Distribution of Zooplankton along the Longitudinal Profile of Two Disturbed Small Rivers of the Upper Volga Basin

A survey study of the general hydroecological status of the historical small rivers of the same name Lybed and Pochayna, known since the Middle Ages (10th-11th centuries) in the Dnieper basin in Ukraine and in the Volga basin in the Russian Federation (RF), has been carried out. These rivers, many centuries ago, were natural objects around which cities formed, and in our time they turned out to be “absorbed” by cities. The state of six small rivers was analyzed: Lybed and Pochayna – tributaries of the Dnieper, Kiev, Ukraine; Lybed and Pochayna – Klyazma tributaries (Volga basin), Vladimir, Russia; Lybed – a tributary of the Oka (Volga basin), Ryazan, Russia; Pochayna – a tributary of the Volga, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. According to hydromorphological indicators of the state of the rivers (catchment area and water content), the studied ones relate to rivers of very small size and very low water content. A significant part of the channel of these rivers is enclosed in a reservoir (41-100%). The hydroecological condition of these rivers is unsatisfactory, water is prone to pollution. The Pochaina River – a tributary of the Dnieper in Kiev (Ukraine) and the Pochaina River – a tributary of the Volga in Nizhny Novgorod (RF) turned into lost natural heritage sites. Given the involvement in urban infrastructure, the morphometric parameters of the six rivers considered are the greatest prerequisites for being more or less revitalized in the river Lybed – the right tributary of the Dnieper in Kiev (Ukraine).

Download Full-text

Investigation of the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Sites in the Don Basin on the Territory of Volgograd Region

Nizhnevolzhskiy Arheologicheskiy Vestnik ◽

10.15688/nav.jvolsu.2020.1.9 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 167-187

Author(s):

Stanislav Remizov

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Volga Basin ◽

Upper Paleolithic ◽

Russian Plain ◽

Small Rivers ◽

Stone Age ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Stone Industry ◽

Xix Century ◽

Favorable Conditions

The locations of the Stone Age on the Volgograd region territory have been known since the beginning of the XIX century. However, purposeful Stone Age sites explorations had only started after the Sukhaya Mechetka site was discovered by A.P. Koptev and M.N. Grischenko in 1951. The data accumulated on series of stratified sites in Volgograd Region makes it possible to outline two significant groups of them. One of the groups belongs to the Lower Volga basin. The other group is associated with the ramified network of gullies and ravines and multiple tributaries of the Don. The Don is the fourth longest river on the Russian Plain; its basin taken in the Volgograd Region is several times larger than the Volga basin taken in the area. The relatively flat landscape of the Don plain, saturated with small rivers, gullies and ravines, as well as stone raw materials available for mining, have been creating favorable conditions for human habitation since the Middle Paleolithic. The well-known Paleolithic and Mesolithic sites are found both in the watersheds and in the floodplain-terrace areas of the Middle Don. The near-mouth section of the Kurmoyarsky Aksai river – the Don tributary in Kotelnikovo District – and the surroundings of Kremenskaya village in Kletskaya District are standing out in terms of being studied. The stone industry detected in the lower layers of the multilayered site Schlyakh indicates that the Don plain was inhabited by people during the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic transition. The prospects of further searches for Stone Age sites in the Middle Don Basin had already been proven by the discovery of at least forty sites in previous decades. Further archaeological research will help to discover new stratified sites with impressive collections of stone and bone items, which will make it possible to draw analogies with synchronous sites in the territories adjacent to the Volgograd region.

Download Full-text

Transformation of the Spring High-water and Flood Runoff in the Upper Volga Basin under the Climate Change Impact

Water sector of Russia: problems, technologies, management - Методы оценки и механизмы регулирования водопользования в современных условиях ◽

10.35567/1999-4508-2021-4-1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-28

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Water Regime ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

High Water ◽

Volga Basin ◽

Upper Volga ◽

Snow Storage ◽

Long Term Trends ◽

Annual Distribution

An increase in the average annual air temperature in the European territory of Russia against the background of climate change leads to a decrease in water reserves in the flood-forming snow cover. At the same time, an increase in the number of transitions of air temperature through 0 ° С in the area of positive values in winter leads not only to an additional reduction in snow storage by the beginning, but also ensures an increase in the number and size of thaw floods. Changes in the intra-annual distribution of the range and intensity of precipitation entail an increase in the number and magnitude of rainfall floods. Observed transformations in the types of feeding and water regime of the rivers of the basin. Methods. The study posed the task of studying climate change on the hydrological regime of rivers in the Upper Volga basin. To solve it, methods were used to determine the methods for determining the runoff components based on the dismemberment of the hydrograph using the GrWat software package and mapping the results of the results. As part of this task, more than two thousand hydrographs were analyzed, and their long-term trends were analyzed. Results. The analysis showed that on some rivers of the region the volume of flood runoff is already comparable to the volume of flood runoff, which is not typical for the river-European type of water regime. It was found that for some rivers in the region, the volume of runoff during high water decreased by more than 50%, while the volume of runoff during the period of rainfall floods increased by more than 80%,while in the period of thaw practically by 100%.

Download Full-text

Modelling spring flood in the area of the Upper Volga basin

Advances in Geosciences ◽

10.5194/adgeo-9-115-2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Helms ◽

O. Evdakov ◽

J. Ihringer ◽

F. Nestmann

Keyword(s):

River Basin Management ◽

Volga Basin ◽

Runoff Generation ◽

Spring Flood ◽

Hydrologic Simulation ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Flow Process ◽

Volga River ◽

Upper Volga ◽

Macro Scale

Abstract. Integrated river-basin management for the Volga river requires understanding and modelling of the flow process in its macro-scale tributary catchments. At the example of the Kostroma catchment (16 000 km2), a method combining existing hydrologic simulation tools was developed that allows operational modelling even when data are scarce. Emphasis was placed on simulation of three processes: snow cover development using a snow-compaction model, runoff generation using a conceptual approach with parameters for seasonal antecedent moisture conditions, and runoff concentration using a regionalised unit hydrograph approach. Based on this method, specific regional characteristics of the precipitation-runoff process were identified, in particular a distinct threshold behaviour of runoff generation in catchments with clay-rich soils. With a plausible overall parameterisation of involved tools, spring flood events could successfully be simulated. Present paper mainly focuses on the simulation of a 16-year sample of snowmelt events in a meso-scale catchment. An example of regionalised simulation in the scope of the modelling system "Flussgebietsmodell" shows the capabilities of developed method for application in macro-scale tributary catchments of the Upper Volga basin.

Download Full-text