Effects of Total Sleep Deprivation on Cardiovascular Parameters: An Absence of Biologically Significant Findings?

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Miró ◽  
Carmen Cano ◽  
Gualberto Buela-Casal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
The Third

Abstract The present study analyzes the variations of heart rate (HR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) during 60 h of total sleep deprivation (TSD). All variables were evaluated every 2 h in a resting condition, during the performance of a vigilance task. Thirty healthy volunteers (15 men and 15 women) from 18 to 24 years old participated in the experiment. The analyses of variance (ANOVAS) with repeated measures showed some modifications of HR and SBP mean values mainly marked by circadian oscillations. The circadian oscillations had a smaller amplitude for SBP than for HR. HR showed a slight decrease on the second night of TSD and a slight increase on the third day of TSD. SBP decreased during the first 24 h of TSD and after that maintained its values without significant changes. DBP did not show any significant variations during TSD. In addition, there were no differences in function of gender for the TSD effect on the studied variables. All these statistically significant findings, however, seem to have no biological or clinical relevance. These aspects as well as the possible relationships between our results and activation or stress levels during TSD are discussed.

The Effects of 48 Hours Total Sleep Deprivation on Human Physiology, Mood, and Memory

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 625-629
Author(s):  
Mary L. Rankin ◽  
Georgia Latham ◽  
Robert D. Peters ◽  
David M. Penetar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

Previous research regarding the effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on human physiology and mood has yielded conflicting results. These findings may in part be due to the use of small sample sizes and the failure to separate out the pure effects of SD from those of circadian rhythms during data analysis. One purpose of this study was to clearly identify the effects of 48 hours of SD on blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, and mood by overcoming the limitations of previous research. A second purpose was to evaluate the effects of SD on recognition memory. A repeated measures design was employed to collect physiological, mood, and memory data over a 48 hour period. While strong circadian rhythms were observed for most of the physiological and mood variables, recognition memory was unaffected by 48 hours of SD.

Abstract 3661: “Energy Drink” Consumption Causes Increases in Blood Pressure and Heart Rate

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Steinke ◽  
James S Kalus ◽  
Vishnuprabha Dhanapal ◽  
David E Lanfear ◽  
Helen D Berlie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Energy Drink Consumption ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Observation Period

Introduction: “Energy drinks” are very popular and are used frequently, especially by young adults. Most marketed energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine and taurine. Both caffeine and taurine have been shown to have direct effects on cardiac function and hemodynamic status. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that a commonly used energy drink alters blood pressure, heart rate and EKG parameters in healthy volunteers. Methods: Healthy volunteers (n = 15, 53% female, 25.9 ± 5.9 years, 69.8 ± 14.8 kg) abstained from caffeine for 48 hours prior to and throughout the study period. On study day 1 (D1), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and an EKG were measured at baseline. Participants then consumed 500 mL (2 cans) of an energy drink containing caffeine (80 mg) and taurine (1000 mg) and BP, HR and EKG measurements were repeated at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after consumption. Participants then consumed 2 cans of energy drink daily for the next 5 days (D2–D6). On day 7 (D7) the procedures followed on D1 were repeated. Average baseline measurements on days 1 and 7 were compared to maximum values during that observation period. Results: On both D1 and D7, maximum mean systolic BP, HR and corrected QT-interval (QTc) occurred at 4 hours. Maximum diastolic BP occurred at 2 hours on D1 and D7. Baseline and maximum mean values are presented in Table 1 . Within 4 hours of energy drink consumption on D1 and D7 respectively, systolic BP increased by 7.9% (p = 0.006) and 9.6% (p < 0.001), HR increased by 7.8% (p = 0.009) and 11.0% (p < 0.001) and QTc increased by 4.5% (p = 0.368) and 5.5% (p = 0.052). Diastolic BP increased by 7.0% (p = 0.046) and 7.8% (p = 0.063) within 2 hours of energy drink consumption. Conclusions: In conclusion, although no significant EKG changes were observed, subjects’ HR increased 5–7 bpm and systolic BP increased 10mmHg after consuming an “energy drink”. This level of change is likely clinically significant in patients with cardiac disease or those who consume such drinks regularly. Table 1. Baseline and Maximum Values (mean ± SD)

Caffeine and Placebo Expectation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Sun ◽  
Yinling Zhang ◽  
Ning He ◽  
Xufeng Liu ◽  
Danmin Miao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pressure Tests ◽  
Healthy Males

Abstract. Caffeine placebo expectation seems to improve vigilance and cognitive performance. This study investigated the effect of caffeine and placebo expectation on vigilance and cognitive performance during 28 h sleep deprivation. Ten healthy males volunteered to take part in the double-blind, cross-over study, which required participants to complete five treatment periods of 28 h separated by 1-week wash-out intervals. The treatments were no substance (Control); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 (C200); placebo 200 mg at 00:00 (P200); twice caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and 04:00 (C200-C200); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and placebo 200 mg at 04:00 (C200-P200). Participants were told that all capsules were caffeine and given information about the effects of caffeine to increase expectation. Vigilance was assessed by a three-letter cancellation test, cognitive functions by the continuous addition test and Stroop test, and cardiovascular regulation by heart rate and blood pressure. Tests were performed bihourly from 00:00 to 10:00 of the second day. Results indicated that C200-P200 and C200-C200 were more alert (p < .05) than Control and P200. Their cognitive functions were higher (p < .05) than Control and P200. Also, C200-P200 scored higher than C200 in the letter cancellation task (p < .05). No test showed any significant differences between C200-P200 and C200-C200. The results demonstrated that the combination of caffeine 200 mg and placebo 200 mg expectation exerted prolonged positive effects on vigilance and cognitive performance.

