scholarly journals Decoding the Age of the Ice at Mars’s North Pole

Eos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shultz
Keyword(s):  
North Pole ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
History Of ◽  
Climatic History ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Exposure to sunlight creates telltale patterns in the polar ice cap that change over time, potentially providing insight into the climatic history of the Red Planet.

scholarly journals Evolutionary history of zoogeographical regions surrounding the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiekun He ◽  
Siliang Lin ◽  
Jiatang Li ◽  
Jiehua Yu ◽  
Haisheng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP) and surrounding regions have one of the most complex biotas on Earth. However, the evolutionary history of these regions in deep time is poorly understood. Here, we quantify the temporal changes in beta dissimilarities among zoogeographical regions during the Cenozoic using 4,966 extant terrestrial vertebrates and 1,278 extinct mammal genera. We identify ten present-day zoogeographical regions and find that they underwent a striking change over time. Specifically, the fauna on the TP was close to the Oriental realm in deep time but became more similar to the Palearctic realms more recently. The present-day zoogeographical regions generally emerged during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary (ca. 5 Ma). These results indicate that geological events such as the Indo-Asian Collision, the TP uplift, and the aridification of the Asian interior underpinned the evolutionary history of the zoogeographical regions surrounding the TP over different time periods.

scholarly journals The history of neurosurgery and its relation to the development and refinement of the frontotemporal craniotomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. E12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ryan Ormond ◽  
Costas G. Hadjipanayis
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
History Of Neurosurgery ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cerebral Localization ◽  
Great Odds ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

The history of neurosurgery is filled with descriptions of brave surgeons performing surgery against great odds in an attempt to improve outcomes in their patients. In the distant past, most neurosurgical procedures were limited to trephination, and this was sometimes performed for unclear reasons. Beginning in the Renaissance and accelerating through the middle and late 19th century, a greater understanding of cerebral localization, antisepsis, anesthesia, and hemostasis led to an era of great expansion in neurosurgical approaches and techniques. During this process, frontotemporal approaches were also developed and refined over time. Progress often depended on the technical advances of scientists coupled with the innovative ideas and courage of pioneering surgeons. A better understanding of this history provides insight into where we originated as a specialty and in what directions we may go in the future. This review considers the historical events enabling the development of neurosurgery as a specialty, and how this relates to the development of frontotemporal approaches.

Identity

2018 ◽  
pp. 288-316
Author(s):  
Vivian L. Vignoles
Keyword(s):  
Social Processes ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Identity refers to how people answer the question, “Who are you?” This question may be posed and answered explicitly or implicitly, at a personal or a collective level, to others or to oneself. Perspectives on identity tend to emphasize either personal or social contents and either personal or social processes. This chapter outlines key parameters for an integrative understanding of identity, arguing that identities are inescapably both personal and social, in their content and in the processes by which they are formed, maintained, and changed over time. Drawing on perspectives from psychology and neighboring disciplines, it examines the extensive and interconnected nature of identity content and the confluence of sociocultural, relational, and individual processes by which identities are formed, maintained, and change over time. The simultaneously personal and social nature of identity gives the construct its greatest theoretical potential: to provide insight into the relationship between the individual and society.

scholarly journals Back to Where It All Began: Revisiting Algonquin Resource Use and Territoriality

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Inksetter
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
Over Time

This article examines resource use among the Algonquin and its change over time. Archaeological and historical data show that the current importance of the moose for both food and clothing among Algonquin people is a relatively recent phenomenon: in pre-contact times up until the nineteenth century, small mammals such as beaver and hare were the most important animals used. The dichotomy between access rights to moose and fur-bearing animals also seems to be a recent phenomenon. As this dichotomy has been used as a major element in theoretical reconstructions of past territoriality and governance, this re-evaluation thus offers a renewed perspective on the history of family hunting territories among Algonquian peoples.

The History of Physical Activity in the Past, Present, and Future of Kinesiology’s Big Questions, Hot Topics, and Prospects for Integration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mark Dyreson ◽  
Jaime Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Since the 1981 publication of Perspectives on the Academic Discipline of Physical Education, the history of physical activity has secured a prominent place in the field of kinesiology. Yet, despite encouraging signs of growth, the subdiscipline still remains an undervalued player in the “team scholarship” approach. Without the integration of historical sensibilities in kinesiology’s biggest questions, our understanding of human movement remains incomplete. Historians of physical activity share many “big questions” and “hot topics” with researchers in other domains of kinesiology. Intriguing possibilities for integrating research endeavors between historians and scholars from other domains beckon, particularly as scientists share the historical fascination with exploring the processes of change over time.

Policing Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schlichte
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Global History ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

From a well-informed vantage point of a historical sociology of the police and a broad comparative perspective, this chapter argues that policing in Africa should be situated in a globally connected history. Specific policing practices and organisational models were exported from Europe and then creatively adapted; other practices and models emerged in different places simultaneously and were re-connected through ex-post classification (as under the label ‘community policing’). The central question he evokes is: if the global history of policing is indeed a connected history, of what do these connections consist and how do they change over time?

scholarly journals Distributional Concept Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER DE BOLLA ◽  
EWAN JONES ◽  
PAUL NULTY ◽  
GABRIEL RECCHIA ◽  
JOHN REGAN
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Semantic Networks ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Concepts ◽  
Over Time

This article proposes a novel computational method for discerning the structure and history of concepts. Based on the analysis of co-occurrence data in large data sets, the method creates a measure of “binding” that enables the construction of verbal constellations that comprise the larger units, “concepts,” that change over time. In contrast to investigation into semantic networks, our method seeks to uncover structures of conceptual operation that are not simply semantic. These larger units of lexical operation that are visualized as interconnected networks may have underlying rules of formation and operation that have as yet unexamined—perhaps tangential—connection to meaning as such. The article is thus exploratory and intended to open the history of concepts to some new avenues of investigation.

scholarly journals Patterns of change over time and history of the inflammatory potential of diet and risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women

2016 ◽  
Vol 159 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred K. Tabung ◽  
Susan E. Steck ◽  
Angela D. Liese ◽  
Jiajia Zhang ◽  
Yunsheng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Reflections and Implications of Philately in the Promotion of Mining and Mineral Samples, Fossils and Gems in Romania (I): 1945-1960

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Bogdan Cioruța ◽  
Alexandru Leonard Pop ◽  
Mirela Coman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historic Significance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

The natural heritage is defined and accepted as the set of physico-geographic and biocenotic (floristic, faunistic) components and structures of the natural environment, whose ecological, economic, scientific, biogenic, sanogenic, landscape, recreational and cultural-historic significance and value has a relevant significance for present and future generations. Constantly promoting philatelic themes that address the natural heritage, different philatelic associations and post office entities performs a series of postage elements in whose pictures we also find the Romanian industrial preoccupations over time. In this paper we propose an insight into the history of mining-philately and bring into discussion the first significant concerns in promoting mining activity and mineral samples, fossils and gems in Romania. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to identify, index and describe the main philatelic pieces issued in Romania (postal stamps, FDCs, occasional envelopes, postcards and maxicards etc), from the beginning of issuing in this field, namely the period 1945-1960.

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