Evidence of large genetic influences on dog ownership in the Swedish Twin Registry has implications for understanding domestication and health associations

AbstractThe nature of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and worry across the lifespan remains incompletely understood. We investigated genetic and environmental influences on GAD and the proportion of genetic and environmental variation in GAD that is shared with neuroticism in older adult twins. Participants included 1618 monozygotic and 2291 same-sexed dizygotic twin pairs from the Swedish Twin Registry aged 55 to 74. Participants provided personality information in 1973 and also participated in a telephone screening between 1998 and 2002 that included an assessment for lifetime GAD. Univariate biometric models indicated that both GAD and neuroticism were moderately heritable (.27 and .47, respectively), while the balance of variation reflected environmental factors unique to the individual. Bivariate analyses indicated that approximately one third of the genetic influences on GAD were in common with genetic influences on neuroticism, while individual specific environmental influences were virtually unshared between GAD and neuroticism. Analyses of sex effects suggested that men and women differed in the frequency of lifetime GAD and level of neuroticism; however, no sex differences for genetic and environmental influences for either trait were identified.

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Irritable bowel syndrome and Parkinson’s disease risk: register-based studies

npj Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.1038/s41531-020-00145-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bojing Liu ◽

Arvid Sjölander ◽

Nancy L. Pedersen ◽

Jonas F. Ludvigsson ◽

Honglei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

AbstractTo examine whether irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was related to the future risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), we conducted a nested case-control study in the Swedish total population including 56,564 PD cases identified from the Swedish Patient Register and 30 controls per case individually matched by sex and year of birth. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having a prior diagnosis of IBS were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We furthermore conducted a cohort study using the Swedish Twin Registry following 3046 IBS patients identified by self-reported abdominal symptoms and 41,179 non-IBS individuals. Through Cox proportional hazard models, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for PD risk. In the nested case-control study, 253 (0.4%) PD cases and 5204 (0.3%) controls had a previous IBS diagnosis. IBS diagnosis was associated with a 44% higher risk of PD (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.27–1.63). Temporal relationship analyses showed 53% and 38% increased risk of PD more than 5 and 10 years after IBS diagnosis, respectively. In the cohort analysis based on the Swedish Twin Registry, there was no statistically significantly increased risk of PD related to IBS (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.87–1.81). Our results suggest a higher risk of PD diagnosis after IBS. These results provide additional evidence supporting the importance of the gut–brain axis in PD.

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Ischemic Heart Disease in Death Discordant Twins - A Study on 205 Male and Female Pairs with Special Reference to Hereditary Factors

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae ◽

10.1017/s0001566000014240 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 271-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ulf de Faire

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Genetic Influence ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Male And Female ◽

Ischemic Heart Diseases ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Hereditary Factors ◽

Discordant Twins ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

From January 1971 to March 1973 all twin pairs in the Swedish Twin Registry below the age of 70, who became death-discordant, were continuously recorded. A total of 205 (78%) of the surviving cotwins were examined with respect to different manifestations of ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and several “environmental” and “biometric” risk factors. Among the death-discordant pairs, the cause of death was IHD in 57 pairs and other than IHD in 148 pairs. Analyses revealed that the prevalence rate of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pathologic Q-wave, and ST depressions in connection with exercise, were significantly higher among the surviving cotwins whose partners had died from IHD than those whose partners had died from other causes. The same trends were seen for most of the risk factors measured both singly and in combination, although not very pronounced. The results indicate a substantial genetic influence in the development of IHD. The genetic influence is possibly transmitted not only through some of the risk factors measured, but also through other factors, still unknown.

