Risk behavior and emotionally interfered working memory in adolescents from rural areas: Normative data and correlations.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Gilberto Galindo-Aldana ◽  
Luis Ledesma-Amaya ◽  
Luisa García-Gomar ◽  
Agustín Negrete-Cortes ◽  
Javier Galarza-Del-Ángel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Normative Data

scholarly journals Normative Data for Executive Function and Emotion Interaction Assessment in Adolescents from Rural Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1252-1252
Author(s):  
G Galindo ◽  
J Galarza ◽  
L García ◽  
A Padilla ◽  
A Negrete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Northwest Mexico ◽  
Geographically Distributed

Abstract Objective The present work is part of the ongoing project of examining the validation and standardization of the Executive Functions and Emotion Assessment for Adolescents with Risk Behaviors (EFEAA) test in the rural areas of Northwest Mexico. The objectives of the present study were (1) to examine the effects of age and risk behavior on emotionally interfered working memory ability, measured as performance on the Emotionally Interfered Working Memory Task (EIWMT) section of the EFEAA in a group of healthy adolescents from rural areas; and (2) to use these results to construct normative data that can be used in clinical practice. Participants and Method A total of 275 adolescents, 14.1 years old, geographically distributed among northwest Mexico were included in the sample. They were individually assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Risk Behavior Questionnaire, including: sexual risk behavior, impulsiveness, drug, alcohol, and tobacco consumption, unhealthy food intake, and physical inactivity; for measuring emotion-cognition interaction we used the EIWMT. Results Results of this study present a database supported by factors of risk behavior and working memory, which includes: predictors for conduct disorders, drug use, and delinquency, in addition to correlations between the performance of emotionally interfered working memory and risk behaviors associated to health. Percentile and normal distribution tables were generated, demonstrating that there is a high prevalence of risk behavior in rural areas. Conclusions This study demonstrates data related to rural areas in northwest Mexico, a region where adolescents are frequently involved in risk behaviors. Additionally, protective factors are understudied in Mexico-US border cities. Further analyses are needed to find reward delay skills on the studied sample as well as urban area comparisons.

Digit Span Performance in Children with Dystrophinopathy: A Verbal Span or Working Memory Contribution?

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily B. Leaffer ◽  
Robert J. Fee ◽  
Veronica J. Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
General Level ◽  
Span Length ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression

AbstractObjectives: In a large cohort of boys with dystrophinopathies and their unaffected siblings, we examined whether consistently observed performance on digit span is due primarily to a verbal span or executive deficit. We additionally assessed whether digit span performance contributed to the observed variability in reading performance noted in this population. Methods: Performance of 170 boys with dystrophinopathy was compared to 95 unaffected sibling controls on measures of verbal function, reading, and digit span. Maximum digit span forward (DSF) and backward (DSB) lengths were converted to Z-scores using normative data. Independent sample t tests, analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression were run (α=0.05). Results: Probands performed worse than controls on digit span, even after accounting for differences in general verbal function (p<.0001). Differences were significant for both DSF (p<.005) and DSB (p<.0001) span length, and an interaction effect yielded significantly worse DSB compared with DSF (p=.01). Reading performance was also lower in probands (p<.0001). The contribution of general level of verbal function, and forward and backward span lengths, did not vary between groups. Conclusions: In boys with dystrophinopathy, decreased performance on digit span appears to be due to both decreased span forward (measuring verbal span only) and backward (measuring verbal span and working memory). The extent to which sibling controls exhibited better performance compared to the probands was significantly greater for backward span when compared with forward span. Thus, immediate verbal memory and executive control are differentially compromised among boys with dystrophinopathy, and both of these abilities independently contribute to reading performance. (JINS, 2016, 22, 777–784)

Measuring Working Memory Capacity With Automated Complex Span Tasks

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Redick ◽  
James M. Broadway ◽  
Matt E. Meier ◽  
Princy S. Kuriakose ◽  
Nash Unsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Reading Span ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Complex Span ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Span Tasks

Individual differences in working memory capacity are related to a variety of behaviors both within and outside of the lab. Recently developed automated complex span tasks have contributed to increasing our knowledge concerning working memory capacity by making valid and reliable assessments freely available for use by researchers. Combining the samples from three testing locations yielded data from over 6,000 young adult participants who performed at least one of three such tasks (Operation, Symmetry, and Reading Span). Normative data are presented here for researchers interested in applying cutoffs for their own applications, and information on the validity and reliability of the tasks is also reported. In addition, the data were analyzed as a function of sex and college status. While automated complex span tasks are just one way to measure working memory capacity, the use of a standardized procedure for administration and scoring greatly facilitates comparison across studies.

scholarly journals An Auditory Stroop Test to Implement in Cognitive Hearing Sciences: Development and Normative Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Katrien Kestens ◽  
Sofie Degeest ◽  
Marijke Miatton ◽  
Hannah Keppler
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Interference Score ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objective: This study developed and gained insight in an auditory Stroop test, implementable in cognitive hearing sciences. Methods: An auditory Stroop test was developed and performed in 178 participants, aged between 18 and 69 years. This Auditory Stroop test consisted of two tests: Stroop-tones and Stroop-words whereby the pitch of pure-tones and spoken words (i.e., the words high and low) had to be identified by high or low, respectively. An interference score was calculated as a measure of verbal executive functioning. Regression models were conducted to examine the effect of age, sex, education, awakeness, hearing, as well as visual and verbal working memory, and processing speed on the auditory Stroop scores. Normative data were obtained per age decade. Results: Compared to the visual counterparts, the auditory Stroop outcomes were better predicted by verbal working memory and processing speed. A trend was observed showing a decrease in performances with increasing age. No other participant-related variables had a significant relationship with the auditory Stroop test. Conclusion: This auditory Stroop test was considered a good test for measuring executive functioning using auditory stimuli. Implementing this auditory Stroop test within cognitive hearing sciences will contribute to unravel the auditory-cognitive perspective of speech understanding.

