Personal Control Over Specific Roles in Later Life Can Prevent Premature Death, Says New Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Death ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Personal Control

scholarly journals Perspectives on Aging Well Among Older Black Women in the US

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 873-873
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn Coats
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Aging Well

Abstract Despite changes in the demography of older Black women who are living longer, there is limited research on how older Black women conceptualize and understand successful and healthy aging. The objective of this presentation is to interrogate the meaning and cultural aspects of aging among older Black women, gaining insight into how gender and race operate and intersect to shape experiences and perceptions of aging. Using an intersectionality framework, this qualitative study was conducted with three older Black women. The women ranged in age from 58-65 years old, each residing in an US urban city (Detroit, St. Louis, Atlanta). Data were collected between October and November 2020, using a semi-structured, open-ended interview protocol to encourage participants to provide in-depth descriptions of how they conceptualized aging. Interviews were between 2 – 2.5 hours, conducted via videoconferencing, and audio-recorded for transcription. Participants discussed: the life experiences that have shaped their ability to age well; what it means to age well, and factors that might hinder someone from aging well. Transcripts were coded using a constructivist grounded theory approach. Results revealed six themes Black women in later life identify: aging well, aging as a mindset, independence and freedom, authenticity, personal control and preparation, and aging role models. This extends the knowledge base on how older Black women view aging and factors that enhance or diminish their ability to age well. Results from this study can be used to enhance the development of public health and social work interventions with older Black women.

scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HEALTH AT OLDER AGES IN GHANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S747-S747
Author(s):  
Kojo Paul Ayernor
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Ageing

Abstract Significant increases in life expectancy and declining fertility confirms that population ageing is fast becoming a reality in several West African nations, and the demographic transition is expected to continue well into this century. This study examines the association between social capital, self-rated health, and depression among older adults aged 50 years and over in Ghana. It draws on a small scale, yet nationally representative longitudinal data from the Global Ageing Study (SAGE-WHO, 2003-2007). Social capital is conceptualized through four dimensions: personal control, generalized trust, safety in the community and free expression. Although there were not significant findings on social capital and depression, results demonstrated significant associations between social capital and self-rated health. The relationship between social capital and self-rated health suggests the need to extend and expand upon research regarding the relationship between social capital, health, and well-being in later life in aging African communities.

scholarly journals Public health implications and risks for children and families resettled after exposure to armed conflict and displacement

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Calam
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Adverse Experiences

Early adverse experiences can precede long-term negative effects on physical health. Children experiencing armed conflict, flight and displacement, and refugee life may be at enhanced risk. Recent psychobiological models integrating knowledge about perinatal and childhood stress with susceptibility to chronic illnesses in later life make clear the pressing need for protective provision for war-affected children, who experience multiple traumas and continuing stressors. There is increasing recognition of the mechanisms linking physical and mental health with adult diseases seen as developmental disorders with origins early in life. Biological embedding models propose links between early adversity and increased vulnerability to later disease and premature death. Threat is central for children and families whose lives are changed by war and displacement, and may activate biological and behavioural systems that could increase the risk of long-term ill-health. Applying these models to understanding the experiences of refugees and the translation of these into the care provided and ways of monitoring and protecting long-term population health could potentially promote interventions to reduce longer term and secondary harms.

Eating and drinking in later life

2017 ◽  
pp. 1215-1228
Author(s):  
Finbarr C. Martin ◽  
Abdulrazzak Abyad ◽  
Hidenori Arai ◽  
Marcel Arcand ◽  
Hashim Hasan Balubaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Artificial Nutrition ◽  
Artificial Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Swallowing Difficulties ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Physical Comfort

Food and drink are vital to life and have a special place in human culture: providing and receiving food has significance beyond sustaining body physiology. Sudden premature death is becoming less common and people experiencing a slow decline before death with frailty and/or dementia is more common. When patients develop swallowing difficulties and disinterest in food and drink, this presents challenges to healthcare workers and families. Should medically assisted (artificial) nutrition and hydration be started? Evidence suggests that it usually makes little or no impact on physical comfort or clinical outcomes but its emotional and cultural role may be great and ethical decision-making must take this into account. In the chapter we discuss various cultural, ethical, and legal perspectives on this situation and the judgements and practical decisions that arise, specifically focusing on those different standpoints from parts of the world where Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism are predominant.

