scholarly journals Microbial interactions in the mosquito gut determine Serratia colonization and blood-feeding propensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Elena V. Kozlova ◽  
Shivanand Hegde ◽  
Christopher M. Roundy ◽  
George Golovko ◽  
Miguel A. Saldaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Competence ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
Microbiome Analysis ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Native Host ◽  
Mosquito Behavior

AbstractHow microbe–microbe interactions dictate microbial complexity in the mosquito gut is unclear. Previously we found that, Serratia, a gut symbiont that alters vector competence and is being considered for vector control, poorly colonized Aedes aegypti yet was abundant in Culex quinquefasciatus reared under identical conditions. To investigate the incompatibility between Serratia and Ae. aegypti, we characterized two distinct strains of Serratia marcescens from Cx. quinquefasciatus and examined their ability to infect Ae. aegypti. Both Serratia strains poorly infected Ae. aegypti, but when microbiome homeostasis was disrupted, the prevalence and titers of Serratia were similar to the infection in its native host. Examination of multiple genetically diverse Ae. aegypti lines found microbial interference to S. marcescens was commonplace, however, one line of Ae. aegypti was susceptible to infection. Microbiome analysis of resistant and susceptible lines indicated an inverse correlation between Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and Serratia, and experimental co-infections in a gnotobiotic system recapitulated the interference phenotype. Furthermore, we observed an effect on host behavior; Serratia exposure to Ae. aegypti disrupted their feeding behavior, and this phenotype was also reliant on interactions with their native microbiota. Our work highlights the complexity of host–microbe interactions and provides evidence that microbial interactions influence mosquito behavior.

scholarly journals Microbial interactions in the mosquito gut determine Serratia colonization and blood feeding propensity.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V Kozlova ◽  
Shivanand Hegde ◽  
Christopher M Roundy ◽  
George Golovko ◽  
Miguel A Saldana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vector Competence ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Microbiome Analysis ◽  
Mosquito Behaviour ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Behaviour ◽  
Native Host

How microbe-microbe interactions dictate microbial complexity in the mosquito gut is unclear. Previously we found that Serratia, a gut symbiont that alters vector competence and is being considered for vector control, poorly colonized Aedes aegypti yet was abundant in Culex quinquefasciatus reared under identical conditions. To investigate the incompatibility between Serratia and Ae. aegypti, we characterized two distinct strains of Serratia marcescens from Cx. quinquefasciatus and examined their ability to infect Ae. aegypti. Both Serratia strains poorly infected Ae. aegypti, but when microbiome homeostasis was disrupted, the prevalence and titers of Serratia were similar to the infection in its native host. Examination of multiple genetically diverse Ae. aegypti lines found microbial interference to S. marcescens was commonplace, however one line of Ae. aegypti was susceptible to infection. Microbiome analysis of resistant and susceptible lines indicated an inverse correlation between Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and Serratia, and experimental co-infections in a gnotobiotic system recapitulated the interference phenotype. Furthermore, we observed an effect on host behaviour; Serratia exposure to Ae. aegypti disrupted their feeding behaviour, and this phenotype was also reliant on interactions with their native microbiota. Our work highlights the complexity of host-microbe interactions and provides evidence that microbial interactions influence mosquito behaviour.

scholarly journals Spatial metabolomics of in situ, host-microbe interactions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt K Geier ◽  
Emilia Sogin ◽  
Dolma Michellod ◽  
Moritz Janda ◽  
Mario Kompauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Mass Spectrometry

Spatial metabolomics describes the location and chemistry of small molecules involved in metabolic phenotypes, defense molecules and chemical interactions in natural communities. Most current techniques are unable to spatially link the genotype and metabolic phenotype of microorganisms in situ at a scale relevant to microbial interactions. Here, we present a spatial metabolomics pipeline (metaFISH) that combines fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy and high-resolution atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry imaging (AP-MALDI-MSI) to image host-microbe symbioses and their metabolic interactions. metaFISH aligns and integrates metabolite and fluorescent images at the micrometer-scale for a spatial assignment of host and symbiont metabolites on the same tissue section. To illustrate the advantages of metaFISH, we mapped the spatial metabolome of a deep-sea mussel and its intracellular symbiotic bacteria at the scale of individual epithelial host cells. Our analytical pipeline revealed metabolic adaptations of the epithelial cells to the intracellular symbionts, a variation in metabolic phenotypes in one symbiont type, and novel symbiosis metabolites. metaFISH provides a culture-independent approach to link metabolic phenotypes to community members in situ - a powerful tool for microbiologists across fields.

scholarly journals Bacterial Co-Occurrence Patterns Between Human Milk and Microbial Sites of Breastfeeding Dyads

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 966-966
Author(s):  
Erin Davis ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Sharon Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Occurrence Patterns