Normative data and validation of the Italian translation of the Working Memory Questionnaire (WMQ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Guariglia ◽  
Flavio Giaimo ◽  
Massimiliano Palmiero ◽  
Laura Piccardi
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Italian Translation ◽  
Memory Questionnaire

Evaluating short-term and working memory in older adults: French normative data

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Fournet ◽  
Jean-Luc Roulin ◽  
Fanny Vallet ◽  
Marine Beaudoin ◽  
Stefan Agrigoroaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Normative Data for Two Working Memory Tasks in Spanish-Speaking US-Dwelling Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1275
Author(s):  
T Seider ◽  
A Gooding ◽  
M J Marquine ◽  
P Suarez ◽  
M Rivera Mindt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Abstract Objective Working memory assessment is an important component of a neuropsychological evaluation. The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition Letter Number Sequencing subtest (LNS) are two commonly used measures of working memory. Demographic variables (age, education, ethnicity, and country of origin) can impact performance on these measures, underscoring the need for demographically adjusted norms when utilizing these tests. We aimed to develop normative data for the PASAT and LNS for Spanish-speaking adults living in the US. Participants and Method The PASAT and LNS were administered to Spanish-speaking adults living in the US-Mexico border regions of California and Arizona as part of a larger normative effort in this population. Two hundred and forty-nine participants completed the PASAT and a subset (n = 202) also completed LNS. Ages ranged from 19-60 and education from 0-20 years. Results Older age was associated with lower scores on LNS (p &lt; .01), but not the PASAT. Lower education was associated with lower scores on both tests (ps &lt; .001). Females obtained lower raw scores than males on the PASAT (ps &lt; .003), and there were no significant main effects of gender on LNS raw scores. Raw-to-scaled score conversions were calculated for the PASAT-50 item, PASAT-200 item, and LNS, and fractional polynomial equations were developed to calculate demographically-adjusted T-scores accounting for age, education, and gender. Published norms for English-speaking non-Hispanic Whites drastically overestimated rates of impairment (defined as T-score &lt; 40) on both the PASAT and LNS. Conclusions The use of the population-specific normative data may improve detection of working memory dysfunction in Spanish-speaking adults living in the US and contribute to improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning in this population.

Development of forensic normative data for the WAIS-IV

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda Charlotte Flinn ◽  
Charlotte Louise Hassett ◽  
Louise Braham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning

Purpose The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) (Wechsler, 2008) is a cognitive assessment that is often used in secure forensic settings, however it has not been normed on this population. The purpose of this paper is to develop forensic normative data. Design/methodology/approach Patient files in a high secure forensic hospital were reviewed in order to obtain completed WAIS-IV (Wechsler, 2008) assessments and scores from the five indexes (verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed and full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ)). This included reviewing patient files from all directorates, including male mental health, male learning disability, male personality disorder and the women’s service, yielding a sample size of n=86. Findings The qualitative descriptors obtained across the hospital ranged between extremely low and superior. The learning disability service scored significantly lower than the mental health and personality disorder services in verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, working memory index and FSIQ, and significantly lower than the mental health, personality disorder and women’s services in processing speed index. Mean scores from this study were significantly lower in comparison to those from the UK validation study (Wechsler, 2008). Practical implications The significant difference between scores from the current study and those from the UK validation study (Wechsler, 2008) highlights the need to have appropriate normative data for forensic populations. Clinicians should consider interventions that may serve to increase cognitive function, such as cognitive remediation therapy. Originality/value Whilst several special group studies have previously been conducted, this study is the first to develop forensic normative data for the WAIS-IV (Wechsler, 2008). Whilst the sample size was relatively small with limited female participants, the data collated will enable clinicians working in forensic establishments to interpret their assessments in light of this information.

scholarly journals Adaptation into European Spanish of the Automated Working Memory Test Battery (AWMA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Pérez ◽  
Flavia H. Santos ◽  
Lidia Gómez-Cobos ◽  
Lorenzo Hernández-Pallarés ◽  
Victoria Cuello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Verbal Material ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Memory Assessment

<p>iversidThe current study presents the adaptation of Automated Working Memory Assessment into European Spanish, considering the need of calibration for accent and linguistic issues not supported by the version available. For this purpose, verbal material was carefully and properly selected, considering specificities of the European Spanish, in order to control possible effects of psycholinguistic factors, such as word length or lexical frequency, and technical aspects such as stimuli presentation speed and sound quality were also tuned. An exploratory sample of 81 children from 7- to 9-year-old was assessed to confirm that the adaptation is suitable for further use, besides, their scores were contrasted with the Argentinean children. The data showed proper validity and reliability scores, which characterize this version as a useful instrument for research purposes, and its usage in further studies should be encourage to gather normative data for Spaniards.</p>

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