Neonatal dexamethasone administration causes progressive renal damage due to induction of an early inflammatory response

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (4) ◽  
pp. F768-F776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Harry van Goor ◽  
Rick Havinga ◽  
Julius F. W. Baller ◽  
Vincent W. Bloks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Deterioration ◽  
Fibrotic Process ◽  
Time Course Study

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to prevent chronic lung disease in immature newborns. Emerging evidence indicates that GC exposure in early life may interfere with kidney function and is associated with hypertension in later life. In this study, we have investigated the effect of neonatal dexamethasone (DEX) administration on renal function in rats. Male rats were treated with DEX in the first 3 days after birth, controls received saline (SAL). Severe renal damage associated with premature death was found at 50 wks upon DEX treatment, while renal function and morphology were normal in controls. A subsequent time-course study was performed from 2 days to 32 wks. Compared with controls, neonatal DEX administration led to significant and persistent growth retardation. Progressive proteinuria and increased systolic blood pressure were found from 8 wks onwards in DEX-treated animals. Renal α-SMA gene expression was elevated from wk 24 onwards and morphological fibrosis was noted at 32 wks of age following DEX treatment. Markedly increased renal gene expression of TNF-α and MCP-1 in DEX -treated rats was observed at day 7, probably contributing to the permanent increase in interstitial macrophage numbers that started at 14 days. Permanently elevated renal TGF-β gene expression was induced by DEX administration from 4 wks onwards. Our data indicate that neonatal DEX administration in rats leads to renal failure in later life, presumably due to an early inflammatory trigger that elicits a persistent pro-fibrotic process that eventually results in progressive renal deterioration.

scholarly journals “Otherwise it would be nothing but cruises”: exploring the subjective benefits of working beyond 65

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Reynolds ◽  
Alexandra Farrow ◽  
Alison Blank
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Private Pensions ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Part Time

The age at which statutory and private pensions are being paid is increasing in many countries and hence more people will need to work into their late 60s and beyond. At present, relatively little is known about the meanings of work for people who actively choose to work into their later life. This qualitative study examined the subjective benefits of continuing in a paid job or self-employment beyond the age of 65 in the United Kingdom. Thirty-one participants were interviewed, aged 65-91 years (median age 71), with 11 females and 20 males. Fourteen were working full-time and seventeen part-time. Interview transcripts were subject to thematic analysis. Although financial reward was acknowledged (more so by the female participants and the males who had young second families), there was more elaboration of the role of work in maintaining health and enabling continuing personal development. Work was framed as increasing personal control over later life, lifestyle choices and active participation in wider society, an antithesis to ’’cruising’’.

scholarly journals Risk of dementia and death in community-dwelling older men with bipolar disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Kieran McCaul ◽  
Graeme J. Hankey ◽  
Bu B. Yeap ◽  
Jonathan Golledge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Electronic Record ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

BackgroundBipolar disorder has been associated with cognitive decline, but confirmatory evidence from a community-derived sample of older people is lacking.AimsTo investigate the 13-year risk of dementia and death in older adults with bipolar disorder.MethodCohort study of 37 768 men aged 65–85 years. Dementia (primary) and death (secondary), as recorded by electronic record linkage, were the outcomes of interest.ResultsBipolar disorder was associated with increased adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of dementia (HR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.80–2.94). The risk of dementia was greatest among those with <5 years of history of bipolar disorder or who had had illness onset after 70 years of age. Bipolar disorder was also associated with increased mortality (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.28–1.77). Competing risk regression showed that bipolar disorder was associated with increased hazard of death by suicide, accidents, pneumonia or influenza, and diseases of the liver and digestive system.ConclusionsBipolar disorder in later life is associated with increased risk of dementia and premature death.

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