scholarly journals Exploring the impact of cancer registry completeness on international cancer survival differences: a simulation study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese M.-L. Andersson ◽  
Mark J. Rutherford ◽  
Tor Åge Myklebust ◽  
Bjørn Møller ◽  
Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
International Partnership ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Survival Differences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Data from population-based cancer registries are often used to compare cancer survival between countries or regions. The ICBP SURVMARK-2 study is an international partnership aiming to quantify and explore the reasons behind survival differences across high-income countries. However, the magnitude and relevance of differences in cancer survival between countries have been questioned, as it is argued that observed survival variations may be explained, at least in part, by differences in cancer registration practice, completeness and the availability and quality of the respective data sources. Methods As part of the ICBP SURVMARK-2 study, we used a simulation approach to better understand how differences in completeness, the characteristics of those missed and inclusion of cases found from death certificates can impact on cancer survival estimates. Results Bias in 1- and 5-year net survival estimates for 216 simulated scenarios is presented. Out of the investigated factors, the proportion of cases not registered through sources other than death certificates, had the largest impact on survival estimates. Conclusion Our results show that the differences in registration practice between participating countries could in our most extreme scenarios explain only a part of the largest observed differences in cancer survival.

scholarly journals Marginal measures and causal effects using the relative survival framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisavet Syriopoulou ◽  
Mark J Rutherford ◽  
Paul C Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Avoidable Deaths ◽  
Competing Events ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Survival Studies ◽  
Survival Differences ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In population-based cancer survival studies, the event of interest is usually death due to cancer. However, other competing events may be present. Relative survival is a commonly used measure in cancer studies that circumvents problems caused by the inaccuracy of the cause of death information. A summary of the prognosis of the cancer population and potential differences between subgroups can be obtained using marginal estimates of relative survival. Methods We utilize regression standardization to obtain marginal estimates of interest in a relative survival framework. Such measures include the standardized relative survival, standardized all-cause survival and standardized crude probabilities of death. Contrasts of these can be formed to explore differences between exposure groups and under certain assumptions are interpreted as causal effects. The difference in standardized all-cause survival can also provide an estimate for the impact of eliminating cancer-related differences between exposure groups. The potential avoidable deaths after such hypothetical scenarios can also be estimated. To illustrate the methods we use the example of survival differences across socio-economic groups for colon cancer. Results Using relative survival, a range of marginal measures and contrasts were estimated. For these measures we either focused on cancer-related differences only or chose to incorporate both cancer and other cause differences. The impact of eliminating differences between groups was also estimated. Another useful way for quantifying that impact is the avoidable deaths under hypothetical scenarios. Conclusions Marginal estimates within the relative survival framework provide useful summary measures and can be applied to better understand differences across exposure groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nocturia among community-dwelling adults: a population-based study in Malaysia

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Yin Yow ◽  
John Jeh Lung Tiong ◽  
Chun-Wai Mai ◽  
Esther van der Werf ◽  
Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Condition ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Nocturia is widely prevalent condition with detrimental effects on quality of life and general health. In Malaysia, there is a lack of up-to-date prevalence study on nocturia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nocturia and awareness pertaining to nocturia among Malaysian adults. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted among Malaysian adults aged ≥ 18 years old. The data was collected by mixed mode self-administered questionnaire from May 2019 to September 2019. Nocturia was defined as one or more voids at night. Results There were a total of 4616 respondents with 74.5% of response rate. The overall prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults was found to be 57.3%. In multivariate analysis, respondents aged 31–40 (1.91 [1.52–2.40]) or > 60 years old (2.03 [1.48–2.71]), and those who presented with hypertension (2.84 [2.28–3.53]), diabetes mellitus (1.78 [1.42–2.25]), renal disease (3.58 [1.93–6.63]) or overactive bladder (1.61 [1.10–2.35]) were associated with higher prevalence of nocturia. A significantly lower disease prevalence (p < 0.05) was noted among those aged 41–50 (0.73 [0.59–0.91]), male (0.78 [0.69–0.88]) and Chinese (0.47 [0.30–0.74]) or Indian (0.34 [0.21–0.54]) ethnicities. A total of 37.3% of respondents with nocturia reported that they faced sleeping difficulty about half the time or more after waking up in the middle of night. Those who had ≥ 2 voids per night experienced significantly higher mean bother score than those who had 1 void per night (p < 0.001). Approximately half (56.7%) of all respondents were not aware that night time urination is a medical condition. Only 25.2% of respondents with nocturia had sought medical attention for their nocturia. Conclusions The prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults is high and strongly influenced by age, sex, race and comorbidities. However, the general awareness pertaining to nocturia being a health issue remains low among Malaysians. The findings also highlighted the impact of nocturia on sleep and the need for nocturia education to better address this disease.