Compression Stocking Length Effects on Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Following Head-Up Tilt in Healthy Volunteers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Tokumiya ◽  
Yumiko Ishihara ◽  
Yumiko Kohira ◽  
Tetsuro Katafuchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Compression Stocking ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Length Effects

Effects of S-adenosyl-methionine on plasma norepinephrine, blood pressure, and heart rate in healthy volunteers

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Sherer ◽  
Giulio L. Cantoni ◽  
Robert N. Golden ◽  
Matthew V. Rudorfer ◽  
William Z. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Adenosyl Methionine

Normative Arm and Calf Blood Pressure Values in the Newborn

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243
Author(s):  
Myung K. Park ◽  
Da-Hae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Coarctation Of The Aorta ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Right ◽  
Diagnosis Of Hypertension ◽  
Mean Heart Rate

Indirect BP measurement was obtained in the right upper arm in 219 healthy newborn infants with the Dinamap monitor and was compared with values obtained from the calf to establish normative BP values and to help establish a diagnosis of hypertension and coarctation of the aorta in the newborn. There were 174 Mexican-Americans (79.5%), 33 whites (15.0%), and 12 blacks (5.5%). The width of the BP cuff was selected to be 0.4 to 0.5 times the circumference of the extremities. Three supine position readings of BPs and heart rate were obtained from each site and were averaged for statistical analyses. Mean arm BP values (±SD) of the neonate less than 36 hours of age were 62.6±6.9/38.9± 5.7 mm Hg (48.0±6.2 mm Hg). Neonates older than 36 hours had slightly but significantly (P&lt;.05) greater values (4 to 6 mm Hg) than did infants younger than 36 hours of age. Active neonates had values 6 to 10 mm Hg greater than quiet neonates (P&lt;.05). BP values in the calf obtained with the same-sized cuff were almost identical with those obtained from the arm. Differences in consecutively obtained arm and calf BPs (arm values minus calf values) were 1.1±7.7 mm Hg systolic, -0.01 ± 6.2 mm Hg diastolic, and 0.9 ±6.9 mm Hg mean pressures. Mean heart rate (±SD) of neonates less than 36 hours of age was 129.4± 13.2 beats per minute and that of neonates older than 36 hours of age was 139.4± 14.1 beats per minute. These results show the following: (1) arm BPs and calf BPs using the same-sized cuff are almost identical with mean values of approximately 65/ 41 mm Hg (50 mm Hg) in neonates one to three days of age, (2) arm BP of 75/49 mm Hg (59 mm Hg) or greater is in the hypertensive range, and (3) calf BPs that are less than arm BPs by mean + 1 SD (6 to 9 mm Hg) necessitate a thorough investigation for coarctation of the aorta.

Physiological Assessment of Bagpipers: A Preliminary Study of Cardiopulmonary Parameters

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Deborah Barr ◽  
Lee Van Dusen ◽  
Steve Ess ◽  
Julie Plezbert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Impedance Cardiograph ◽  
Cardiac Adaptation ◽  
Automatic Blood Pressure ◽  
Predicted Values

This study examined pulmonary function of pipers and cardiac adaptation to the playing of the Great Highland bagpipe. Pipers (n = 13) of varying ages (31-65 years) and playing experiences (2-20+ years) were evaluated for vital capacity (VC), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), and forced vital capacity (FVC) using a RIKO AS-600 spirometer. Subjects were monitored by impedance cardiograph for heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) at rest and during 5 minutes of playing. An automatic blood pressure (BP) monitor collected BP values over the same time period. Eleven weeks after initial cardiac data collection, the BP and cardiac measurements were repeated using the same protocols. Mean values for HR, SV, and CO were calculated for rest and each minute (1-5) of playing. A 2 (data session) by 6 (rest, min 1–5) repeated-measures ANOVA was performed. Analysis revealed a significant overall time effect (p < 0.001) on HR. A-priori contrast comparing all playing times with rest showed significant differences at all time points. Analysis of SV and CO failed to find significance. Heart rate values calculated for percent of maximum ranged from 68% to 89% of maximum overall while playing (session 1) and from 55% to 81% of maximum (session 2). Predicted percent of maximum values for VC and MVV found 77% of players above their maximum predicted values.

