Characterization of airborne carbonate over a site near Asian dust source regions during spring 2002 and its climatic and environmental significance

2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (D3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Asian Dust ◽  
Environmental Significance ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
A Site

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Dust Source Regions Across North Africa and the Middle East Using MISR Satellite Observations

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. 6690-6701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Yu ◽  
Olga V. Kalashnikova ◽  
Michael J. Garay ◽  
Huikyo Lee ◽  
Michael Notaro
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Performance of KMA-ADAM3 in Identifying Asian Dust Days over Northern China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Sang-Boom Ryoo ◽  
Jinwon Kim ◽  
Jeong Hoon Cho
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
Dust Generation ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Dust Events

Recently, the Korea Meteorological Administration developed Asian Dust Aerosol Model version 3 (ADAM3) by incorporating additional parameters into ADAM2, including anthropogenic particulate matter (PM) emissions, modification of dust generation by considering real-time surface vegetation, and assimilations of surface PM observations and satellite-measured aerosol optical depth. This study evaluates the performance of ADAM3 in identifying Asian dust days over the dust source regions in Northern China and their variations according to regions and soil types by comparing its performance with ADAM2 (from January to June of 2017). In all regions the performance of ADAM3 was markedly improved, especially for Northwestern China, where the threat score (TS) and the probability of detection (POD) improved from 5.4% and 5.5% to 30.4% and 34.4%, respectively. ADAM3 outperforms ADAM2 for all soil types, especially for the sand-type soil for which TS and POD are improved from 39.2.0% and 50.7% to 48.9% and 68.2%, respectively. Despite these improvements in regions and surface soil types, Asian dust emission formulas in ADAM3 need improvement for the loess-type soils to modulate the overestimation of Asian dust events related to anthropogenic emissions in the Huabei Plain and Manchuria.

scholarly journals Dust vertical profile impact on global radiative forcing estimation using a coupled chemical-transport–radiative-transfer model

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7097-7114 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhang ◽  
Q. B. Li ◽  
Y. Gu ◽  
K. N. Liou ◽  
B. Meland
Keyword(s):  
Heating Rate ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Source Regions

Abstract. Atmospheric mineral dust particles exert significant direct radiative forcings and are important drivers of climate and climate change. We used the GEOS-Chem global three-dimensional chemical transport model (CTM) coupled with the Fu-Liou-Gu (FLG) radiative transfer model (RTM) to investigate the dust radiative forcing and heating rate based on different vertical profiles for April 2006. We attempt to actually quantify the sensitivities of radiative forcing to dust vertical profiles, especially the discrepancies between using realistic and climatological vertical profiles. In these calculations, dust emissions were constrained by observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD). The coupled calculations utilizing a more realistic dust vertical profile simulated by GEOS-Chem minimize the physical inconsistencies between 3-D CTM aerosol fields and the RTM. The use of GEOS-Chem simulated vertical profile of dust extinction, as opposed to the FLG prescribed vertical profile, leads to greater and more spatially heterogeneous changes in the estimated radiative forcing and heating rate produced by dust. Both changes can be attributed to a different vertical structure between dust and non-dust source regions. Values of the dust vertically resolved AOD per grid level (VRAOD) are much larger in the middle troposphere, though smaller at the surface when the GEOS-Chem simulated vertical profile is used, which leads to a much stronger heating rate in the middle troposphere. Compared to the FLG vertical profile, the use of GEOS-Chem vertical profile reduces the solar radiative forcing at the top of atmosphere (TOA) by approximately 0.2–0.25 W m−2 over the African and Asian dust source regions. While the Infrared (IR) radiative forcing decreases 0.2 W m−2 over African dust belt, it increases 0.06 W m−2 over the Asian dust belt when the GEOS-Chem vertical profile is used. Differences in the solar radiative forcing at the surface between the use of the GEOS-Chem and FLG vertical profiles are most significant over the Gobi desert with a value of about 1.1 W m−2. The radiative forcing effect of dust particles is more pronounced at the surface over the Sahara and Gobi deserts by using FLG vertical profile, while it is less significant over the downwind area of Eastern Asia.

