scholarly journals Atomic-layer Rashba-type superconductor protected by dynamic spin-momentum locking

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Yoshizawa ◽  
Takahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshitaka Nakata ◽  
Koichiro Yaji ◽  
Kenta Yokota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Critical Magnetic Field ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Fermi Surfaces ◽  
Dynamic Spin ◽  
Breaking Parameter ◽  
Spin Momentum

AbstractSpin-momentum locking is essential to the spin-split Fermi surfaces of inversion-symmetry broken materials, which are caused by either Rashba-type or Zeeman-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC). While the effect of Zeeman-type SOC on superconductivity has experimentally been shown recently, that of Rashba-type SOC remains elusive. Here we report on convincing evidence for the critical role of the spin-momentum locking on crystalline atomic-layer superconductors on surfaces, for which the presence of the Rashba-type SOC is demonstrated. In-situ electron transport measurements reveal that in-plane upper critical magnetic field is anomalously enhanced, reaching approximately three times the Pauli limit at T = 0. Our quantitative analysis clarifies that dynamic spin-momentum locking, a mechanism where spin is forced to flip at every elastic electron scattering, suppresses the Cooper pair-breaking parameter by orders of magnitude and thereby protects superconductivity. The present result provides a new insight into how superconductivity can survive the detrimental effects of strong magnetic fields and exchange interactions.

Colloidal magnetic nanocrystal clusters: variable length-scale interaction mechanisms, synergetic functionalities and technological advantages

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasia Kostopoulou ◽  
Alexandros Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Exchange Interactions ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Magnetic Nanocrystal

AbstractMagnetic particles of optimized nanoscale dimensions can be utilized as building blocks to generate colloidal nanocrystal assemblies with controlled size, well-defined morphology, and tailored properties. Recent advances in the state-of-the-art surfactant-assisted approaches for the directed aggregation of inorganic nanocrystals into cluster-like entities are discussed, and the synthesis parameters that determine their geometrical arrangement are highlighted. This review pays attention to the enhanced physical properties of iron oxide nanoclusters, while it also points to their emerging collective magnetic response. The current progress in experiment and theory for evaluating the strength and the role of intra- and inter-cluster interactions is analyzed in view of the spatial arrangement of the component nanocrystals. Numerous approaches have been proposed for the critical role of dipole-dipole and exchange interactions in establishing the nature of the nanoclusters’ cooperative magnetic behavior (be it ferromagnetic or spin-glass like). Finally, we point out why the purposeful engineering of the nanoclusters’ magnetic characteristics, including their surface functionality, may facilitate their use in diverse technological sectors ranging from nanomedicine and photonics to catalysis.

scholarly journals Robust procedure for creating and characterizing the atomic structure of scanning tunneling microscope tips

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2389-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Tewari ◽  
Koen M Bastiaans ◽  
Milan P Allan ◽  
Jan M van Ruitenbeek
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Stm Tips

Scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) are used extensively for studying and manipulating matter at the atomic scale. In spite of the critical role of the STM tip, procedures for controlling the atomic-scale shape of STM tips have not been rigorously justified. Here, we present a method for preparing tips in situ while ensuring the crystalline structure and a reproducibly prepared tip structure up to the second atomic layer. We demonstrate a controlled evolution of such tips starting from undefined tip shapes.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

A critical role of iNOS-derived Nitric Oxide (NO) and progesterone in implantation

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115A-115A
Author(s):  
K CHWALISZ ◽  
E WINTERHAGER ◽  
T THIENEL ◽  
R GARFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Critical Role

Bridging the Gap between Ethical Climate and Nurses’ Service Behaviors: the Critical Role of Professional Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Xing Bu ◽  
Zhenxing Gong ◽  
Gilal Faheem Gul
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Climate ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Well Being

Bridging the Knowledge Gaps in Arrhythmogenic Cardiovascular Conditions: The Critical Role of Registries

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Hermel ◽  
Rebecca Duffy ◽  
Alexander Orfanos ◽  
Isabelle Hack ◽  
Shayna McEnteggart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Future

Cardiac registries have filled many gaps in knowledge related to arrhythmogenic cardiovascular conditions. Despite the less robust level of evidence available in registries when compared with clinical trials, registries have contributed a range of clinically useful information. In this review, the authors discuss the role that registries have played – related to diagnosis, natural history, risk stratification, treatment, and genetics of arrhythmogenic cardiovascular conditions – in closing knowledge gaps, and their role in the future.

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