scholarly journals Physical mechanism of spring and early summer drought over North America associated with the boreal warming

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woosuk Choi ◽  
Kwang-Yul Kim
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Summer Drought

scholarly journals A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

ZooKeys ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 1-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Fernandez-Triana ◽  
Caroline Boudreault ◽  
Joel Buffam ◽  
Ronald Maclean
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
First Time

Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from the city of Ottawa and its surroundings (a 50-km radius circle, ~7,800 km2) were studied based on 1,928 specimens collected between 1894 and 2010, and housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects. A total of 158 species from 21 genera were identified, which is by far the highest number of species ever recorded for a locality in North America. An annotated checklist of species is provided.Choerasparasitellae(Bouché, 1834) andPholetesornanus(Reinhard, 1880) are recorded for the first time in the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region),Cotesiadepressa(Viereck, 1912) is recorded for the first time in Canada (previously only known from the United States), andCotesiahemileucae(Riley, 1881) andProtapantelesphlyctaeniae(Muesebeck, 1929) are recorded for the first time in the province of Ontario. In Ottawa the most diverse genera areCotesia,Apanteles,Microplitis,Pholetesor,Microgaster, andDolichogenidea, altogether comprising 77% of the species found in the area. A total of 73 species (46%) were represented by only one or two specimens, suggesting that the inventory for Ottawa is still relatively incomplete. Seasonal distribution showed several peaks of activity, in spring, summer, and early fall. That general pattern varied for individual species, with some showing a single peak of abundance either in the summer or towards the end of the season, others species attaining two peaks, in late spring and late summer, or in early summer and early fall, and yet others attaining up to three different peaks, in spring, summer and fall. At least 72 of the Microgastrinae species from Ottawa have been previously associated with 554 species of Lepidoptera as hosts – but those historical literature records are not always reliable and in many cases are based on data from areas beyond Ottawa. Thus, our knowledge of the associations between the 158 species of microgastrine parasitoids and the caterpillars of the 2,064 species of Lepidoptera recorded from Ottawa is still very incomplete.

Animal production from pasture with and without conservation for winter feeding

1957 ◽  
Vol 1957 ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
D. E. Eyles
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Constant Number ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Summer Grazing ◽  
Winter Feeding

The uneven seasonal growth of herbage is the main obstacle to the more efficient utilisation of grassland. There is an abundance of growth in late spring and early summer and a scarcity during a summer drought and in winter. Heavy stocking in spring followed by lighter stocking in summer is a suitable management for fattening sheep and cattle because they can be sold fat from June onwards, but a constant number of livestock has to be maintained throughout the year on many farms which carry breeding or growing animals. On these farms grassland, besides giving summer grazing, is expected to provide the bulk of the fodder for over-wintering. It is doubtful whether the results of grazing experiments which evaluate summer grazing only can be applied to these farms.

The breeding of Crepidula fornicata (L.) in the River Blackwater, Essex

1951 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. J. Chipperfield
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New England ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Oyster Culture ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Crepidula Fornicata ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
Male To Female

The chain-forming prosobranchiate gastropod Crepidula fornicata is not indigenous to British waters, but has been introduced during the last 70 or 80 years, probably from North America, upon imported oysters, and, during this period, has spread to most of the oyster beds on the south-east and south coasts of this country (see Orton, 1950b, for a recent discussion of its present distribution). In spite of the interest shown in this species because of its detrimental effect upon oyster culture, and because of its well-known change of sex from male to female, little is known in the literature of its breeding habits here, or in North America. Conklin (1897) states that the spawning period in New England lasts from early summer to about mid-August, no larvae being found in late August. Murie (1911), in discussing the introduction of this species, elaborates upon Conklin's observations, and gives evidence that females, in samples of Crepidula taken from the River Colne in May and September 1898, contained spawn beneath their shells. Orton (1912a, p. 438) states that he is ‘informed by Professor Conklin that American Crepidulae begin to spawn in May and possibly in April, whilst English Crepidulae begin to spawn in early March’. In a footnote, he adds ‘Crepidula spawned in tanks at Plymouth in early February’.