scholarly journals Improvements of ADAM3 by Incorporating New Dust Emission Reduction Formulations Based on Real-Time MODIS NDVI

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3139
Author(s):  
Jeong Hoon Cho ◽  
Sang-Boom Ryoo ◽  
Jinwon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Modis Ndvi ◽  
Source Regions

Dust events in Northeast Asia have several adverse effects on human health, agricultural land, infrastructure, and transport. Wind speed is the most important factor in determining the total dust emission at the land surface; however, various land-surface conditions must be considered as well. Recently, the Korea Meteorological Administration updated the dust emission reduction factor (RF) in the Asian Dust Aerosol Model 3 (ADAM3) using data from the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We evaluated the improvements of ADAM3 according to soil types. We incorporated new RF formulations in the evaluation based on real-time MODIS NDVI data obtained over the Asian dust source regions in northern China during spring 2017. This incorporation improved the simulation performance of ADAM3 for the PM10 mass concentration in Inner Mongolia and Manchuria for all soil types, except Gobi. The ADAM3 skill scores for sand, loess, and mixed types in a 24 h forecast increased by 6.6%, 20.4%, and 13.3%, respectively, compared with those in forecasts employing the monthly RF based on the NDVI data. As surface conditions in the dust source regions continually change, incorporating real-time vegetation data is critical to improving performance of dust forecast models such as ADAM3.

scholarly journals Geochemical characterization of critical dust source regions in the American West

2017 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 141-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Aarons ◽  
Molly A. Blakowski ◽  
Sarah M. Aciego ◽  
Emily I. Stevenson ◽  
Kenneth W.W. Sims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
American West ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Source Regions

Possible Explanation for Interannual Variations in Trans-Pacific Transport of East Asian Dust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxing Wang ◽  
Yiran Peng ◽  
Tianliang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Asian Dust ◽  
Dust Aerosol ◽  
Interannual Variations ◽  
Dust Source ◽  
Source Regions

<p>East Asian dust aerosols prevail during spring season and transport cross Pacific Ocean. Satellite retrieval data show that dust AOD in downwind plume region over Pacific is significantly high and extends northward and eastward in 2003 comparing to 2002. In this study, we investigate the possible mechanism behind the differences in dust plume over Pacific by analyzing aerosol observations from CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) and MISR (Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer) satellite platforms and ERA-Interim reanalysis data of meteorological fields. Firstly, we derive dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) in spring of 2002 and 2003 from MISR data by referring to the climatological mass ratio of dust to total aerosol from CALIPSO aerosol retrievals during 2007-2016. Second, we illustrate the axis of dust plume over Pacific by mimicking the center-of-gravity method for dust distribution, which clearly demonstrates that the axis shifts more northward and eastward and dust AOD is noticeably higher in April to May of 2003 than 2002. Thirdly, we look into the relationships between dust AOD and meteorological fields. Our results show that stronger surface wind speed in Northwest China (the source regions of East Asian dust) leads to higher dust emission in spring of 2003 than 2002. The updraft velocity in dust source regions is also stronger in 2003, which favors the uplifting of emitted dust. The precipitation over Pacific shows similar pattern between 2002 and 2003, indicating that wet deposition of dust has similar impacts on the dust aerosol transported cross Pacific Ocean. Lastly, we found that stronger southerly wind prevails over western North Pacific in May of 2003 than 2002, where negative vorticity is observed and might be related to certain features of Rossby wave. It is likely responsible for the northward axis of dust plume over Pacific. Therefore we conclude that the stronger and more easterly extended dust plume over Pacific Ocean in 2003 is resulted from excessive dust emission and stronger uplift in dust source regions of East Asia. The stronger southerly winds cause to the further northward axis of dust plume over western North Pacific. In the current stage, we extend the above investigation for the past two decades, to explain the interannual variations of East Asian dust related to emission in source regions, Trans-Pacific transport, meteorological fields and climatic indices.</p>

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