Epidemiology of the relationship between traumatic experience and suicidal behaviors

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry L. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

The interplay between childhood trauma, cognitive biases, psychotic-like experiences and depression and their additive impact on predicting lifetime suicidal behavior in young adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Gawęda ◽  
Renata Pionke ◽  
Martyna Krężołek ◽  
Dorota Frydecka ◽  
Barnaby Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundChildhood trauma, psychosis risk, cognition, and depression have been identified as important risk markers for suicidal behaviors. However, little is known about the interplay between these distal and proximal markers in influencing the risk of suicide. We aim to investigate the interplay between childhood trauma, cognitive biases, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and depression in predicting suicidal behaviors in a non-clinical sample of young adults.MethodsIn total, 3495 young adults were recruited to an online computer-assisted web interview. We used the Prodromal Questionnaire to assess PLEs. Childhood trauma was assessed with the Traumatic Experience Checklist (three items) and Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q, three items). Cognitive biases were assessed with a short version of the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale. Suicidality, psychiatric diagnoses, and substance use were screened with a self-report questionnaire.ResultsChildhood trauma, as well as PLEs, was associated with an approximately five-fold increased risk of suicidal thoughts and plans as well as suicide attempts. Participants with depression were six times more likely to endorse suicidal behaviors. Path analysis revealed that PLEs, depression and cognitive biases are significant mediators of the relationship between trauma and suicidal behaviors. The model explained 44.6% of the variance in lifetime suicidality.ConclusionsCognitive biases, PLEs, and depression partially mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal behaviors. The interplay between distal and proximal markers should be recognized and become part of clinical screening and therapeutic strategies for preventing risk of suicidality.

The Relationship Between Domestic Partner Violence and Suicidal Behaviors in an Adult Community Sample: Examining Hope Agency and Pathways as Protective Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1399-1412
Author(s):  
Edward C. Chang ◽  
Elizabeth A. Yu ◽  
Emma R. Kahle ◽  
Yifeng Du ◽  
Olivia D. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Interactive Model ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Variance

We examined an additive and interactive model involving domestic partner violence (DPV) and hope in accounting for suicidal behaviors in a sample of 98 community adults. Results showed that DPV accounted for a significant amount of variance in suicidal behaviors. Hope further augmented the prediction model and accounted for suicidal behaviors beyond DPV. Finally, we found that DPV significantly interacted with both dimensions of hope to further account for additional variance in suicidal behaviors above and beyond the independent effects of DPV and hope. Implications for the role of hope in the relationship between DPV and suicidal behaviors are discussed.

scholarly journals Emotional Intensity of Trauma Memory as Moderator of the Relationship Between Posttraumatic Cognitions and PTSD Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Jenina N. Nalipay ◽  
Imelu G. Mordeno
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Cognitions ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Posttraumatic Cognitions ◽  
Trauma Memory ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Individuals develop three types of cognitions in the aftermath of a traumatic experience: negative cognitions about the self, negative cognitions about the world, and self-blame (Foa et al., 1999). Although the relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and posttraumatic cognitions has been supported in literature, memory-related responses affecting this relationship need further exploration. It was the intention of the present study to address this gap by examining the moderating role of emotional intensity of trauma memory in the relationship between posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptoms. In a sample of survivors of typhoon Haiyan (N = 632), one of the strongest typhoons ever recorded, it was found that in general, negative cognitions about the self and the world, but not self-blame, predict PTSD symptoms; and emotional intensity of trauma memory generally moderates the relationship between posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD. The findings of the study would be useful in the development and enhancement of interventions to help the survivors of natural disasters in maintaining their mental health and wellbeing.

scholarly journals Investigation of Factors Associated with Psychological Symptoms and Posttraumatic Growth in Women with Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Core Belief ◽  
The Relationship