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Complete ascertainment of dementia in the Swedish Twin Registry: the HARMONY study

Neurobiology of Aging ◽

10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.04.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 439-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Margaret Gatz ◽

Laura Fratiglioni ◽

Boo Johansson ◽

Stig Berg ◽

James A. Mortimer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Twin Registry ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

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Major Depression and Coronary Artery Disease in the Swedish Twin Registry

Archives of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.94 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 857 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Kendler ◽

Charles O. Gardner ◽

Amy Fiske ◽

Margaret Gatz

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Major Depression ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

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Use of snus and risk for cardiovascular disease: results from the Swedish Twin Registry

Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02081.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 265 (6) ◽

pp. 717-724 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. Hansson ◽

N. L. Pedersen ◽

M. R. Galanti ◽

T. Andersson ◽

A. Ahlbom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

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Clinical indices of familial depression in the Swedish Twin Registry

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00863.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 115 (3) ◽

pp. 214-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

K. S. Kendler ◽

M. Gatz ◽

C. O. Gardner ◽

N. L. Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Twin Registry ◽

Clinical Indices ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

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Depression, Neuroticism, and Urinary Incontinence in Premenopausal Women: A Nationwide Twin Study

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1017/thg.2013.60 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 977-984 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giorgio Tettamanti ◽

Daniel Altman ◽

Anastasia N. Iliadou ◽

Rino Bellocco ◽

Nancy L. Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Major Depression ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Quantitative Genetic ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

Previous studies have found that major depression and neuroticism are positively associated with urinary incontinence (UI). However, the genetic contribution to these associations has never been investigated. In 2005, a total of 14,094 female twins born 1959–1985 in the Swedish Twin Registry participated in a comprehensive survey on common exposures and complex diseases. Structured questions provided information on UI, depressive symptoms, major depression, and neuroticism. A logistic regression model based on generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Environmental and genetic influences were assessed in co-twin control analyses and quantitative genetic analyses, which were also used to determine the proportion of the phenotypic correlation explained by familial factors. Major depression, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism were positively associated with all UI subtypes (overall, stress, urge, and mixed UI). In a trivariate Cholesky model with neuroticism, depressive symptoms (or depression), and UI a modest genetic correlation was found between indicators of depression and overall, or stress, UI. The majority of this correlation was independent from neuroticism. In contrast, the genetic factors shared between indicators of depression and urge or mixed UI were entirely in common with neuroticism. In conclusion, depression and neuroticism are associated with UI among premenopausal women: the associations are in part determined by genetic factors in common to the disorders.

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Obesity and hormone-dependent tumors: Cohort and co-twin control studies based on the Swedish Twin Registry

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.11266 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 106 (4) ◽

pp. 594-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Fredrik Jonsson ◽

Alicja Wolk ◽

Nancy L. Pedersen ◽

Paul Lichtenstein ◽

Paul Terry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Twin Registry ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

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No paternal effect on monozygotic twinning in the Swedish Twin Registry

Twin Research ◽

10.1375/twin.1.4.212 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 212-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Paul Lichtenstein ◽

Bengt Källén ◽

Max Köster

Keyword(s):

Genetic Effect ◽

Monozygotic Twin ◽

Biological Mechanism ◽

Paternal Effect ◽

Monozygotic Twinning ◽

Twin Registry ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Twin Pregnancies ◽

Population Controls ◽

Swedish Twin Registry

AbstractPrevious research has provided evidence for a genetic effect in monozygotic twinning, indicated by an increased risk for monozygotic women to have monozygotic offspring. However, since the biological mechanism for this trait is unknown, it is not clear if there exists a paternal inheritance. In this study we investigated twin pregnancies in offspring born in 1941–1996 to male twins in the Swedish Twin Registry and population controls born in 1926–1980. In total 4 225 331 offspring, of which 89 286 were twins, were studied. There was neither an increase in the probability for monozygotic men to have like-sexed twin offspring risk ratio (RR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.77–1.13) nor an increase in the estimated number of monozygotic twin births. Thus, there is no evidence for a paternal effect on monozygotic twinning, suggesting that the gene(s) increasing the liability for division of the embryo are expressed in the mother and not in the fertilised egg.

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