scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Non-invasive Method to Quantify Muscle Carnosine in Humans: a Comprehensive Validity Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius da Eira Silva ◽  
Vitor de Salles Painelli ◽  
Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo ◽  
Wagner Ribeiro Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Maffud Cilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Carnosine ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Invasive Method

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Non-invasive Method to Quantify Muscle Carnosine in Humans: a Comprehensive Validity Assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius da Eira Silva ◽  
Vitor de Salles Painelli ◽  
Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo ◽  
Wagner Ribeiro Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Maffud Cilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Carnosine ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Non Invasive

ABSTRACTCarnosine is a dipeptide abundantly found in human skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and neuronal cells having numerous properties that confers performance enhancing effects, as well as a wide-range of potential therapeutic applications. A reliable and valid method for tissue carnosine quantification is crucial for advancing the knowledge on biological processes involved with carnosine metabolism. In this regard, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) has been used as a non-invasive alternative to quantify carnosine in human skeletal muscle. However, carnosine quantification by 1H-MRS has some potential limitations that warrant a thorough experimental examination of its validity. The present investigation examined the reliability, accuracy and sensitivity for the determination of muscle carnosine in humans using in vitro and in vivo experiments and comparing it to reference method for carnosine quantification (high-performance liquid chromatography – HPLC). We used in vitro 1H-MRS to verify signal linearity and possible noise sources. Carnosine was determined in the m. gastrocnemius by 1H-MRS and HPLC to compare signal quality and convergent validity. 1H-MRS showed adequate discriminant validity, but limited reliability and poor agreement with a reference method. Low signal amplitude, low signal-to-noise ratio, and voxel repositioning are major sources of error.

scholarly journals An Early Detection of Acute Compartment Syndrome in Fastened Zip-Tie Rat Model Using Dynamic Phosphorous-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 9.4 Tesla

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ohta ◽  
Nhat-Minh Van Vo ◽  
Junichi Hata ◽  
Koshiro Terawaki ◽  
Takako Shirakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Muscular Damage

Abstract IntroductionAcute compartment syndrome (ACS) leads to a series of health problems, limb salvage, disability, and even death. In vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) provides a unique non-invasive method to assess skeletal muscle metabolisms such as inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The study aims to assess the ability of dynamic 31P-MRS in the early detection of muscular damage in ACS.Materials & MethodsThe study induced the fastened zip-tie model of ACS on normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6). The spectra were acquired in Bruker 9.4-Tesla preclinical scanner using 1H/31P surface coil. 31P-MRS spectra and blood samples were obtained at time 0 (pre-ischemic phase) and every 15 minutes during the compression (120 minutes) and the reperfusion phase (90 minutes). 31P-MRS spectra findings were compared with plasma creatine phosphokinase (CPK).ResultsPCr/(Pi + PCr) ratio significantly decreased after muscle was compressed (P < 0.05). In contrast to this, CPK did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Both intracellular pH and arterial pH decreased over time. However, intracellular declined significantly (P < 0.05) at 60 minutes of ischemic state, and at 5 minutes and 60 minutes of reperfusion, while arterial pH slightly changed. After 30 minutes of ischemic, phosphomonoesters (PME) peak was detected, which was not seen at the pre-ischemic phase. It gradually increased and reached its highest peak at 120 minutes. At reperfusion state, 31P-MRS spectra and pH did not fully recover to their pre-ischemic state, and PME peak disappeared. There was a correlation between T2-weighted images and CPK from blood tests (R2 = 0.1996, P < 0.05).ConclusionsDynamic 31P-MRS technique is more clearly and rapidly detect the bioenergetic and mitochondrial functions change than blood test in a fastened zip-tie rat model of ACS. This technique is a promising non-invasive method to detect the early ischemic muscular damage in ACS.

scholarly journals Features of sodium magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application in neurology

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Viktoriya V. Sinkova ◽  
Irina A. Krotenkova ◽  
Alina A. Lyaskovik ◽  
Rodion N. Konovalov ◽  
Marina V. Krotenkova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
Invasive Method

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an important non-invasive method that measures concentration and spatial distribution of certain biochemically significant tissue metabolites. This relatively new method has now evolved from a research tool to an independent diagnostic neuroimaging method, which provides answers to a number of important clinical and diagnostic questions at the early stages of the disease, and allows evaluation of treatment efficacy and determination of clinical outcome. The article provides a review of data on sodium magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which is a very sensitive method for assessing cell viability and ion homeostasis. It can be used to measure early biochemical disturbances in the tissues in various degenerative diseases. We describe pathophysiology and technology underlying sodium magnetic resonance spectroscopy, as well as the most promising points of application of this method in central nervous system disorders seen by radiologists and neurologists in their clinical practice.

scholarly journals BIMG-08. DEUTERIUM MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY USING 2H-PYRUVATE ALLOWS NON-INVASIVE IN VIVO IMAGING OF TERT EXPRESSION IN BRAIN TUMORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i2-i2
Author(s):  
Georgios Batsios ◽  
Celine Taglang ◽  
Meryssa Tran ◽  
Anne Marie Gillespie ◽  
Joseph Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tert Expression

