scholarly journals Modelling spring flood in the area of the Upper Volga basin

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Helms ◽  
O. Evdakov ◽  
J. Ihringer ◽  
F. Nestmann
Keyword(s):  
River Basin Management ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Macro Scale

Abstract. Integrated river-basin management for the Volga river requires understanding and modelling of the flow process in its macro-scale tributary catchments. At the example of the Kostroma catchment (16 000 km2), a method combining existing hydrologic simulation tools was developed that allows operational modelling even when data are scarce. Emphasis was placed on simulation of three processes: snow cover development using a snow-compaction model, runoff generation using a conceptual approach with parameters for seasonal antecedent moisture conditions, and runoff concentration using a regionalised unit hydrograph approach. Based on this method, specific regional characteristics of the precipitation-runoff process were identified, in particular a distinct threshold behaviour of runoff generation in catchments with clay-rich soils. With a plausible overall parameterisation of involved tools, spring flood events could successfully be simulated. Present paper mainly focuses on the simulation of a 16-year sample of snowmelt events in a meso-scale catchment. An example of regionalised simulation in the scope of the modelling system "Flussgebietsmodell" shows the capabilities of developed method for application in macro-scale tributary catchments of the Upper Volga basin.

GIS Application to Water Quality Management in the Upper Volga River Basin: Joint TVA/Russia Project

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Belyaeva ◽  
John M. Higgins ◽  
Natalia Kirpichnikova ◽  
Irina Lanzova ◽  
James R. Hagerman
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Tennessee Valley ◽  
Resource Data

The Water Problem Institute of the Russian Academy of Science and the Tennessee Valley Authority are participating in a joint project to demonstrate the use of geographic information systems (GIS) in managing water resources under the changing economic system in Russia. The purpose is to improve decisions by better organizing, analyzing, and presenting water resource data and management options. Results to date include development of a conceptual approach and review of existing data. The project area includes the Upper Volga River Basin which encompasses the Moscow metropolitan area. Data are being managed at three levels depending on the scale and detail (i.e., regional, watershed, and local). Initial conclusions indicate a great potential for this technology, but many obstacles due to the current economic situation.

scholarly journals Climatic Changes Impact upon the Spring High-water Runoff and its Formation Factors in the Volga Basin.

2016 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
High Water ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Snowmelt Runoff ◽  
Spring Flood ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Spring Runoff ◽  
Wide Range

An assessment of the spring runoff characteristics and its formation factors in the Volga basin over the period of 1978–2010 vs. the period of 1948–1977 has been carried out. It has been found that the spring runoff variations are different in direction: 70% of the observed catchments demonstrate decrease of the spring high-water runoff layer, while 30% demonstrate the increase. Runoff alterations are statistically significant only at 35 % of individual catchments. On the average in the Volga River the runoff value at individual catchments with the runoff volume negative trend, this value decreased by approximately 10% over the past thirty years. It has been shown that the snowmelt runoff depends on the wide range of hydro/meteorological, physical and physical/geographic factors that are often correlated. Results of laboratory/field investigations and mathematical simulation were used for analysis of physical regularities of the snowmelt runoff formation processes that caused its variability. It has been shown that maximal snow resource and precipitation of the flood period are the main climatic factors that determine the spring flood runoff. The substrate surface factors act as intermediate regulators; they intensify or reduce the climatic factors’ role and ultimately determine the spring flood runoff variations trend. The proposal is to use the total volume of spring/winter precipitation as well as the winter air temperature as the main predictors for the spring flood long-term forecast.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Helminths of Moor Frog Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 (Amphibia: Anura) in the Volga Basin

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Igor V. Chikhlyaev ◽  
Alexander B. Ruchin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Position ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Rana Arvalis ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Spirometra Erinacei ◽  
First Time ◽  
Moor Frog

