Categories of Alcohol Consumers

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-214
Author(s):  
Claude Tomberg
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
The Brain

Common patterns of alcohol consumption are described with their main criteria, blood alcohol levels, and diagnostic criteria. Binge drinking, an acute alcohol intoxication pattern of particularly concern, is also described, as it appears to be the most common pattern among teenagers when the brain is not yet mature. A number of classification schemes have been proposed specially for social drinking and alcohol dependence, and discussions still surround about them. The article summarize a consensus in classification.

Effect of acute alcohol intoxication on steroid output of rat adrenals in vitro

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Kalant ◽  
Rosemary D. Hawkins ◽  
Caroline Czaja
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Rat Adrenals ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels

Ethyl alcohol, 2 g/kg in 20% solution, was given to rats by gavage and the adrenals were removed 1 1/2 hr later and incubated in vitro. Their corticosteroid production was not significantly different from that of glands from water-treated or untreated controls. However, when this dose of alcohol was administered by intraperitoneal injection, a significant elevation in adrenal steroid output was observed. Increasing the dose of alcohol to 4 g/kg by stomach tube also evoked an increased adrenocortical response, but when this total dose was divided into two spaced doses, each one of 2 g/kg by stomach tube, 1 1/2 hr apart, no significant alteration in adrenocortical production was observed, despite higher blood alcohol levels and equally deep intoxication. Thus, although the blood alcohol level attained may influence the activity of the adrenal cortex, the rate of change in blood and tissue alcohol levels also seems to be a significant factor in determining whether adrenal cortical stimulation will occur. None of the treatments appeared to modify the relative proportions of the various steroids released.

ALCOHOL-INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA AND COMA CAUSED BY ALCOHOL SPONGING

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-447
Author(s):  
Malcolm H. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Tepid Water

The inhalation of ethyl or isopropylalcohol vapor during sponge bathing may result in alcohol intoxication and coma. Ingestion of these alcohols may cause hypoglycemia in children or adults. The present case is the first reported in which alcohol-induced hypoglycemia developed following inhalation of alcohol. A six month-old male infant became comatose following sponge bathing with ethyl alcohol. He was found to have acute alcohol intoxication (blood alcohol 220 mg per 100 ml) and severe hypoglycemia (blood glucose 22 mg per 100 ml). The administration of 50% glucose in water intravenously resulted in prompt recovery. Alcohol sponging to lower elevated temperature is rarely necessary. Cooling with tepid water is effective and considerably less hazardous; the addition of alcohol is not necessary.

Blood Alcohol and Social Drinking

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Flanagan ◽  
G. K. Lochridge ◽  
J.G. Henry ◽  
A. J. Hadlow ◽  
P. A. Hamer
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
High Risk Category ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
Considerable Individual Variation

A field study was carried out using 131 volunteers in an attempt to relate alcohol consumption at 12 social functions with actual blood alcohol levels under reasonably controlled conditions. Food, taken at 7 of these functions, caused an unpredictable delay in alcohol absorption and some subjects had blood alcohol figures approaching recently defined ‘high risk’ levels. Better correlation was found at those functions without food intake, but again there was considerable individual variation. In 36 subjects samples were taken on the following morning. About 12 per cent showed significantly raised levels but all were under the legal limit for driving. The authors are concerned that other factors in addition to the alcohol level should be considered before a driver is placed in the ‘high risk’ category.

An effect of cabergoline on alcohol consumption and DRD2 expression in the brain of rats with chronic alcohol intoxication

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11. Vyp. 2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Shamakina ◽  
T. V. Proskuryakova ◽  
V. A. Shokhonova ◽  
E. V. Ulyanova ◽  
P. K. Anokhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Alcohol-related attendances in French emergency departments in 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fouillet ◽  
C Palle ◽  
S Charpentier ◽  
C Caserio-Schönemann
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Heavy Burden ◽  
La Réunion Island

