scholarly journals Inactivation and sensitization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by microplasma jet array for treating otitis media

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Sun ◽  
Jungeun Won ◽  
Gabrielle Choo-Kang ◽  
Shouyan Li ◽  
Wenyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Phantom Model ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Treatment Paradigm ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Jet Array

AbstractOtitis media (OM), known as a middle ear infection, is the leading cause of antibiotic prescriptions for children. With wide-spread use of antibiotics in OM, resistance to antibiotics continues to decrease the efficacy of the treatment. Furthermore, as the presence of a middle ear biofilm has contributed to this reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials, effective interventions are necessary. A miniaturized 3D-printed microplasma jet array has been developed to inactivate Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacterial strain associated with OM. The experiments demonstrate the disruption of planktonic and biofilm P. aeruginosa by long-lived molecular species generated by microplasma, as well as the synergy of combining microplasma treatment with antibiotic therapy. In addition, a middle ear phantom model was developed with an excised rat eardrum to investigate the antimicrobial effects of microplasma on bacteria located behind the eardrum, as in a patient-relevant setup. These results suggest the potential for microplasma as a new treatment paradigm for OM.

Acute Otitis Media Increases Middle Ear Susceptibility to Nasal Injection of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Antonelli ◽  
Steven K. John ◽  
Chap T. Le ◽  
G. Scott Giebink
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Penicillin Treatment

Pseudomonas aeruginosa was injected intranasally into four groups of chinchillas to determine if these bacteria can invade the middle ear by way of the eustachian tube. One group completed penicillin treatment of bilateral penumococcal otitis media (POM), and the second group started penicillin treatment of bilateral POM at the time of P. aeruginosa injection. A third group had no POM, but completed a course of penicillin treatment before P. aeruginosa injection, and a fourth group had no POM and received no penicillin. Middle ear susceptibility to nasally injected P. aeruginosa was significantly higher in animals with POM (61%) than in animals without POM (32%, p = 0.001). Forced eustachian tube opening pressures did not correlate with P. aeruginosa susceptibility. Thus, P. aeruginosa, the principle pathogen of chronic suppurative otitis media, can invade the middle ear by way of the eustachian tube, and acute otitis media predisposes to middle ear infection by P. aeurginosa.

Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media)

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
S. Michael Marcy ◽  
Michael E. Pichichero ◽  
Richard H. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

scholarly journals Luc Abscess: A Rare Complication of a Common Pediatric Ear Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Nurfadhilah Aisyah Murad ◽  
Zalilah Musa ◽  
Kharudin Abdullah ◽  
Irfan Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Bone Involvement ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
The Difference

Middle ear infection occurs when fluid accumulate in middle ear as a result of inflammatory response to viral or bacterial infection. Infections may spread from the middle ear, resulting in a subperiosteal collection beneath the temporal muscle. Luc abscess is a rare complication of otitis media. The difference of this complication with other extracranial abscesses relating to otitis media is, it may not be associated with mastoid bone involvement. Therefore, it is defined as benign complication of otitis media. Here, we report a case of 10-month-old baby boy diagnosed with Luc abscess with mastoid involvement.

Development of an ear cap in chronic suppurative otitis media using additive manufacturing and TRIZ

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh B Mawale ◽  
Abhaykumar Kuthe ◽  
Anupama M Mawale ◽  
Sandeep W Dahake
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Collaborative Tool ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

The prevalence rate of chronic suppurative otitis media is high and its treatment continues to be a challenge for the otorhinolaryngologists. Due to middle ear infection, there may be pain, hearing loss and spontaneous rupture of the eardrum which results in perforation. Infections can cause a hole in the eardrum as a side effect of otitis media. The patients suffering from ear perforation or having a hole in eardrum require preventing entry of water in the ear. This article describes the development of ear cap using additive manufacturing and TRIZ (a collaborative tool) to prevent the entry of water in the ear during chronic otitis media.

scholarly journals Antibodies Mediate Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Middle Ear and Facilitate Secondary Pneumococcal Otitis Media

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty R. Short ◽  
Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede ◽  
Jeroen D. Langereis ◽  
Keng Yih Chew ◽  
Emma R. Job ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Host Inflammatory Response ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Bacterial Outgrowth

ABSTRACTOtitis media (OM) (a middle ear infection) is a common childhood illness that can leave some children with permanent hearing loss. OM can arise following infection with a variety of different pathogens, including a coinfection with influenza A virus (IAV) andStreptococcus pneumoniae(the pneumococcus). We and others have demonstrated that coinfection with IAV facilitates the replication of pneumococci in the middle ear. Specifically, we used a mouse model of OM to show that IAV facilitates the outgrowth ofS. pneumoniaein the middle ear by inducing middle ear inflammation. Here, we seek to understand how the host inflammatory response facilitates bacterial outgrowth in the middle ear. Using B cell-deficient infant mice, we show that antibodies play a crucial role in facilitating pneumococcal replication. We subsequently show that this is due to antibody-dependent neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in the middle ear, which, instead of clearing the infection, allows the bacteria to replicate. We further demonstrate the importance of these NETs as a potential therapeutic target through the transtympanic administration of a DNase, which effectively reduces the bacterial load in the middle ear. Taken together, these data provide novel insight into how pneumococci are able to replicate in the middle ear cavity and induce disease.