scholarly journals Driving Factors for the Utilisation of Healthcare Services by People with Osteoarthritis: Results from A Nationwide Population-Based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Costa ◽  
Ana M Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo B Cruz ◽  
Helena Canhão ◽  
Jaime da Cunha Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Worldwide, the current management of knee osteoarthritis appears heterogeneous, high-cost and often not based on current best evidence. The absence of epidemiological data regarding the utilisation of healthcare services may conceal the need for improvements in the management of osteoarthritis. The aim of this study is to explore the profiles of healthcare services utilisation by people with knee osteoarthritis, and to analyse their determinants, according to Andersen’s behavioural model. Methods: We analysed a sample of 978 participants diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis from the population-based study EpiReumaPt . Data was collected with a structured interview, and the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis was validated by a rheumatologist team. With the Two-step Cluster procedure, we primarily identified different profiles of healthcare utilisation according to the services most used by patients with knee osteoarthritis. Secondly, we analysed the determinants of each profile, using multinomial logistic regression, according to the predisposing characteristics, enabling factors and need variables.Results: In our sample, a high proportion of participants are overweight or obese (82,6%, n=748) and physically inactive (20,6%, n=201) and a small proportion had physiotherapy management (14,4%, n=141). We identified three profiles of healthcare utilisation: “HighUsers”; “GPUsers”; “LowUsers”. “HighUsers” represents more than 35% of the sample, and are also the participants with higher utilisation of medical appointments. "GPUsers" represent the participants with higher utilisation of general practitioner appointments. Within these profiles, age and geographic location – indicated as predisposing characteristics; employment status and healthcare insurance - as enabling factors; number of comorbidities, physical function, health-related quality of life, anxiety and physical exercise - as need variables, showed associations ( p <0,05) with the higher utilisation of healthcare services profiles. Conclusions: Healthcare utilisation by people with knee osteoarthritis is not driven only by clinical needs. The predisposing characteristics and enabling factors associated with healthcare utilisation reveal inequities in the access to healthcare and variability in the management of people with knee osteoarthritis. Research and implementation of whole-system strategies to improve equity in the access and quality of care are paramount in order to diminish the impact of osteoarthritis at individual-, societal- and economic-level.

scholarly journals Relationship between dental fluorosis and quality of life: a population based study

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgard Michel-Crosato ◽  
Maria Gabriela Haye Biazevic ◽  
Edgard Crosato
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren aged 6 to 15 and its possible association with the impacts on their daily activities. This study is observational, cross-sectional and analytical. A total of 513 schoolchildren from the city of Pinheiro Preto, SC, took part in this study. The children were examined by three calibrated dentists, after obtaining a kappa > 0.80. To assess the prevalence of fluorosis, clinical examinations were performed according to the methodology set forth by the 4th edition of the WHO. To assess the impact of fluorosis on their daily activities, a modified OIDP (Oral Impacts on Daily Performance) was adopted. The statistical analysis used was the Chi-squared test with a 5% significance level. Of the total number of children examined, 262 (51.1%) were of the female gender and 251 (48.9%) were of the male gender. In regard to the prevalence of fluorosis, 94 (18.3%) of the children presented this condition, while 419 children (81.7%) presented a normal condition. In regard to the severity of fluorosis, few children presented severe alterations. No association was found between dental fluorosis and gender (p = 0.646), between fluorosis and socioeconomic status (p = 0.848) or between fluorosis and access to public water supply system (p = 0.198). The activities that most affected children's daily performance were: oral hygiene (40.9%) and food intake or enjoying food (40.4%). None of the daily activities could be associated with the occurrence of dental fluorosis. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was consonant with the standards found for locations with optimum fluoride content in the water supply. The questionable and very slight levels of fluorosis were the most frequently found, without influence in the quality of life of the schoolchildren participating in the study.

