Stressinduzierte Herabsetzung der Aufmerksamkeit bei jungen Erwachsenen mit ADHS-ähnlicher Symptomatik

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhold G. Laessle ◽  
Edith Hansen-Spinger
Keyword(s):  
Stress Test ◽  
Median Split

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Modelle zur Aufrechterhaltung des ADHS-Syndroms postulieren, dass die allgemeine Aufmerksamkeitsleistung und damit auch die Selbstaufmerksamkeit durch Stress vermindert werden kann. Fragestellung: In der Studie wurde geprüft, ob sich dieser Effekt bereits bei Personen aus der gesunden Bevölkerung zeigt, die einen hohen Ausprägungsgrad an ADHS-ähnlicher Symptomatik aufweisen. Methode: 84 Männer mit einem mittleren Alter von 23 Jahren wurden getestet. Die Stressinduktion erfolgte durch mentale Arithmetik aus dem Trier Sozial Stress-Test. Die Aufmerksamkeitsleistung wurde mit dem Frankfurter Aufmerksamkeitsinventar gemessen. Die Gruppierung der Probanden erfolgte durch Median-Split aufgrund der Selbstbeurteilungsskala aus den Homburger ADHS-Skalen für Erwachsene in solche mit hoher bzw. niedriger ADHS-Tendenz. Ergebnisse: Bezüglich der Aufmerksamkeitsleistung zeigte sich der erwartete Interaktionseffekt (Gruppierung × Bedingung) mit schlechterer Leistung nach Stress nur für Personen mit hoher ADHS-Tendenz (p < .002). Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse deuten auf den Nutzen der Einbeziehung spezifischer stressbezogener Bausteine in Behandlungsprogramme für ADHS-Patienten hin.

scholarly journals Cortisol and C-Reactive Protein Vary During Sleep Loss and Recovery but Are Not Markers of Neurobehavioral Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika M. Yamazaki ◽  
Caroline A. Antler ◽  
Courtney E. Casale ◽  
Laura E. MacMullen ◽  
Adrian J. Ecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Median Split

Cortisol and C-reactive protein (CRP) typically change during total sleep deprivation (TSD) and psychological stress; however, it remains unknown whether these biological markers can differentiate robust individual differences in neurobehavioral performance and self-rated sleepiness resulting from these stressors. Additionally, little is known about cortisol and CRP recovery after TSD. In our study, 32 healthy adults (ages 27–53; mean ± SD, 35.1 ± 7.1 years; 14 females) participated in a highly controlled 5-day experiment in the Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA), a high-fidelity National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space analog isolation facility, consisting of two baseline nights, 39 h TSD, and two recovery nights. Psychological stress was induced by a modified Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) on the afternoon of TSD. Salivary cortisol and plasma CRP were obtained at six time points, before (pre-study), during [baseline, the morning of TSD (TSD AM), the afternoon of TSD (TSD PM), and recovery], and after (post-study) the experiment. A neurobehavioral test battery, including measures of behavioral attention and cognitive throughput, and a self-report measure of sleepiness, was administered 11 times. Resilient and vulnerable groups were defined by a median split on the average TSD performance or sleepiness score. Low and high pre-study cortisol and CRP were defined by a median split on respective values at pre-study. Cortisol and CRP both changed significantly across the study, with cortisol, but not CRP, increasing during TSD. During recovery, cortisol levels did not return to pre-TSD levels, whereas CRP levels did not differ from baseline. When sex was added as a between-subject factor, the time × sex interaction was significant for cortisol. Resilient and vulnerable groups did not differ in cortisol and CRP, and low and high pre-study cortisol/CRP groups did not differ on performance tasks or self-reported sleepiness. Thus, both cortisol and CRP reliably changed in a normal, healthy population as a result of sleep loss; however, cortisol and CRP were not markers of neurobehavioral resilience to TSD and stress in this study.