scholarly journals Vocal Cord Paralysis and Dysphagia as Sequelae of Gradenigo Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Mary Ann V. Macasaet ◽  
Emmanuel Tadeus S. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Petrous Apex ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Nerve Paralysis ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Petrous Apicitis

Objectives:     To present a case of vocal cord paralysis and dysphagia developing in Gradenigo syndrome and to discuss its clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach.   Methods:             Design: Case Report             Setting:  Tertiary Government Hospital             Patient: One   Results:  A 54-year-old lady was admitted with a six month history of left-sided otorrhea, cheek and jaw pain, three months otalgia, and recent-onset hoarseness, dysphagia and diplopia on a background of mastoidectomy at age 6. Otoscopy revealed granulation tissue and chlolesteatoma occupying the left external auditory canal. There was left vocal cord paralysis with pooling of saliva in the pyriform sinus, left lateral gaze paralysis, and left facial nerve paralysis. CT scan revealed sclerosis of the left petrous apex and leptomeningeal enhancement on the left temporal lobe. Chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma and Gradenigo syndrome was diagnosed, and canal wall down mastoidectomy was performed Postoperatively, the otalgia and pain over the left jaw diminished in intensity while hoarseness and left lateral gaze palsy remained.   Conclusion: Gradenigo syndrome is known for its triad of retro-orbital pain, lateral gaze paralysis, and chronic middle ear infection due to petrous apicitis. Although rare, vocal cord paralysis and dysphagia may develop when infection traverses and encroaches on the jugular foramen where cranial nerves IX, X, and XI are lodged.  Knowledge of the syndrome should not be limited or confined to the classic triad.  Practicing ear specialists should be vigilant and cognizant of the clinical manifestations and sequelae of chronic middle ear infection. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial while resolution of the disease may vary for different individuals.   Keywords: Chronic otitis media, Gradenigo syndrome, vocal cord paralysis, petrous apicitis  

Middle Ear Infection (Otitis Media)

2012 ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Marc R. Safran ◽  
James Zachazewski ◽  
David A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Ear Infection ◽  
Middle Ear Infection

OTITIS MEDIA IN THE PRACTICE OF PEDIATRICS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dixon Coffey
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Tympanic Cavity ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Hemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Group A ◽  
In Infants And Children

In this study cultures of middle ear exudate were obtained from 267 cases of otitis media in infants and children. Pneumococci were found in 34.5%, Hemophilus influenzae in 27%, Group A beta hemolytic streptococci in 1.9%, and pneumococci mixed with hemophilus influenzae in 2.8%. Neisseria, probably Neisseria catarrhalis, were grown in pure culture in 5.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus hemolyticus (coagulase positive), and Escherichia coli were found in isolated cases. The remaining 27.7% were sterile, these usually being from chronic exudative (secretory) otitis media cases. The incidence of Hemophilus influenzae otitis media found in this study is higher than that reported in previous studies. The finding of Neisseria catarrhalis in exudate from otitis media has been reported only by Gronroos, et al., and observation of the organisms in an intracellular state was not reported. Examination of exudate obtained from recurrences or relapses of acute exudative otitis media often reveals a different organism from that found in previous infections; one cannot assume that an apparent relapse is due to the same organism cultured previously. Most cases of otitis media occur in infants who cannot localize their symptoms, and diagnosis requires careful examination of the ears. Adequate bacteriological studies of exudate from the tympanic cavity require uncontaminated specimens which are best obtained with an apparatus using a needle attached to a collecting trap and a source of negative pressure.

scholarly journals Efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone in experimental otitis media induced by penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1977-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Barry ◽  
M Muffat-Joly ◽  
J Bauchet ◽  
F Faurisson ◽  
P Gehanno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Middle Ear Infection ◽  
Elimination Half

We used a gerbil model of otitis media to assess the efficacy of single-dose ceftriaxone against three Streptococcus pneumoniae strains highly resistant to penicillin (MICs, 4 to 8 micrograms/ml) and with various susceptibilities to ceftriaxone (MICs, 0.5, 4, and 8 micrograms/ml). Middle ear infection was induced by bilateral transbullar challenge with 10(7) bacteria per ear. Antibiotic treatment was administered subcutaneously at 2 h postinfection. Infection status was checked 2 days later by counting the bacteria in middle ear and cerebrospinal fluid samples. With the cefriaxone-susceptible strain (MIC, 0.5 microgram/ml), we tested doses of 5 to 100 mg/kg of body weight. With a dose of 50 mg/kg, treatment outcome was equivalent to that with amoxicillin, which was used as a reference (25 mg/kg, two injections); no bacteria were recovered from 82% of the middle ear samples, and the rate of cerebrospinal fluid culture positivity was significantly reduced to 6%, relative to 59% for the untreated controls. Similar efficacy was obtained with a dose of 100 mg/kg against the two ceftriaxone-resistant strains. Pharmacokinetic study indicates that the values of the parameters in plasma after the administration of a dose of 100 mg/kg (peak level of total drug, 268 +/- 33 micrograms/ml; elimination half-life, 0.8 h; area under concentration-time curve, 488 micrograms.h.ml-1) were still suboptimal compared with the values of the parameters measured in pediatric patients after intravenous or intramuscular administration of a dose of 50 mg/kg. Our results indicate the efficacy of ceftriaxone against experimental cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal otitis and provide a basis for the clinical use of single-dose ceftriaxone against pneumococcal otitis media.

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