Breast cancer is a traumatic experience. Those diagnosed with breast cancer often experience psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress. However, traumatic experiences do not only cause psychological symptoms, but also can lead to positive changes named as posttraumatic growth (PTG). In the present study, it was aimed to examine both the psychological symptom (depression, anxiety, stress) and PTG levels of women with breast cancer and the relationship of these variables with core beliefs challenge and rumination types. Sociodemographic and Cancer-Related Information Form, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Core Beliefs Inventory, and Event-Related Rumination Inventory were applied to 201 women with breast cancer diagnosis (Mage = 47.81, SD = 8.58), mediation relations of variables were examined with Process Macro. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the psychological symptom levels of the majority of the participants were low and their PTG levels were above medium. It was determined that core beliefs challenge positively predicted depression, anxiety, stress, and PTG. Intrusive rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and depression, anxiety and stress; deliberate rumination mediated the relationship between core beliefs challenge and PTG. In other words, as the core belief challenge of the participants increase, both psychological symptom and PTG levels increase. In addition, those who use intrusive rumination experience more psychological symptom, and those who use deliberate rumination experience more PTG. The present study reveals the importance of cognitive processes in understanding the psychological symptoms and PTG in women with breast cancer. Keywords: Breast cancer, psychological symptom, posttraumatic growth, core belief challenge, event-related rumination

scholarly journals IS HAVING A HELICOPTER MOTHER A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE? THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HELICOPTER MOTHER ATTITUDE AND TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES AND LEARNED HELPLESSNESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Yılmaz ◽  
Coşkun Arslan ◽  
Emel Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Scientific Fact ◽  
Scientific Facts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of mothers’ and teachers’ testimonies that conflict with scientific facts and scientific explanations on kindergartners’ judgments. The participants consisted of 104 young children in Şanlıurfa province in Turkey. Their ages ranged from 48 to 79 months, with a mean age of 61.48 months (SD = 5.58). The participants were randomly assigned to the following four groups: 1) Scientific explanation followed by teacher’s testimony, 2) teacher’s testimony; 3) scientific explanation followed by mother’s testimony, 4) mother’s testimony. The children responded to a question about a scientific fact. After the response, they watched their mothers’ or teachers’ testimonies which contradict the scientific fact. Findings revealed that when a scientific explanation was not provided, the children tended to show deference to their teachers’ and especially mothers’ testimony. A week later, a follow-up measurement revealed that this impact did not last a week.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Growth in Cancer Survivors: Narrative Markers and Functions of The Experience's Transformation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Martino ◽  
Maria Francesca Freda
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Transformative Function ◽  
The Relationship

The concept that a traumatic experience, such as a cancer, can lead to a positive change and transformation of self, life and relationships was named as post-traumatic growth (PTG). A large amount of research measured PTG in cancer survivors arguing an interpretation of the construct as an outcome. Recently, qualitative research shows different types of narrative of PTG, but the narrative markers and their functions of transformation remain still unclear. Within a mixed-method, we aim to highlight the narrative markers and their transformative functions, underlying the PTG, within 12 cancer survivors’ narratives with medium/high and medium/low level of PTG. A redemptive sequence analysis was carried out. In the narratives with high/medium PTG we find a specific transformative function on-thinking focused transformation founded on the change/expansion of the own internal criteria to interpret the relationship with the world centralizing the self in the present and future; in the narratives with medium/low PTG we find an on-acting focused transformation, founded on the change of the operational procedures aimed to live centered on the present and on its moments.

scholarly journals Mentalization mediates the relation between early traumatic experiences and aggressive behavior in adolescence

Psihologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja Taubner ◽  
Christian Curth
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Reflective Functioning ◽  
Adult Attachment Interview ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Experience Of Care ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to examine whether mentalization serves as a protective factor against aggressive behavior in adolescence in the context of early traumatization. We present data from a non-clinical sample of adolescents from Germany (n=97) and calculate a mediation model to test the link between early traumatic experiences and aggressive behavior with mentalizing skills as a mediator. Mentalization was assessed with the Reflective Functioning Scale on the Adult-Attachment-Interview and aggressive behavior was measured with the Reactive-Proactive-Aggression-Questionnaire. Traumatic experience was operationalized as physical and/or sexual abuse as reported in the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire. Results show a complete mediation for Reflective Functioning on the relationship between early abuse and aggressive behavior. Thus, the findings of the study support an understanding of mentalizing as a protective factor for the relationship between early abusive experience and the development of aggressive behavior. Clinical implications are discussed.

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