Abstract Telomere shortening constitutes a natural barrier to uncontrolled proliferation and all tumors must find a mechanism of maintaining telomere length. Most human tumors, including high-grade primary glioblastomas (GBMs) and low-grade oligodendrogliomas (LGOGs) achieve telomere maintenance via reactivation of the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which is silenced in normal somatic cells. TERT expression is, therefore, a driver of tumor proliferation and, due to this essential role, TERT is also a therapeutic target. However, non-invasive methods of imaging TERT are lacking. The goal of this study was to identify magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-detectable metabolic biomarkers of TERT expression that will enable non-invasive visualization of tumor burden in LGOGs and GBMs. First, we silenced TERT expression by RNA interference in patient-derived LGOG (SF10417, BT88) and GBM (GS2) models. Our results linked TERT silencing to significant reductions in steady-state levels of NADH in all models. NADH is essential for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, suggesting that measuring pyruvate flux to lactate could be useful for imaging TERT status. Recently, deuterium (2H)-MRS has emerged as a novel, clinically translatable method of monitoring metabolic fluxes in vivo. However, to date, studies have solely examined 2H-glucose and the use of [U-2H]pyruvate for non-invasive 2H-MRS has not been tested. Following intravenous injection of a bolus of [U-2H]pyruvate, lactate production was higher in mice bearing orthotopic LGOG (BT88 and SF10417) and GBM (GS2) tumor xenografts relative to tumor-free mice, suggesting that [U-2H]pyruvate has the potential to monitor TERT expression in vivo. In summary, our study, for the first time, shows the feasibility and utility of [U-2H]pyruvate for in vivo imaging. Importantly, since 2H-MRS can be implemented on clinical scanners, our results provide a novel, non-invasive method of integrating information regarding a fundamental cancer hallmark, i.e. TERT, into glioma patient management.

Hyperpolarized 129Xe Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in a Rat Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan David Fliss ◽  
Brandon Zanette ◽  
Yonni Friedlander ◽  
Siddharth Sadanand ◽  
Andras A Lindenmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Non Invasive

Premature infants often require mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy which can result in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by developmental arrest and impaired lung function. Conventional clinical methods for assessing the prenatal lung are not adequate for the detection and assessment of long-term health risks in infants with BPD, highlighting the need for a non-invasive tool for the characterization of lung microstructure and function. Theoretical diffusion models, like the Model of Xenon Exchange (MOXE), interrogate alveolar gas exchange by predicting the uptake of inert Hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe gas measured with HP 129Xe magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). To investigate HP 129Xe MRS as a tool for non-invasive characterization of pulmonary microstructural and functional changes in vivo, HP 129Xe gas exchange data were acquired in an oxygen exposure rat model of BPD that recapitulates the fewer and larger distal airways and pulmonary vascular stunting characteristics of BPD. Gas exchange parameters from MOXE, including airspace mean chord length (L­m), apparent hematocrit in the pulmonary capillaries (HCT), and pulmonary capillary transit time (tx), were compared with airspace mean axis length and area density (MAL and ρ­A) and percentage area of tissue and air (PTA and PAA) from histology. L­m was significantly larger in the exposed rats (p=0.003) and correlated with MAL, ρ­A, PTA, and PAA (0.59<|ρ|<0.66 and p<0.05). Observed increase in HCT (p=0.012) and changes in tx are also discussed. These findings support the use of HP 129Xe MRS for detecting fewer, enlarged distal airways in this rat model of BPD, and potentially in humans.

scholarly journals The Privilege of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Evaluating Ovarian Tumors

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Hafez ◽  
M A Nasr ◽  
N L Salman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Exclusion of malignancy in ovarian mass is of paramount importance. It is the most crucial step after identification of a mass and it has a profound effect on the patient's management. So, a reliable method with which to differentiate a benign from a malignant ovarian mass would provide a basis for optimal preoperative planning and may also reduce the number of unnecessary laparotomies for patients undergoing treatment for benign disease. Objective The aim of our study is to highlight the role of magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a non-invasive technique which may effectively assist in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses. Patients and Methods This study included 20 patients with adnexal masses as suggested by preliminary pelvic ultrasound examination. referred from the Gynecology Department to the Radiology Department at Ain shams university hospitals. nine were benign, two were borderline, and six were malignant tumors and 3 were hemorrhagic cyst. Endometriosis, tubo-ovarian abscess. Results Our study revealed sharp choline peak in some benign as well as some malignant cases and so Cho peak could not help in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors, creatine, lipid and NAA were detected in both benign and malignant tumors, also Choline/Creatine Ratio fairly can differentiate between benign and malignant tumors with cut off point = 3.750 at sensitivity = 75.0% & specificity = 100.0% . Conclusion Our study had some factors that affect the results. First, the sample size were not enough to achieve a good results, second, diversity of samples and the complicated tumor histopathologic and morphologic features.

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