scholarly journals Global chemical transport model study of ozone response to changes in chemical kinetics and biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions due to increasing temperatures: Sensitivities to isoprene nitrate chemistry and grid resolution

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (D9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Ito ◽  
Sanford Sillman ◽  
Joyce E. Penner
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Kinetics ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Global Chemical Transport Model

scholarly journals The oxidation capacity of the boreal forest: first simulated reactivities of O<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>3</sub>

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 30947-31007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mogensen ◽  
R. Gierens ◽  
J. N. Crowley ◽  
P. Keronen ◽  
S. Smolander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Spectral Irradiance ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. Using the 1D atmospheric chemistry–transport model SOSAA, we have investigated the atmospheric reactivity of a boreal forest ecosystem during the HUMPPA-COPEC-10 campaign (summer 2010, at SMEAR II in Southern Finland). For the very first time, we present vertically resolved model simulations of the NO3- and O3-reactivity (R) together with the modelled and measured reactivity of OH. We find that OH is the most reactive oxidant (R~3 s−1) followed by NO3 (R~0.07 s−1) and O3 (R~2 × 10−5 s−1). The missing OH-reactivity was found to be large in accordance with measurements (~65%) as would be expected from the chemical subset described in the model. The accounted OH radical sinks were inorganic compounds (~41%, mainly due to reaction with CO), emitted monoterpenes (~14%) and oxidised biogenic volatile organic compounds (~44%). The missing reactivity is expected to be due to unknown biogenic volatile organic compounds and their photoproducts, indicating that the true main sink of OH is not expected to be inorganic compounds. The NO3 radical was found to react mainly with primary emitted monoterpenes (~60%) and inorganic compounds (~37%, including NO2). NO2 is, however, only a temporary sink of NO3 under the conditions of the campaign and does not affect the NO3 concentration. We discuss the difference between instantaneous and steady state reactivity and present the first boreal forest steady state lifetime of NO3 (113 s). O3 almost exclusively reacts with inorganic compounds (~91%, mainly NO, but also NO2 during night) and less with primary emitted sesquiterpenes (~6%) and monoterpenes (~3%). When considering the concentration of the oxidants investigated, we find that O3 is the oxidant that is capable of removing pollutants fastest. As part of this study, we developed a simple empirical parameterisation for conversion of measured spectral irradiance into actinic flux. Further, the meteorological conditions were evaluated using radiosonde observations and ground based measurements. The overall vertical structure of the boundary layer is discussed, together with validation of the surface energy balance and turbulent fluxes. The sensible heat and momentum fluxes above the canopy were on average overestimated, while the latent heat flux was underestimated.

The BIO-MAÏDO (Bio-physicochemistry of tropical clouds at Maïdo (La Réunion Island): processes and impacts on secondary organic aerosols formation) campaign

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Leriche ◽  
Aurélie Colomb ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Orographic Clouds

&lt;p&gt;BIO-MA&amp;#207;DO is a French collaborative program founded by the ANR (Agence Nationale de La Recherche). BIO-MA&amp;#207;DO aims at better understanding the chemical and biological multiphasic mechanisms that control the Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) formation. The tropical environment of the Reunion Island represents an ideal site to study SOA formation: (1) numerous biogenic volatile organic compounds, precursors of SOA are emitted in huge amount and the high solar intensity flux and the temperature favors their chemical transformations; (2) due to the high occurrence of orographic clouds over this region, this site allows evaluating the influence of aqueous processes on SOA formation. The strategy adopted is based on an intensive field campaign over several sites with the objective to characterize sources of gases and aerosols and to evaluate multiphasic pathways controlling the formation and oxidation of SOA. This work is done in synergy with modeling investigations using a lagrangian particle dispersion model (FLEXPART), a 0D process cloud model (CLEPS) together with a 3D chemistry/transport model (Meso-NH).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The campaign took place from 13&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of March to 4&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; of April 2019 at La R&amp;#233;union Island. The main objectives were to document the cloud cycle on the slope of the Ma&amp;#239;do, the boundary layer development and the chemical evolution of atmospheric composition (primary and secondary aerosols as well as gaseous precursors) along the slope up to the receptor site, the Ma&amp;#239;do observatory. For this reason, the campaign took place on five sites distributed on the slope from the Ma&amp;#239;do to the observatory. A innovative instrumentation was deployed: three PTR-MS, a tethered balloon, an instrumented mast measuring biogenic volatile organic compounds fluxes, a mobile mast with a cloud impactor, etc. Preliminary results from the campaign will be presented.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Atmospheric reactivity of biogenic volatile organic compounds in a maritime pine forest during the LANDEX episode 1 field campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 756 ◽  
pp. 144129
Author(s):  
Kenneth Mermet ◽  
Emilie Perraudin ◽  
Sébastien Dusanter ◽  
Stéphane Sauvage ◽  
Thierry Léonardis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Atmospheric Reactivity ◽  
Volatile Organic