CMIP5 projected changes in spring and summer drought and wet conditions over North America

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2737-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Swain ◽  
Katharine Hayhoe
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Projected Changes

Effect of rates and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on the grain protein content of wheat (Triticum aestivum), grown in two contrasting seasons in South East England

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Sajo ◽  
D. H. Scarisbrick ◽  
A. G. Clewer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
South East England

SUMMARYA field experiment was carried out at the Wye College Farm during 1988 and 1989. The aim was to study the effects of three rates and timings of nitrogen fertilizer application on the grain protein content of spring wheat cv. Axona. Results demonstrated that timing of fertilizer application was more important than the rate of nitrogen used. Grain protein development and final grain protein contents are discussed in relation to the seasonal variations experienced during the 1988 and 1989 growing seasons in South East England. Due to the early February sowing in 1989, grain protein content was not affected by the summer drought. Thus, the advantage of early sowing of spring wheat to reduce the detrimental effect of early summer drought on the grain protein content is emphasised.

Effects of an early-summer drought stress on leaf photosynthesis, growth and yields of grapevine in mountain conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wenter ◽  
D. Zanotelli ◽  
L. Montagnani ◽  
M. Tagliavini ◽  
C. Andreotti
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis

scholarly journals Early Summer Drought Stress During the First Growing Year Stimulates Extra Shoot Growth in Oak Seedlings (Quercus petraea)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arion Turcsán ◽  
Kathy Steppe ◽  
Edit Sárközi ◽  
Éva Erdélyi ◽  
Marc Missoorten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Oak Seedlings

scholarly journals Climate change, precipitation shifts and early summer drought: An irrigation tipping point for Finnish farmers?

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 100334
Author(s):  
Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio ◽  
Jaakko Juvonen ◽  
Natalia Korhonen ◽  
Pekka Parkkila ◽  
Jaana Sorvali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Tipping Point ◽  
Summer Drought

scholarly journals Seasonal Dynamics of Internodes Length of the Shoots of Salix dasyclados Wimm. (Salicaceae Mirb.) Against the Background of Early Summer Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 18-36
Author(s):  
A. Afonin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Internode Length ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Harmonic Oscillations ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
Infradian Biorhythms ◽  
Linear Trends

The article substantiates the need to study the influence of hydrothermic conditions on the linear growth of shoots of woolly-stemmed willow. Purpose of research: identification and analysis structure of seasonal dynamics of internodes length of the shoots of S. dasyclados against the background of short atmospheric drought. Object of research: model inbred-clone population of S. dasyclados. Material: growing and matured annual shoots on two-year-old roots. Research methods: empirical methods of experimental botany, computer technologies of data analysis. Results. Against the background of the change of the early summer drought by cool rainy weather, the annual growth of the strongest shoots was 1.3 ... 2.5 m. The average length of internodes on the shoot varied from 23 to 31 mm. Seasonal dynamics of internode length can be approximated by linear trends in the first approximation. The deviations of the internode length from linear trends are nonlinear and are approximated by the equations of harmonic oscillations with a period of 96 ... 192 days. The strength of the influence of these harmonics on the seasonal dynamics of deviations of the internode length from linear trends is 2 ... 54%. The cyclicity of seasonal dynamics of deviations of internode length from linear trends is established. The revealed cyclicity is determined by the interaction of endogenous subannual and infradian biorhythms. Subannual biorhythms are approximated by harmonic oscillations with a period of 48 (64) days. The contribution of these biorhythms to the overall cyclicity is 23 ... 76%. Multi-day, or infradian biorhythms are approximated by harmonic oscillations with a period of 19 … 24 (32) days. The contribution of these biorhythms to the overall cyclicity is 3 ... 35%. High-frequency oscillations with a period of 12 ... 16 days are disordered. Differences between series of seasonal dynamics of internode length are determined by differences between shoots of a single ramet, between different ramets, and between different clones. The influence of from early summer drought stress on the seasonal dynamics of internode length has not been established.

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