Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Children With Psychiatric Disorders and Typical Development

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dickerson Mayes ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
Fauzia Mahr
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inattentive Type

Background: Children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders are at increased risk for suicide behavior. Aims: This is the first study to compare frequencies of suicide ideation and attempts in children and adolescents with specific psychiatric disorders and typical children while controlling for comorbidity and demographics. Method: Mothers rated the frequency of suicide ideation and attempts in 1,706 children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and typical development, 6–18 years of age. Results: For the typical group, 0.5% had suicide behavior (ideation or attempts), versus 24% across the psychiatric groups (bulimia 48%, depression or anxiety disorder 34%, oppositional defiant disorder 33%, ADHD-combined type 22%, anorexia 22%, autism 18%, intellectual disability 17%, and ADHD-inattentive type 8%). Most alarming, 29% of adolescents with bulimia often or very often had suicide attempts, compared with 0–4% of patients in the other psychiatric groups. Conclusion: It is important for professionals to routinely screen all children and adolescents who have psychiatric disorders for suicide ideation and attempts and to treat the underlying psychiatric disorders that increase suicide risk.

Childhood and adolescent mental health of NICU graduates: an observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 684-689
Author(s):  
Andreea Chiorean ◽  
Calan Savoy ◽  
Karen Beattie ◽  
Salhab el Helou ◽  
Maysoon Silmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health of children and adolescents admitted to neonatal intensive/special care units (NICUs) in infancy.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used a provincially representative cohort from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study. Parents provided data on psychiatric disorders using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents in 3141 children aged 4–11 years (NICU n=389; control n=2752) and in 2379 children aged 12–17 years (NICU n=298; control n=2081). Additionally, 2235 adolescents aged 12–17 years completed the interview themselves (NICU n=285; control n=1950). Odds of psychiatric disorder were compared in those admitted and controls.ResultsBased on parent reports, NICU graduates aged 4–11 years had increased adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.78 (1.39 to 2.28) for any psychiatric disorder, with a marginal prevalence of 32.4% in NICU participants and 27.6% in controls. At this age, NICU graduates also had increased ORs of 1.74 (1.25 to 2.40) for psychiatric comorbidity, 1.48 (1.04 to 2.11) for oppositional defiant disorder, 1.61 (1.19 to 2.19) for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, 4.11 (2.33 to 7.25) for separation anxiety disorder and 2.13 (1.37 to 3.31) for specific phobia. At 12–17 years, 40.5% and 30.5% of NICU graduates and 30.6% and 17.9% of controls had any psychiatric disorder as reported by parents and self-report, respectively. Parents and adolescents, respectively, reported increased adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.63 (1.18 to 2.26) and 1.55 (1.13 to 2.11) for any disorder, 1.64 (1.06 to 2.54) and 1.74 (1.11 to 2.73) for psychiatric comorbidity, and 1.89 (1.22 to 2.93) and 3.17 (2.03 to 4.95) for oppositional defiant disorder.ConclusionsNICU graduates are at increased risk for psychiatric disorders during childhood and adolescence.

Suicide Ideation and Attempts and Bullying in Children and Adolescents

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dickerson Mayes ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
Ehsan Syed ◽  
Fauzia Mahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Bully Victims ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Studies of the relationship between bullying and suicide behavior yield mixed results. Aims: This is the first study comparing frequencies of suicide behavior in four bullying groups (bully, victim, bully/victim, and neither) in two large psychiatric and community samples of young children and adolescents. Method: Maternal ratings of bullying and suicide ideation and attempts were analyzed for 1,291 children with psychiatric disorders and 658 children in the general population 6–18 years old. Results: For both the psychiatric and community samples, suicide ideation and attempt scores for bully/victims were significantly higher than for victims only and for neither bullies nor victims. Differences between victims only and neither victims nor bullies were nonsignificant. Controlling for sadness and conduct problems, suicide behavior did not differ between the four bullying groups. All children with suicide attempts had a comorbid psychiatric disorder, as did all but two children with suicide ideation. Conclusion: Although the contribution of bullying per se to suicide behavior independent of sadness and conduct problems is small, bullying has obvious negative psychological consequences that make intervention imperative. Interventions need to focus on the psychopathology associated with being a victim and/or perpetrator of bullying in order to reduce suicide behavior.

scholarly journals Proposal for the Inclusion of Tobacco Use in Suicide Risk Scales: Results of a Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6103
Author(s):  
Iván Echeverria ◽  
Miriam Cotaina ◽  
Antonio Jovani ◽  
Rafael Mora ◽  
Gonzalo Haro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Never Smokers