This is the first review of the helminth fauna of the moor frog Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842 from the Volga river basin (Russia). The article summarizes the authors’ and literature data on the helminthic fauna of this species. The method of complete helminthological dissection was used. Thirthy-eight helminth species were recorded from three classes: Cestoda (1), Trematoda (28), and Chromadorea (9). Nine helminth species are new to the moor frog in Russia: trematodes Gorgodera varsoviensis Sinitzin, 1905, Strigea falconis Szidat, 1928, larvae, Neodiplostomum spathoides Dubois, 1937, larvae, Tylodelphys excavata (Rudolphi, 1803), larvae, Pharyngostomum cordatum (Diesing, 1850), larvae, Astiotrema monticelli Stossich, 1904, larvae and Encyclometra colubrimurorum (Rudolphi, 1819), larvae, nematodes Strongyloides spiralis Grabda-Kazubska, 1978 and Icosiella neglecta (Diesing, 1851). The cestode Spirometra erinacei (Rudolphi, 1918), larvae were observed of this amphibian species in the Volga basin for the first time. The nematodes Rhabdias bufonis, Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and the trematode Haplometra cylindracea form the core of the helminth fauna of the moor frog. Information on species of helminths includes systematic position, localization, areas of detection, type and scheme of life cycle, geographical distribution, and degree of specificity to host amphibians.

Advancement in Research of Hydrological Processes Simulation for Karst Region and Future Challenges

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4104-4110
Author(s):  
Xian Meng Meng ◽  
Bang Yang ◽  
Xian Wu Xue
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Mechanism Model ◽  
Macro Scale

Hydrological processes simulation is an effective way for water resources evaluation and can provide scientific basis for sustainable utilization of water resources and ecological environment restoration. Compared with traditional watershed hydrological processes, hydrological processes in karst region have their unique in runoff generation and concentration stage because of the complexity and multiplicity of karst aquifer system. This paper reviews the two stages of hydrological processes simulation method in karst region: 1. systematic simulation model stage; 2. process based mechanism model stage. By analyzing the characteristics and limitation of two kinds of models, the tendency of future karst hydrological processes simulation method in two aspects are discussed: 1. quasi physically based model balancing physical senses and data richness; 2. scale adaptable model based on macro-scale applicable equations.

scholarly journals Initial stages of two Neolithisation models in the Lower Volga basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Alexander Vybornov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Production Economy ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
Lower Volga

In this paper, two groups of ancient sites located in the Lower Volga River basin are analysed. The first group is linked to the emergence of the oldest pottery in this region, which is one of the most ancient in Europe. The presence of this feature of the ‘Neolithic package’ can be dated to the middle of the 7th millenium BC. A production economy is a particular feature of the second group of sites, which can be dated to the end of the 6th millenium BC. This is one of the earliest pieces of evidence of the existence of domesticated species in Eastern Europe. These two groups of sites show the initial stages of two Neolithisation models in the Lower Volga basin.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Spring High-water and Flood Runoff in the Upper Volga Basin under the Climate Change Impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-28
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
High Water ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Snow Storage ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Annual Distribution

An increase in the average annual air temperature in the European territory of Russia against the background of climate change leads to a decrease in water reserves in the flood-forming snow cover. At the same time, an increase in the number of transitions of air temperature through 0 ° С in the area of positive values in winter leads not only to an additional reduction in snow storage by the beginning, but also ensures an increase in the number and size of thaw floods. Changes in the intra-annual distribution of the range and intensity of precipitation entail an increase in the number and magnitude of rainfall floods. Observed transformations in the types of feeding and water regime of the rivers of the basin. Methods. The study posed the task of studying climate change on the hydrological regime of rivers in the Upper Volga basin. To solve it, methods were used to determine the methods for determining the runoff components based on the dismemberment of the hydrograph using the GrWat software package and mapping the results of the results. As part of this task, more than two thousand hydrographs were analyzed, and their long-term trends were analyzed. Results. The analysis showed that on some rivers of the region the volume of flood runoff is already comparable to the volume of flood runoff, which is not typical for the river-European type of water regime. It was found that for some rivers in the region, the volume of runoff during high water decreased by more than 50%, while the volume of runoff during the period of rainfall floods increased by more than 80%,while in the period of thaw practically by 100%.

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