Messung der Stimmfrequenz im Paargespräch – Chancen für Diagnostik und Intervention in der Paartherapie

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisanne J. Bulling ◽  
Isabella C. Bertschi ◽  
Céline C. Stadelmann ◽  
Tina Niederer ◽  
Guy Bodenmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test

Zusammenfassung. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die bisherigen empirischen Befunde zur Sprachgrundfrequenz (f0) in Paargesprächen vor und untersucht, wie sich die f0 nach einer experimentellen Stressinduktion im anschließenden spontanen Gespräch zwischen den Partner_innen verändert, wie die f0 mit der verbalen Stressäußerung zusammenhängt und wie sie zwischen den beiden Partner_innen kovariiert. Von 128 heterosexuellen Paaren nahm jeweils eine Person pro Paar am Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) teil. Die dem TSST vorangehende und anschließende naturalistische Interaktion zwischen den Partner_innen wurde gefilmt und nach Gesprächsthema und Art der Stressäußerung kodiert. Wie vorherige Studien zur f0 im Paargespräch zeigte auch die vorliegende Studie, dass die f0 wichtige Informationen über die Partnerschaft enthält. Während eine Erhöhung der f0 in Gesprächen über einen paarinternen Stressor (d.h. bei Konfliktgesprächen) mit negativen Kommunikationsmustern einherging, zeigte die vorliegende Studie, dass die f0 bei Gesprächen über einen paarexternen Stressor (d.h. beim TSST) mit emotionsorientierten Stressäußerungen einherging, also einer für den Stressbewältigungsprozess förderlichen Art der Kommunikation. Die Oszillatorenmodelle zeigen darüber hinaus, dass eine Kopplung der f0 zwischen den Partner_innen besteht, was darauf hindeutet, dass die nicht gestressten Partner_innen auf die paraverbalen Stressäußerungen der gestressten Partner_innen mit ihren eigenen paraverbalen Stressäußerungen reagieren.

Paradoxical Hypotension during Dobutamine Infusion for Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (08) ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
B. Caner ◽  
E. Atalar ◽  
A. Karanfil ◽  
L. Tokgözoğlu ◽  
E. L. Ergün
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Dobutamine Infusion ◽  
Perfusion Scintigraphy ◽  
Tilt Table ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Group A

Summary Aim: Dobutamine as a predominant beta-1 agonist increases heart rate and myocardial contractility and at sufficient high doses, it also increases systolic blood pressure. This study was undertaken to describe instances of paradoxical hypotension during dobutamine infusion for TI-201 myocardial perfusion SPECT study and the relationship between scintigraphic findings and hypotension occurred during dobutamine infusion. Methods: In 201 consecutive patients unable to perform adequate exercise, dobutamine TI-201 myocardial SPECT was performed. Dobutamine was infused starting from 10 μg/kg/min increasing to 40 μg/kg/min. Paradoxical hypotension was defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure ≥ 20 mmHg compared with baseline study. Results: Paradoxical hypotension was observed in 40 patients (Group A) out of 201 (19.9%) while no significant change in systolic blood pressure was detected in the remaining 161 patients (Group B). Mean maximum fall in systolic blood pressure was 39 ± 18 mmHg (range: 20-90). In 33 of 40 patients (83%) with paradoxical hypotension, scintigraphy was normal compared to 131 (81%) of the remaining 161 patients. In patients of Group A, angiography, echocardiography and tilt table tests were performed in 13, 11 and 6 patients respectively. Nine of 13 angiographic evaluations (69%), 10 of 11 echocardiographic evaluations (91%), all of the tilt table tests were normal. Additionally, all of the patients of Group A were clinically followed up at least 6 months after the myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. None of the patients had a cardiac event except one patient during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Paradoxical hypotension during dobutamine infusion for myocardial scintigraphy is not an uncommon finding and up to 19.9% patients may develop such hypotension. To maximize test safety, precautions should be taken during dobutamine myocardial stress test, since remarkable decrease in systolic blood pressure may occur. Unlike hypotension occurring with exercise test, hypotension response to dobutamine is not always a marker for coronary artery disease.