There is an association between smoking and suicide, even though the direction and nature of this relationship remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between smoking and suicidal behaviours (ideation, planning, suicide attempts, and death by suicide). On 24 August 2020, we searched the PubMed, Cochrane library, Scopus, Web of Science, TRIP, and SCIENCE DIRECT databases for relevant articles on this topic. Twenty prospective cohort studies involving 2,457,864 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with never smokers, former and current smokers had an increased risk of death by suicide (relative risk [RR] = 1.31; 95% CI [1.13, 1.52] and RR = 2.41; 95% CI [2.08, 2.80], respectively), ideation (RR = 1.35; 95% CI [1.31, 1.39] and RR = 1.84; 95% CI [1.21, 2.78]), and attempted suicide (RR = 1.27; 95% CI [0.56, 2.87] and RR = 1.71; 95% CI [0.73, 3.97]). Moreover, compared to never smokers, current smoker women (RR = 2.51; 95% CI [2.06–3.04] had an increased risk of taking their own life (Q = 13,591.53; p < 0.001) than current smoker men (RR = 2.06; 95% CI [1.62–2.62]. Furthermore, smoking exposure (former and current smokers) was associated with a 1.74-fold increased risk (95% CI [1.54, 1.96]) of suicidal behaviour (death by suicide, ideation, planning, or attempts). Thus, because of the prospective relationship between smoking and suicidal behaviours, smoking should be included in suicide risk scales as a useful and easy item to evaluate suicide risk.

scholarly journals Suicidality, ethnicity and immigration in the USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1175-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Borges ◽  
R. Orozco ◽  
C. Rafful ◽  
E. Miller ◽  
J. Breslau
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

BackgroundSuicide is the 11th leading cause of death in the USA. Suicide rates vary across ethnic groups. Whether suicide behavior differs by ethnic groups in the USA in the same way as observed for suicide death is a matter of current discussion. The aim of this report was to compare the lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among four main ethnic groups (Asians, Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites) in the USA.MethodSuicide ideation and attempts were assessed using the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI). Discrete time survival analysis was used to examine risk for lifetime suicidality by ethnicity and immigration among 15 180 participants in the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiological Surveys (CPES), a group of cross-sectional surveys.ResultsSuicide ideation was most common among Non-Hispanic Whites (16.10%), least common among Asians (9.02%) and intermediate among Hispanics (11.35%) and Non-Hispanic Blacks (11.82%). Suicide attempts were equally common among Non-Hispanic Whites (4.69%), Hispanics (5.11%) and Non-Hispanic Blacks (4.15%) and less common among Asians (2.55%). These differences in the crude prevalence rates of suicide ideation decreased but persisted after control for psychiatric disorders, but disappeared for suicide attempt. Within ethnic groups, risk for suicidality was low among immigrants prior to migration compared to the US born, but equalized over time after migration.ConclusionsEthnic differences in suicidal behaviors are explained partly by differences in psychiatric disorders and low risk prior to arrival in the USA. These differences are likely to decrease as the US-born proportion of Hispanics and Asians increases.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Disorders and Distal 21q Deletion—A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3096
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Briegel ◽  
Juliane Hoyer
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Partial Deletion ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Increased Risk

Partial deletion of chromosome 21q is a very rare genetic condition with highly variable phenotypic features including heart defects, high or cleft palate, brain malformations (e.g., cerebral atrophy), developmental delay and intellectual disability. So far, there is very limited knowledge about psychiatric disorders and their effective treatment in this special population. To fill this gap, the authors present the case of an initially five-year-old girl with distal deletion (del21q22.2) and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (main psychiatric diagnosis) covering a period of time of almost four years comprising initial psychological/psychiatric assessment, subsequent treatment with Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), and follow-up assessments. Post-intervention results including a 19-month follow-up indicated good overall efficacy of PCIT and high parental satisfaction with the treatment. This case report makes a substantial contribution to enhancing knowledge on psychiatric comorbidity and its effective treatment in patients with terminal 21q deletion. Moreover, it emphasizes the necessity of multidisciplinarity in diagnosis and treatment due to the variety of anomalies associated with 21q deletion. Regular screenings for psychiatric disorders and (if indicated) thorough psychological and psychiatric assessment seem to be reasonable in most affected children, as children with developmental delays are at increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders. As demonstrated with this case report, PCIT seems to be a good choice to effectively reduce disruptive behaviors in young children with partial deletion of chromosome 21q.

Examining Time Perspective Orientation in Suicide Ideation and Suicide Attempts

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-646
Author(s):  
Arezoo Shahnaz ◽  
Boaz Y. Saffer ◽  
E. David Klonsky
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Negative Orientation ◽  
Two Measures

Introduction: Time perspective orientation (TPO) refers to the way an individual psychologically and behaviorally connects to temporal concepts of past, present, and future. Previous studies have hypothesized that certain types of time perspectives, such as a negative orientation towards the past, predict negative psychological functioning and outcomes, including suicide risk. The current study examines whether differences in TPOs are linked to suicidal thoughts or suicidal acts using two measures of time perspective. Methods: We recruited a large online U.S.-based sample comprised of three groups: participants with (a) a history of suicide attempts (attempters; n = 107), (b) a history of suicide ideation but no history of attempts (ideators; n = 164), and (c) no history of ideation or attempts (nonsuicidal; n = 194). Results: A Positive Past (d = 0.71) and Negative Past (d = 0.89) orientation yielded large differences between individuals with a history of suicide ideation and nonsuicidal participants, where Positive Past was elevated among nonsuicidal participants and Negative Past among ideators. These differences were not accounted for by depression or anxiety. However, TPO differences between individuals with a history of suicide ideation and individuals with a history of attempts ranged from negligible to small (d range = 0.03—0.33). Discussion: The findings suggest that time perspective may be robustly associated with the development of suicide ideation, but only minimally related to suicide attempts among ideators.