Ramadan and blood pressure: importance of chronotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Bejar ◽  
I Zairi ◽  
I Ben Mrad ◽  
B Besbes ◽  
K Mzoughi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Average Heart Rate ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Cardiology Department ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background During Ramadan, alterations in the daily patterns of sleep, activities and medication timing might contribute to changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate among hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of medication timing during Ramadan on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive subjects taking their treatment once daily. Methods The study prospectively recruited 44 hypertensive patients between April and June 2019, followed up at the cardiology department of our   Hospital. A 24-hour pressure monitoring was carried out during two periods: prior to Ramadan and during the last ten days of Ramadan. Results We studied 29 women and 15 men, mean age was 58.7 years. 34% of the patients were diabetics and 16% had coronaropathy. 46% of the patients were on monotherapy, 43% on dual therapy and 11% on a triple antihypertensive therapy. During Ramadan, 57% of the patients took their treatment during the dinner (group1), whereas 43% took their treatment during the Shour (group 2). Average 24hour blood pressure in the whole group was 129 ± 18/74 ± 10 mmHg before Ramadan and 129 ± 19/74 ± 10 mmHg during Ramadan (p &gt; 0.05). Daytime and nighttime mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as mean values of heart rate were not different between both periods regardless of age and gender. However, during Ramadan, those who took their treatment after dinner had significant higher values of 24 hour systolic BP, awake systolic and diastolic BP, asleep systolic and diastolic BP than those who took their treatment with the shour (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion In this study, there were no significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as heart rate during the 2 periods. However, during Ramadan, a slight superiority of taking the treatment with the shour is observed. Average values of BP and heart rate Group 1 Group 2 p 24 hour SBP (mmHg) 134 ± 23 122 ± 6 0.017 24 hour DBP (mmHg) 76 ± 12 70 ± 5 0.052 Awake SBP (mmHg) 138 ± 23 125 ± 6 0.012 Awake DBP (mmHg) 79 ± 12 73 ± 5 0.044 Asleep SBP (mmHg) 127 ± 26 114 ± 12 0.030 Asleep DBP (mmHg) 71 ± 13 65 ± 7 0.045 24 hour average heart rate (bpm) 71 ± 7 70 ± 6 0.524 Awake average heart rate (bpm) 76 ± 7 74 ± 7 0.322 Asleep average heart rate (bpm) 65 ± 7 65 ± 7 0.931 Average values of blood pressure and heart rate in both groups Abstract Figure. 24hour course of blood pressure

Comparative study on effect of neutral spinal bath and neutral spinal spray on blood pressure, heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arundhati Goley ◽  
A. Mooventhan ◽  
NK. Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Instantaneous Heart Rate

Abstract Background Hydrotherapeutic applications to the head and spine have shown to improve cardiovascular and autonomic functions. There is lack of study reporting the effect of either neutral spinal bath (NSB) or neutral spinal spray (NSS). Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of both NSB and NSS in healthy volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy subjects were recruited and randomized into either neutral spinal bath group (NSBG) or neutral spinal spray group (NSSG). A single session of NSB, NSS was given for 15 min to the NSBG and NSSG, respectively. Assessments were taken before and after the interventions. Results Results of this study showed a significant reduction in low-frequency (LF) to high-frequency (HF) (LF/HF) ratio of heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum in NSBG compared with NSSG (p=0.026). Within-group analysis of both NSBG and NSSG showed a significant increase in the mean of the intervals between adjacent QRS complexes or the instantaneous heart rate (HR) (RRI) (p=0.002; p=0.009, respectively), along with a significant reduction in HR (p=0.002; p=0.004, respectively). But, a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.037) and pulse pressure (PP) (p=0.017) was observed in NSSG, while a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.008), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (p=0.008) and LF/HF ratio (p=0.041) was observed in NSBG. Conclusion Results of the study suggest that 15 min of both NSB and NSS might be effective in reducing HR and improving HRV. However, NSS is particularly effective in reducing SBP and PP, while NSB is particularly effective in reducing DBP and MAP along with improving sympathovagal balance in healthy volunteers.

scholarly journals The QardioArm App in the Assessment of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate: Reliability and Validity Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Mazoteras Pardo ◽  
Marta E Losa Iglesias ◽  
José López Chicharro ◽  
Ricardo Becerro de Bengoa Vallejo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
European Society ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Pressure Monitor ◽  
Mean Values

BACKGROUND Self-measurement of blood pressure is a priority strategy for managing blood pressure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of blood pressure and heart rate following the European Society of Hypertension’s international validation protocol, as measured with the QardioArm, a fully automatic, noninvasive wireless blood pressure monitor and mobile app. METHODS A total of 100 healthy volunteers older than 25 years from the general population of Ciudad Real, Spain, participated in a test-retest validation study with two measurement sessions separated by 5 to 7 days. In each measurement session, seven systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate assessments were taken, alternating between the two devices. The test device was the QardioArm and the previously validated criterion device was the Omron M3. Sessions took place at a single study site with an evaluation room that was maintained at an appropriate temperature and kept free from noises and distractions. RESULTS The QardioArm displayed very consistent readings both within and across sessions (intraclass correlation coefficients=0.80-0.95, standard errors of measurement=2.5-5.4). The QardioArm measurements corresponded closely to those from the criterion device (r>.96) and mean values for the two devices were nearly identical. The QardioArm easily passed all validation standards set by the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol. CONCLUSIONS The QardioArm mobile app has validity and it can be used free of major measurement error.

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