Characterization of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in cleaning reagents and air fresheners in Hong Kong

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (34) ◽  
pp. 6191-6196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Huang ◽  
Steven Sai Hang Ho ◽  
Kin Fai Ho ◽  
Shun Cheng Lee ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Sensitivity of biogenic volatile organic compounds to land surface parameterizations and vegetation distributions in California

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1959-1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Zhao ◽  
Maoyi Huang ◽  
Jerome D. Fast ◽  
Larry K. Berg ◽  
Yun Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Current climate models still have large uncertainties in estimating biogenic trace gases, which can significantly affect atmospheric chemistry and secondary aerosol formation that ultimately influences air quality and aerosol radiative forcing. These uncertainties result from many factors, including uncertainties in land surface processes and specification of vegetation types, both of which can affect the simulated near-surface fluxes of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). In this study, the latest version of Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN v2.1) is coupled within the land surface scheme CLM4 (Community Land Model version 4.0) in the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem). In this implementation, MEGAN v2.1 shares a consistent vegetation map with CLM4 for estimating BVOC emissions. This is unlike MEGAN v2.0 in the public version of WRF-Chem that uses a stand-alone vegetation map that differs from what is used by land surface schemes. This improved modeling framework is used to investigate the impact of two land surface schemes, CLM4 and Noah, on BVOCs and examine the sensitivity of BVOCs to vegetation distributions in California. The measurements collected during the Carbonaceous Aerosol and Radiative Effects Study (CARES) and the California Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Experiment (CalNex) conducted in June of 2010 provided an opportunity to evaluate the simulated BVOCs. Sensitivity experiments show that land surface schemes do influence the simulated BVOCs, but the impact is much smaller than that of vegetation distributions. This study indicates that more effort is needed to obtain the most appropriate and accurate land cover data sets for climate and air quality models in terms of simulating BVOCs, oxidant chemistry and, consequently, secondary organic aerosol formation.

scholarly journals Solar response in tropical stratospheric ozone: a 3-D chemical transport model study using ERA reanalyses

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12773-12786 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dhomse ◽  
M. P. Chipperfield ◽  
W. Feng ◽  
J. D. Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Chemical Transport ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. We have used an off-line 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) to investigate the 11-yr solar cycle response in tropical stratospheric ozone. The model is forced with European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) (re)analysis (ERA-40/operational and ERA-Interim) data for the 1979–2005 time period. We have compared the modelled solar response in ozone to observation-based data sets that are constructed using satellite instruments such as Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS), Solar Backscatter UltraViolet instrument (SBUV), Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) and Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE). A significant difference is seen between simulated and observed ozone during the 1980s, which is probably due to inhomogeneities in the ERA-40 reanalyses. In general, the model with ERA-Interim dynamics shows better agreement with the observations from 1990 onwards than with ERA-40. Overall both standard model simulations are partially able to simulate a "double peak"-structured ozone solar response with a minimum around 30 km, and these are in better agreement with HALOE than SAGE-corrected SBUV (SBUV/SAGE) or SAGE-based data sets. In the tropical lower stratosphere (TLS), the modelled solar response with time-varying aerosols is amplified through aliasing with a volcanic signal, as the model overestimates ozone loss during high aerosol loading years. However, the modelled solar response with fixed dynamics and constant aerosols shows a positive signal which is in better agreement with SBUV/SAGE and SAGE-based data sets in the TLS. Our model simulations suggests that photochemistry contributes to the ozone solar response in this region. The largest model-observation differences occur in the upper stratosphere where SBUV/SAGE and SAGE-based data show a significant (up to 4%) solar response whereas the standard model and HALOE do not. This is partly due to a positive solar response in the ECMWF upper stratospheric temperatures which reduces the modelled ozone signal. The large positive upper stratospheric solar response seen in SBUV/SAGE and SAGE-based data can be reproduced in model runs with fixed dynamical fields (i.e. no inter-annual meteorological changes). As these runs effectively assume no long-term temperature changes (solar-induced or otherwise), it should provide an upper limit of the ozone solar response. Overall, full quantification of the solar response in stratospheric ozone is limited by differences in the observed data sets and by uncertainties in the solar response in stratospheric temperatures.

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