scholarly journals Clinicopathologic Features and Outcome of Adenocarcinoma of the Anal Canal: A Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shekhar Gogna ◽  
Roberto Bergamaschi ◽  
Agon Kajmolli ◽  
Mahir Gachabayov ◽  
Aram Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Well Differentiated

Background. Anal canal adenocarcinoma (AA) is an uncommon tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. We seek to provide a detailed description of the incidence, demographics, and outcome of this rare tumor in the United States. Methods. The data on anal canal adenocarcinoma from SEER Program, between 1973–2015, were extracted. We analyzed the incidence rates by demographics and tumor characteristics, followed by analysis of its impact on survival. Results. The incidence of AA increased initially by 4.03% yearly from 1973 to 1985 but had a modest decline of 0.32% annually thereafter. The mean age for diagnosis of AA was 68.12 ± 14.02 years. Males outnumbered females by 54.8 to 45.2%. Tumors were mostly localized on presentation (44.4%) and moderately differentiated (41.1%). Age generally correlated with poor overall cancer survival. However, young patients (age <40 years) also showed poor long-term survival. Patients with localized disease and well-differentiated tumors showed better survival outcomes. Surgical intervention improved survival significantly as compared to patients who did not (116.7 months vs 42.7 months, p<0.01). Conclusions. Anal canal adenocarcinoma demonstrated a poor bimodal cancer-free survival in both younger and older patient groups. Surgery significantly improves odds of survival and should be offered to patients amenable to intervention.

scholarly journals Brain atlas for assessing the impact of tumor location on perioperative quality of life in patients with high-grade glioma: A prospective population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Millgård Sagberg ◽  
Daniel Høyer Iversen ◽  
Even Hovig Fyllingen ◽  
Asgeir Store Jakola ◽  
Ingerid Reinertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brain Atlas ◽  
High Grade ◽  
The Impact

Abstract 3707: Baseline quality of life and genetic determinants and the impact on five-year lung cancer survival

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne A. Pierzynski ◽  
Michelle A. Hildebrandt ◽  
Yuanqing Ye ◽  
Jack A. Roth ◽  
Xifeng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lung Cancer Survival

Studying Survival of Cancer Patients in Different Populations: Its Potential and Role

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Micheli ◽  
Gemma Gatta ◽  
Arduino Verdecchia
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Different Populations

Rationale Survival figures from a population-based study incorporate the overall practice in diagnosis, cure and clinical follow-up for a specific disease within a given health care system. Being the outcome of a number of individual, social and economical aspects, population-based survival may be thought as index for measuring the level of a country's development. Data The EUROCARE project, a European Cancer Registries (CR) concerted action, provided reliable information on survival for more than 800,000 cancer patients from 11 European countries. A great deal of epidemiologic information has derived from EUROCARE. Women had a longer survival than men for all studied tumour sites, except for the colon. European survival variability was fairly high for several cancers, but it was lower for cancers with a relatively good prognosis and those sensitive to treatment. The ranking of populations of cancer survival tended to be fairly stable for many cancers: CR of Switzerland and Finland ranked high and Polish CR low. Denmark, Italian and France CR did not substantially differ from the European survival average. For most cancers, prognosis improved during the studied period (years of diagnosis: 1978–1985). Survival figures for colon (r = 0.74, males; r = 0.73, women) and female breast cancer (r = 0.57) well correlated with the national health expenditure of different participating countries. The ITACARE study, a new Italian Cancer Registries collaborative project involving more than 100,000 cancer patients, was set up to study survival differences within the country. Survival of cancer patients was not homogeneous in 7 studied Italian regions (the estimated 5-year relative survival for all malignant neoplasms combined ranked from 37.8% in CR of Sicily to 42.1% in those of Emilia-Romagna). The lowest levels of regional health expenditures were accompanied by the lowest levels of prognosis for overall cancers. However, a relatively low correlation among patient cancer survival and the regional health expenditure (r = 0.21) was found, suggesting that other factors such as different efficiency in managing cancer may play a role in explaining the intracountry differences. Conclusions Population-based survival figures may be used to study epidemiologic aspects, comparing different health systems, and may be interpreted as indexes for discussing inequalities in health in different populations.

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