Abstract Background France is one of the leading countries in terms of daily alcohol consumption per inhabitant. Alcohol is a major concern for emergency department (ED) since it accounts for a large part of their resources and increases behavior problems resulting in violence against staff. Individual information of French ED attendances registered in OSCOUR network are daily collected by Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency. This study aims at describing alcohol-related ED attendances (ARA) in 2017 in France. Methods The OSCOUR network included 677 ED in 2017 recording 92% of national attendances. ARA were identified through the main and associated medical diagnoses coded by physicians using ICD10. The study considered acute alcohol intoxication, dependence syndrome/withdrawal state, other mental disorders and intoxications due to alcohol, chronic complications and intentional self-poisoning by alcohol. The number of ARA was analyzed by age group, gender and region. Results 1.4% of total attendances were associated to alcohol consumption (202,184 attendances) in 2017. 68% of ARA were due to acute alcohol intoxication and 14% for dependence syndrome/withdrawal state. The highest proportions of ARA were observed for people aged 40-59 yo and 18-24 yo, particularly for women. Regions of North and West metropolitan France and La Réunion Island had the highest proportion of ARA among the total number of attendances. Conclusions The part of ARA in France is consistent with figures provided in international studies using similar data. This proportion is similar with proportion of major public health issues like influenza, that represented 1% of the total ED attendances from November 2016 to February 2017 and reached 1.8% in January (month of the epidemic peak). Consequences of alcohol use represent a heavy burden for ED and the health system in France. This is all the more true as ARA are underestimated due to the low coding rate of associated medical diagnosis in ED. Key messages 1.4% of total French ED attendances were associated to alcohol consumption in 2017. This proportion is close to the proportion of influenza attendances in ED.

scholarly journals Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Detects Microstructural Changes in the Brain after Acute Alcohol Intoxication in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-ran Chen ◽  
Jie-ying Zeng ◽  
Zhi-Wei Shen ◽  
Ling-mei Kong ◽  
Wen-bin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Diffusion Kurtosis ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Acute Intake

The aim of this study was to test the technical feasibility of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the brain after acute alcohol intoxication. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and DKI during 7.0 T MRI were performed in the frontal lobe and thalamus before and 30 min, 2 h, and 6 h after ethyl alcohol administration. Compared with controls, mean kurtosis values of the frontal lobe and thalamus first decreased by 44% and 38% within 30 min (p<0.01 all) and then increased by 14% and 46% at 2 h (frontal lobe, p>0.05; thalamus, p<0.01) and by 29% and 68% at 6 h (frontal lobe, p<0.05; thalamus, p<0.01) after acute intake. Mean diffusivity decreased significantly in both the frontal lobe and the thalamus at various stages. However, fractional anisotropy decreased only in the frontal lobe, with no detectable change in the thalamus. This demonstrates that DKI possesses sufficient sensitivity for tracking pathophysiological changes at various stages associated with acute alcohol intoxication and may provide additional information that may be missed by conventional DTI parameters.

Effects of Functional Separation and Low Levels of Blood Alcohol on the Response to Automobile Rear-Signal Information

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-566
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Attwood
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Stimulus Complexity ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Model Type ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Stimulus Identification ◽  
Response Errors ◽  
Response Variables

The experiment investigated the effects of functional separation of brake and turn-signals, and of low levels of alcohol intoxication on a driver's ability to detect and interpret rear-signal information presented on a model automobile in a laboratory setting. Twelve experienced drivers performed the laboratory task for one-hour sessions on five successive days. Three independent variables were examined in a randomized-block, factorial design. These consisted of two levels of model type, one with brake and turn-signals combined under the same lens, the other with brake and turn-signals under separate lenses, four levels of blood alcohol, .00, .02, .05, and .08%, and six levels of stimulus complexity, representing six types of rear-signal information. Response variables consisted of response errors and the latencies between the onset of the stimulus and both the onset of the response and the completion of the response. Results indicated that the response variables were not equally sensitive to the task and that performance was significantly affected by model type and stimulus complexity. Performance deteriorated with blood alcohol levels as low as .05% on the combined model and 0.8% on the model that separated brake and turn-signal lights. Results are discussed in terms of the stimulus-identification/response-choice components of the task, and in terms of optimal coding methods for rear signals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document