Effect of the lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus on stratum corneum ceramide levels and signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis patients

ABSTRACT We describe the dynamics of changes in the intracellular pH (pHi) values of a number of lactic acid bacteria in response to a rapid drop in the extracellular pH (pHex). Strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, andLactococcus lactis were investigated. Listeria innocua, a gram-positive, non-lactic acid bacterium, was included for comparison. The method which we used was based on fluorescence ratio imaging of single cells, and it was therefore possible to describe variations in pHi within a population. The bacteria were immobilized on a membrane filter, placed in a closed perfusion chamber, and analyzed during a rapid decrease in the pHex from 7.0 to 5.0. Under these conditions, the pHi of L. innocua remained neutral (between 7 and 8). In contrast, the pHi values of all of the strains of lactic acid bacteria investigated decreased to approximately 5.5 as the pHex was decreased. No pronounced differences were observed between cells of the same strain harvested from the exponential and stationary phases. Small differences between species were observed with regard to the initial pHi at pHex 7.0, while different kinetics of pHiregulation were observed in different species and also in different strains of S. thermophilus.

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Role of the Sortase A in the Release of Cell-Wall Proteinase PrtS in the Growth Medium of Streptococcus thermophilus 4F44

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9112380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 2380

Author(s):

Ahoefa Ablavi Awussi ◽

Emeline Roux ◽

Catherine Humeau ◽

Zeeshan Hafeez ◽

Bernard Maigret ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Proteolytic Activity ◽

Growth Medium ◽

Cell Envelope ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Sortase A ◽

Cellular Density

Growth of the lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus in milk depends on its capacity to hydrolyze proteins of this medium through its surface proteolytic activity. Thus, strains exhibiting the cell envelope proteinase (CEP) PrtS are able to grow in milk at high cellular density. Due to its LPNTG motif, which is possibly the substrate of the sortase A (SrtA), PrtS is anchored to the cell wall in most S. thermophilus strains. Conversely, a soluble extracellular PrtS activity has been reported in the strain 4F44. It corresponds, in fact, to a certain proportion of PrtS that is not anchored to the cell wall but rather is released in the growth medium. The main difference between PrtS of strain 4F44 (PrtS4F44) and other PrtS concerns the absence of a 32-residue imperfect duplication in the prodomain of the CEP, postulated as being required for the maturation and correct subsequent anchoring of PrtS. In fact, both mature (without the prodomain at the N-terminal extremity) and immature (with the prodomain) forms are found in the soluble PrtS4F44 form along with an intact LPNTG at their C-terminal extremity. Investigations we present in this work show that (i) the imperfect duplication is not implied in PrtS maturation; (ii) the maturase PrtM is irrelevant in PrtS maturation which is probably automaturated; and (iii) SrtA allows for the PrtS anchoring in S. thermophilus but the SrtA of strain 4F44 (SrtA4F44) displays an altered activity.

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Growth and gas formation by Lactobacillus wasatchensis, a novel obligatory heterofermentative nonstarter lactic acid bacterium, in Cheddar-style cheese made using a Streptococcus thermophilus starter

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.2015-9556 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 98 (11) ◽

pp. 7473-7482 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fatih Ortakci ◽

Jeffery R. Broadbent ◽

Craig J. Oberg ◽

Donald J. McMahon

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Gas Formation

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Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus thermophilus C106, a Dairy Isolate from an Artisanal Cheese Produced in the Countryside of Ireland

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.01377-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michiel Wels ◽

L. Mariela Serrano ◽

Beerd-Jan Eibrink ◽

Lennart Backus ◽

Roger S. Bongers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Draft Genome Sequence

The lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus is widely used for the fermentation of dairy products. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of S. thermophilus C106 isolated from an artisanal cheese produced in the countryside of Ireland.

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Influence of Oral Administration of Lactic Acid Bacteria Metabolites on Skin Barrier Function and Water Content in a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis

10.20944/preprints201810.0726.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Tokudome

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Stratum Corneum ◽

Water Content ◽

Murine Model ◽

Lipid Fraction ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Skin Barrier Function

