Changes in group process over time in a multicultural training group

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bahrman ◽  
Brett A. Shumway ◽  
Tracie Hitter ◽  
Ginger Dickson ◽  
Michael Waldo
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Over Time

Changes in Group Process Over Time in a Multicultural Training Group

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bahrman ◽  
Brett A. Shumway ◽  
Tracie Hitter ◽  
Ginger Dickson ◽  
Michael Waldo
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Over Time

Exercise training-induced changes in the gut microbiota of Standardbred racehorses

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H.D. Janabi ◽  
A.S. Biddle ◽  
D. Klein ◽  
K.H. McKeever
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Training Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shannon Diversity Index ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Over Time

Exercise has a significant effect on different physiological systems in the body of human and animals. Only limited numbers of published studies in laboratory animals or humans have shown the effect of exercise on the gut microbiota, and no studies have shown this effect in horses. In this study, 8 horses (4 mares, 4 geldings) were exercise trained for 12 weeks, and 4 additional mares were used as a parallel seasonal control. To identify bacterial community changes over time for both groups, rectal faecal samples were collected, DNA was extracted, and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. One-way ANOVA, Shannon diversity index, and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) were used to identify differences between and among samples. The exercise training group showed significant changes in the levels of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes phyla (P<0.05), while there were no changes in the gut microbiota of the seasonal control group through the three months of the study (P>0.05). Moreover, with training two genera significantly changed in their relative abundance over time, namely Clostridium and Dysgonomonas (P<0.05). Dysgonomonas spp. was significantly changed in abundance during the exercise training period (P<0.05). Also Treponema spp. showed significant changes during the exercise training period (P<0.05). Shannon diversity index was decreased (P<0.05) in the exercise group at the beginning of the study, but then returned to pre-training levels. PCoA showed significant separation between time points of the exercise training group as far as the levels of genera and species (P<0.05) represented. Our results show that exercise training influences the gut microbiota, especially at the beginning of training.

scholarly journals Turkish counselor trainees’ experiences regarding experiential groups: A qualitative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Burcu Pamukçu ◽  
Dilek Yelda Kağnıcı
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Counselor Trainees ◽  
Counseling Students ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Experiential Training ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Phenomenological Research Design ◽  
Experiential Groups ◽  
Experiential Counseling

The purpose of the study was to examine Turkish counselor trainees’ experiences in participating in an experiential training group. The phenomenological research design was used to understand counselor trainees’ experiences in experiential group. The 18 undergraduate counseling students (14 female and 4 male) enrolled in a group counseling course were the participants of the study. The data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews after the completion of twelve- week experiential counseling groups. Content analysis was used to analyze the data and according to results, three main themes emerged: a) perceptions, b) contributions and c) problems. Under the perceptions theme emotions and metaphors codes emerged. Vocational and personal contributions were two main codes emerged under the contributions theme. And under the problems theme, two codes emerged as group structure and group process. The findings were discussed in the light of the literature and recommendations for counselor educators and researchers are presented. 

scholarly journals Opening the Black Box: A Multilevel Framework for Studying Group Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas W. B. Lang ◽  
Paul D. Bliese ◽  
Amy B. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Group Learning ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Modeling Group ◽  
Process Framework ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Over Time

Over time, groups can change in at least two important ways. First, they can display different trajectories (e.g., increases or decreases) on constructs of interest. Second, the configuration of group members’ responses within a group can change, such that the members become more or less similar to each other. Psychologists have historically been interested in understanding changes in groups over time; however, there is currently no comprehensive quantitative framework for studying and modeling group processes over time. We present a multilevel framework for such research—the multilevel group-process framework (MGPF). The MGPF builds on a statistical approach developed to capture whether individual members of a group develop a shared climate over time, but we extend the core ideas in two important ways. First, we describe how researchers can gain insights into group phenomena such as group leniency, group learning, groupthink, group extremity, group forming, group freezing, and group adjourning through modeling change in latent mean levels and consensus. Second, we present a sequence of model-testing steps that enable researchers to systematically study and contrast different group processes. We describe how the MGPF can lead to novel research questions and illustrate its use in two example data sets.

Transfer of Communication Skills to the Workplace: Impact of a 38-Hour Communication Skills Training Program Designed for Radiotherapy Teams

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Merckaert ◽  
France Delevallez ◽  
Anne-Sophie Gibon ◽  
Aurore Liénard ◽  
Yves Libert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Radiotherapy Planning ◽  
Satisfaction With Care ◽  
Communication Skills Training ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study assessed the efficacy of a 38-hour communication skills training program designed to train a multidisciplinary radiotherapy team. Methods Four radiotherapy teams were randomly assigned to a training program or a waiting list. Assessments were scheduled at baseline and after training for the training group and at baseline and 4 months later for the waiting list group. Assessments included an audio recording of a radiotherapy planning session to assess team members' communication skills and expression of concerns of patients with breast cancer (analyzed with content analysis software) and an adapted European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer satisfaction with care questionnaire completed by patients at the end of radiotherapy. Results Two hundred thirty-seven radiotherapy planning sessions were recorded. Compared with members of the untrained teams, members of the trained teams acquired, over time, more assessment skills (P = .003) and more supportive skills (P = .050) and provided more setting information (P = .010). Over time, patients interacting with members of the trained teams asked more open questions (P = .022), expressed more emotional words (P = .025), and exhibited a higher satisfaction level regarding nurses' interventions (P = .028). Conclusion The 38-hour training program facilitated transfer of team member learned communication skills to the clinical practice and improved patients' satisfaction with care.

scholarly journals A method for improving farm practice: a case study of pugging

1997 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
I.S. Tarbotton ◽  
M.S. Paine ◽  
M.E. Wedderburn ◽  
M. Carlyon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Physical Resources ◽  
Farm System ◽  
Over Time

Historically farmers made little distinction between farming for product or farming to maintain the physical resources for future generations but now have to demonstrate the latter. With this challenge, Federated Farmers, AgResearch, Livestock Improvement Corporation and Environment Waikato initiated study groups in the Waikato, linking farmers, scientists and policy agents. A case study of pugging (stock treading) management is used to demonstrate the group participatory process. The key stages in the group's development over time are explained. Throughout these stages, exchange of principles, experiences, ideas and data about pugging were aligned to the group's needs. Management guidelines to minimise pugging damage in both winter and spring were identified. The economic impact of pugging damage to paddocks was analysed at the farm level using UDDER. A comparative discussion of the group process compares the experiences of participants with published claims about study groups. Discussion of the group process calls for the need to develop methods for analysing group process. Keywords: decision-making, farm system, monitoring, participatory process, pugging, resource management, study groups

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

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