Abstract Objectives The human milk (HM) microbiota is predicted to originate from the maternal gastrointestinal tract, saliva and breast skin, and infant saliva. Though compositionally distinct, these habitats are strongly associated during breastfeeding. Vertical microbial transmission from mother to infant has been documented, but complex microbial interactions between sites are less clear. Herein, ecological networks between HM bacteria and other microbial sites of breastfeeding dyads were assessed to investigate the origin of the HM microbiota and how it may shape the infant gut microbiota. Methods DNA was extracted from maternal and infant saliva, HM, breast skin, and maternal and infant stool samples collected at 6 weeks postpartum from 33 mother-infant pairs. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and taxonomy was assigned using QIIME 2. Co-occurrence patterns among genus-level abundance data were analyzed in CoNet (Cytoscape 3.0). Results Twenty-one significant co-presence relationships were identified between HM and other microbial communities. Associations spanned from six nodes in HM including Corynebacterium, Cutibacterium, Gemella, Rothia, Veillonella, and Actinomyces. Co-presence between Cutibacterium, Veillonella, Actinomyces, and Corynebacterium on skin and HM were identified, supporting breast skin as a principal contributor to the HM microbiota. Interestingly, Bifidobacterium in infant saliva was associated with Gemella and Rothia in HM. The greatest number of relationships existed between HM and infant stool. HM Gemella, Actinomyces, and Corynebacterium were associated with Bacteroides in infant stool; HM Actinomyces was also associated with infant fecal Escherichia-Shigella and Eggerthella. Additional relationships were identified between HM and maternal saliva and fecal microbiota. Conclusions Several unique ecological relationships exist between HM and microbial sites of breastfeeding dyads. Whether these relationships are indicative of proximity, mutualism, or are biomarkers of other host-microbe interactions remains to be determined. These data will be useful to uncover mechanisms driving microbial community organization and potential targets for microbial modulation in this population. Funding Sources National Dairy Council, NIH, The Gerber Foundation, The Doris Kelley Christopher Foundation.

Host–symbiont–pathogen interactions in blood-feeding parasites: nutrition, immune cross-talk and gene exchange

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 1294-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Husnik
Keyword(s):  
Cross Talk ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Gene Exchange ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Nutritional Strategy ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Gut Symbionts ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

AbstractAnimals are common hosts of mutualistic, commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Blood-feeding parasites feed on a diet that is nutritionally unbalanced and thus often rely on symbionts to supplement essential nutrients. However, they are also of medical importance as they can be infected by pathogens such as bacteria, protists or viruses that take advantage of the blood-feeding nutritional strategy for own transmission. Since blood-feeding evolved multiple times independently in diverse animals, it showcases a gradient of host–microbe interactions. While some parasitic lineages are possibly asymbiotic and manage to supplement their diet from other food sources, other lineages are either loosely associated with extracellular gut symbionts or harbour intracellular obligate symbionts that are essential for the host development and reproduction. What is perhaps even more diverse are the pathogenic lineages that infect blood-feeding parasites. This microbial diversity not only puts the host into a complicated situation – distinguishing between microorganisms that can greatly decrease or increase its fitness – but also increases opportunity for horizontal gene transfer to occur in this environment. In this review, I first introduce this diversity of mutualistic and pathogenic microorganisms associated with blood-feeding animals and then focus on patterns in their interactions, particularly nutrition, immune cross-talk and gene exchange.

Exploring Host-Microbe Interactions in Hydra

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Fraune ◽  
Thomas C. G. Bosch ◽  
René Augustin
Keyword(s):  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

Pharmacology of T2R Mediated Host–Microbe Interactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Reddy Medapati ◽  
Anjali Y. Bhagirath ◽  
Nisha Singh ◽  
Prashen Chelikani
Keyword(s):  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

scholarly journals Organoids to Dissect Gastrointestinal Virus–Host Interactions: What Have We Learned?

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 999
Author(s):  
Sue E. Crawford ◽  
Sasirekha Ramani ◽  
Sarah E. Blutt ◽  
Mary K. Estes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Human Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Human Viruses ◽  
Human Infections

Historically, knowledge of human host–enteric pathogen interactions has been elucidated from studies using cancer cells, animal models, clinical data, and occasionally, controlled human infection models. Although much has been learned from these studies, an understanding of the complex interactions between human viruses and the human intestinal epithelium was initially limited by the lack of nontransformed culture systems, which recapitulate the relevant heterogenous cell types that comprise the intestinal villus epithelium. New investigations using multicellular, physiologically active, organotypic cultures produced from intestinal stem cells isolated from biopsies or surgical specimens provide an exciting new avenue for understanding human specific pathogens and revealing previously unknown host–microbe interactions that affect replication and outcomes of human infections. Here, we summarize recent biologic discoveries using human intestinal organoids and human enteric viral pathogens.

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