The effects of orally administered lactic acid bacteria metabolites on the skin were studied using an atopic dermatitis-like murine model created by feeding mice with HR-AD. The lactic acid bacteria metabolites were obtained by inoculating 35 strains of 16 species of lactic acid bacteria into soy milk and culturing them. The atopic dermatitis-like murine model was created by feeding HR-1 mice HR-AD for 40 days. The skin condition of mice that were fed HR-AD worsened compared with normal mice, i.e., reduced water content in the stratum corneum, increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), reduced ceramide AP content in the stratum corneum, and increased epidermis thickness. When mice that had been fed the HR-AD diet was administered a raw liquid of lactic acid bacteria metabolites orally, the measured values related to water content in the stratum corneum, TEWL, ceramide AP content in the stratum corneum, and epidermis thickness improved. To find out the active components for these effects, filtrate and residue from the raw liquid of lactic acid bacteria metabolites and lipid components extracted from the raw liquid were examined at the same time. Results showed that the water-soluble components or residue after filtration did not demonstrate effects but the raw liquid and the lipid fraction did. These findings suggest that lactic acid bacteria metabolites improve skin injury in an atopic dermatitis-like murine model.

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Influence of Oral Administration of Lactic Acid Bacteria Metabolites on Skin Barrier Function and Water Content in a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10121858 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1858 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Tokudome

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Stratum Corneum ◽

Water Content ◽

Murine Model ◽

Lipid Fraction ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Skin Barrier Function

The effects of orally administered lactic acid bacteria metabolites on skin were studied using an atopic dermatitis-like murine model generated by feeding HR-AD to mice. Lactic acid bacteria metabolites were obtained by inoculating and culturing soy milk with 35 strains of 16 species of lactic acid bacteria. The atopic dermatitis-like murine model was generated by feeding HR-AD to HR-1 mice for 40 days. The skin condition of HR-AD-fed mice worsened compared with normal mice, showing reduced water content in the stratum corneum, increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL), reduced ceramide AP content in the stratum corneum, and increased epidermis thickness. When HR-AD-fed mice were orally administered a raw liquid containing lactic acid bacteria metabolites, water content in the stratum corneum, TEWL, ceramide AP content in the stratum corneum, and epidermis thickness improved. To determine the active components responsible for these effects, filtrate, residue, and lipid components extracted from the raw liquid containing lactic acid bacteria metabolites were examined. While water-soluble components and residue obtained after filtration had no effects, the lipid fraction showed similar effects to the raw liquid. These findings suggest that lactic acid bacteria metabolites improve skin injury in an atopic dermatitis-like murine model.

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Characterization of the gor gene of the lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ368

Research in Microbiology ◽

10.1016/0923-2508(96)80283-x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 146 (5) ◽

pp. 371-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M Pébay ◽

A.-C Holl ◽

J.-M Simonet ◽

B Decaris

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus

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Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus thermophilus Strain B59671, Which Naturally Produces the Broad-Spectrum Bacteriocin Thermophilin 110

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.01213-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (45) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John A. Renye ◽

David S. Needleman ◽

George A. Somkuti ◽

Dennis H. Steinberg

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Broad Spectrum ◽

Complete Genome Sequence ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Content Type

ABSTRACT Streptococcus thermophilus strain B59671 is a Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium that naturally produces a broad-spectrum bacteriocin, thermophilin 110, and is capable of producing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The complete genome sequence for this strain contains 1,821,173 nucleotides, 1,936 predicted genes, and an average G+C content of 39.1%.

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Three distinct proteases are responsible for overall cell surface proteolysis in Streptococcus thermophilus .

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01292-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mylène Boulay ◽

Coralie Metton ◽

Christine Mézange ◽

Lydie Oliveira Correia ◽

Thierry Meylheuc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽

Wild Type Strain ◽

Cell Envelope ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Surface Proteins ◽

Bacterial Vector ◽

Cell Surface Protease ◽

Cell Surface Proteolysis

The lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus was believed to display only two distinct proteases at the cell surface, namely the cell-envelope protease PrtS and the house-keeping protease HtrA. Using peptidomics, we demonstrate here the existence of an additional active cell-surface protease, which shares significant homology with the SepM protease of Streptococcus mutans . Although all three proteases—PrtS, HtrA, and SepM—are involved in the turnover of surface proteins, they demonstrate distinct substrate specificities. In particular, SepM cleaves proteins involved in cell wall metabolism and cell elongation, and its inactivation has consequences for cell morphology. When all three proteases are inactivated, the residual cell-surface proteolysis of S. thermophilus is approximately 5% of that of the wild-type strain. Importance Streptococcus thermophilus is a lactic acid bacterium widely used as a starter in the dairy industry. Due to its "generally recognized as safe" status and its weak cell-surface proteolytic activity, it is also considered to be a potential bacterial vector for heterologous protein production. Our identification of a new cell surface protease made it possible to construct a mutant strain with a 95% reduction in surface proteolysis, which could be useful in numerous biotechnological applications.

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