an average of 279/kg of K/ha to Pangola grass during the first year, and then dropped to 110, 114, and 93 kg/ha for the second, third and fourth years, respectively. The average of 106 kg/ha for the last 3 years probably represents the long term capacity of this group to supply K to plants. The amount of K released by Mucara and Pandura soils (both udic lnceptisols) in the field experiments agreed fairly well with values obtained in the pot experiments. Two of the lnceptisols tested formed under a ustic moisture regime released and average of 507 kg of K/ha during the first year, and then 254, 233, and 140 kg/ha the last 3 years. The average K release per year for the last 3 years was 209 kg/ha. However, the long range K supplying capacity of these soils is probably lower than this value. The exchangeable K values obtained at the beginning of the pot experiment were significantly correlated with the amount of K extracted by Pangola grass during the first year of cropping in pots, whereas the HN03-soluble K values were correlated with the average release of K during the last 3 cropping years.

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