The Systemic Effects of Prudential Regulation Toughening:The Results of a Stress-test for Russian Banks

2012 ◽  
pp. 4-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mamonov ◽  
A. Pestova ◽  
O. Solntsev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Prudential Regulation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability

The stability of Russian banking sector is threatened by three negative tendencies - overheating of the credit market, significant decrease of banks capital adequacy ratios, and growing problems associated with banks lending to affiliated non-financial corporations. The co-existence of these processes reflects the crisis of the model of private investments in Russian banking sector, which was observed during the last 20 years. This paper analyzes the measures of the Bank of Russia undertaken to maintain the stability of the banking sector using the methodology of credit risk stress-testing. Based on this methodology we conclude that the Bank of Russias actions can prevent the overheating of the credit market, but they can also lead to undesirable effects: further expansion of the government ownership in Russian banking sector and substitution of domestic credit supply by cross-border corporate borrowings. The later weakens the competitive positions of Russian banks. We propose a set of measures to harmonize the prudential regulation of banks. Our suggestions rely on design and further implementation of the programs aimed at developing new markets for financial services provided by Russian banks to their corporate and retail customers. The estimated effects of proposed policy measures are both the increase in profitability and capitalization of Russian banks and the decrease of banks demand for government support.

Stress-testing Russian Banking System: Will Banks Need Government Assistance Again?

2010 ◽  
pp. 61-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Solntsev ◽  
A. Pestova ◽  
M. Mamonov
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Government Assistance ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Remote Stress ◽  
Capital Injections

The article analyzes factors that affect growth of the share of non-performing loans in the loan portfolio of Russian banks and proposes approaches for this share forecasting on the basis of dynamics of macroeconomic indicators. It also deals with methodological issues of remote stress-test of lending agencies. Using the results of conducted stress-test of Russian banks the authors assess their perspective capital needs in 2010 and estimate the share of government assistance in capital injections. Furthermore, the authors define the scale of vulnerable banks groups in the Russian banking sector.

Median-Split

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Wassili Lasarov ◽  
Stefan Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Median Split

Life-threatening Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Mrejen-Shakin ◽  
Ricardo Lopez ◽  
Mohandas M Shenoy ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Apical Ballooning ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Life Threatening

Objective:To report a case of seizure-induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy with rare etiology and rarer complications.Methods:A 50-year-old woman had multiple epileptic seizures and later developed acute heart failure complicated by ventricular fibrillation and shock. A two-dimensional echocardiogram revealed apical ballooning of the left ventricle resembling a takotsubo (a Japanese fisherman's pot used to trap octopi). The apex was also hypokinetic.Results:The hemodynamic abnormalities normalized with defibrillation, assisted ventilation, inotropic support, and pressor agents. More importantly, the apical ballooning deformity and systolic dysfunction reversed. The echocardiogram normalized three months later. A nuclear treadmill stress test was negative for ischemia.Conclusions:Apical ballooning of the left ventricle and hypokinesis are typical echocardiographic features in takotsubo cardiomyopathy, a stress-induced heart disease. It may follow severe emotional, physical, and neurologic stressors, in our rare case, grand mal seizures (0.2 % of all takotsubo disease patients). Also rare are life-threatening complications. Based on these observations, in a case with severe stress followed by acute heart failure, takotsubo cardiomyopathy should be a major diagnostic consideration. The dramatic initial triggering event, in our case an epileptic seizure, should not mask the possibility of coexisting takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Awareness of this disease, anticipation of complications, and two-dimensional echocardiography will help channel the management in the right direction.

Characterization of CMOS Structures (0.6 µm process) Submitted to HBM and COM ESD Stress Tests

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Meneghesso ◽  
E. Zanoni ◽  
P. Colombo ◽  
M. Brambilla ◽  
R. Annunziata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrostatic Discharge ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Emission Microscopy ◽  
Fast Rise ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In this work, we present new results concerning electrostatic discharge (ESD) robustness of 0.6 μm CMOS structures. Devices have been tested according to both HBM and socketed CDM (sCDM) ESD test procedures. Test structures have been submitted to a complete characterization consisting in: 1) measurement of the tum-on time of the protection structures submitted to pulses with very fast rise times; 2) ESD stress test with the HBM and sCDM models; 3) failure analysis based on emission microscopy (EMMI) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

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