scholarly journals A review of Suicide Behavior Among Arab Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 674-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Morad ◽  
Efrat Merrick ◽  
Amir Schwarz ◽  
Joav Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Prevention And Intervention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Low Incidence

Islam prohibits the taking of one's life, because this way you will interfere with the work of G-d (Allah), which is clear from several places in the Quran. Concerning individual suicide or suicide attempts in various Arab countries the literature is sparse and the incidence low. In this paper we present a review of research from Israel showing that suicide epidemiology among the Arab population of children and adolescents display a low incidence, but an increase has been observed over the past decade, but still much lower than the Jewish population. We believe that there is a need for the development of prevention and intervention strategies in order to keep this incidence low.

The effectiveness of psychotherapy in the prevention of suicide behavior

Psihiatru ro ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Romulus-Dan Nicoară
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Personal Therapy ◽  
Suicide Behavior ◽  
Dialectic Behavior Therapy ◽  
Borderline Disorder ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Global Health Problem

Suicide is a global health problem, causing almost a million of deaths worldwide. Suicide tendencies can be controlled, and suicide risk can be treated. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and dialectic behavior therapy (DBT) are the most frequent and effective psychotherapies. Cognitive behavior approach consists in two models of intervention in case of suicide risk: cognitive behavior psychotherapy for prevention, and mindfulness (contemplative meditation). Dialectic behavior therapy is used to treat people with multiple suicide attempts and self-harm tendencies. Lately, the method has become the standard for the treatment of people suffering from borderline disorder. Inter-personal therapy (IPT) is a short type of psychotherapy, well structured and documented, used to treat people suffering from acute major depression, but the method has been used lately to prevent new episodes of depression by solving interpersonal problems.

scholarly journals Suicide Ideation and Attempts among First Nations Peoples Living On-Reserve in Canada: The Intergenerational and Cumulative Effects of Indian Residential Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Jane McQuaid ◽  
Amy Bombay ◽  
Opal Arilla McInnis ◽  
Courtney Humeny ◽  
Kimberly Matheson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Residential Schools ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Objective: Suicide rates among Indigenous peoples in Canada are at least twice that of their non-Indigenous counterparts. Although contemporary stressors contribute to this increased risk, historical experiences such as the Indian Residential School (IRS) system may also have continuing links with the risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The current investigation examined the intergenerational and cumulative links between familial IRS attendance in relation to lifetime suicide ideation and attempts among First Nations adults living on-reserve. Method: Data from the 2008-2010 First Nations Regional Health Survey were analyzed, and participants comprised a representative sample of First Nations adults older than 18 years (weighted N = 127,338; IRS attendees were excluded). Of those who knew their familial IRS history, 38.0% had no history of attendance, 19.3% had a grandparent who attended, 16.2% had a parent who attended, and 26.5% had a parent and grandparent who attended. Results: Exposure of one previous familial generation to the IRS experience was associated with increased risk for lifetime suicide ideation (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 1.84; P = 0.001) and attempts (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.94; P < 0.016) compared with those with no IRS history. Having 2 generations of IRS familial history was associated with greater odds of reporting a suicide attempt compared with having one generation (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.75; P = 0.022), which was reduced when current levels of distress and ideation were accounted for. Conclusion: Findings support the existence of linkages between intergenerational exposure to IRS and risk for suicidal ideation and attempts and for a potential cumulative risk in relation to suicide attempts across generations.

Psychiatric disorders and suicide attempts among adolescents victimized by school bullying

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Rong Bang ◽  
Jae Hong Park
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

Objective: We conducted a cross-sectional school-based study to investigate psychiatric disorders and suicide risk among adolescents victimized by bullying. Method: The study was designed in two stages. In the screening stage, 33,038 middle school students were screened for psychopathology. Next, in the face-to-face interview stage, 1196 participants were assessed for psychiatric disorders using a structured diagnostic instrument. We also collected information about the participants’ experiences of bullying and history of suicidal ideation/attempts. Results: The results indicate that adolescents with a history of bullying victimization were more likely to be diagnosed with depression and psychosis than those without such a history. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that bullying victimization was significantly associated with suicide attempts even after adjusting for demographic characteristics, depression and psychosis. Conclusions: Bullying victimization is a risk factor for depression, psychosis, and suicide ideation and attempts. The findings warrant an early intervention and suicide prevention program for victimized students and anti-bullying policies in schools.

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