scholarly journals Efficacy of S-PRG filler containing varnishes on enamel demineralization prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela da Silva Spinola ◽  
Sabrina Elise Moecke ◽  
Natália Rivoli Rossi ◽  
Toshiyuki Nakatsuka ◽  
Alessandra Bühler Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Knoop Microhardness ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Demineralization Prevention ◽  
Unprotected Area ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract This study evaluated the efficacy of S-PRG vanishes on preventing enamel demineralization. Bovine enamel specimens were obtained, polished and the baseline Knoop microhardness was evaluated. Specimens were stratified into six groups (n = 15), according to the varnish applied: S10—experimental varnish containing 10% of S-PRG fillers, S20—20% of S-PRG fillers, S30—30% of S-PRG fillers; S40—40% of S-PRG fillers; PC (positive control)—5% of NaF; NC (negative control)—no treatment was performed. Half of enamel surfaces were protected to work as a control and varnishes were applied over the unprotected area. A demineralizing pH-cycling was performed, and surface and cross-sectional microhardness were measured. The percentage of microhardness of the treated area was calculated comparing with the untreated area. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p = 5%). All experimental S-PRG varnishes protected against demineralization in relation to no treatment, but S40 was the most effective on the surface. For all depths, S30 and S40 were superior in enamel demineralization prevention than other S-PRG filler concentrations and 5% NaF. It was concluded that S-RPG filler containing varnishes were effective to prevent enamel demineralization. The higher concentrated products were more effective than 5% sodium fluoride on surface demineralization prevention.

scholarly journals Effect of low fluoride acidic dentifrices on dental remineralization

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti ◽  
Eliana Mitsue Takeshita ◽  
Camila de Oliveira Sant'ana ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Ph Cycling

This study evaluated the capacity of fluoride acidic dentifrices (pH 4.5) to promote enamel remineralization using a pH cycling model, comparing them with a standard dentifrice (1,100 µgF/g). Enamel blocks had their surface polished and surface hardness determined (SH). Next, they were submitted to subsurface enamel demineralization and to post-demineralization surface hardness analysis. The blocks were divided into 6 experimental groups (n=10): placebo (without F, pH 4.5, negative control), 275, 412, 550, 1,100 µgF/g and a standard dentifrice (positive control). The blocks were submitted to pH cycling for 6 days and treatment with dentifrice slurries twice a day. After pH cycling, surface and cross-sectional hardness were assessed to obtain the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) and the integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN). The results showed that %SHR was similar among acidic dentifrices with 412, 550, 1,100 µgF/g and to the positive control (Tukey's test; p>0.05). For ΔKHN, the acidic dentifrice with 550 µg F/g showed a better performance when compared with the positive control. It can be concluded that acidic dentifrice 550 µgF/g had similar remineralization capacity to that of positive control.

Cariogenic Potential of Human and Bovine Milk on Enamel Demineralization

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Antonio P. Ricomini Filho ◽  
Ana Camila M. de Assis ◽  
Bárbara E. Costa Oliveira ◽  
Jaime A. Cury
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Bovine Enamel

The higher cariogenicity of human milk when compared with bovine milk is still a debatable subject. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of human or bovine milk exposure on biofilm composition and enamel demineralization using a validated cariogenic biofilm model. <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> UA159 biofilms (<i>n</i> = 8) were grown on human saliva-coated bovine enamel slabs of known surface hardness. The biofilms were exposed 8×/day to 0.9% NaCl (negative control), human milk, bovine milk, 7.0% lactose (active human milk control), 4.5% lactose (active bovine milk control), or 10% sucrose (positive control). The culture medium was changed twice daily, and the pH was analyzed as an indicator of biofilm acidogenicity. After 120 h of growth, biofilms were harvested to evaluate viable cells, and soluble and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). Enamel demineralization was assessed by the percentage of surface hardness loss (%SHL). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA/Tukey’s test (α = 5%). In terms of %SHL, negative control (7.7 ± 3.1), human milk control (13.3 ± 7.5), bovine milk control (15.3 ± 8.2), human milk (7.5 ± 5.0), and bovine milk (8.7 ± 6.3) did not differ among them (<i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05) but differed (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) from sucrose (55.1 ± 5.4). The findings of enamel demineralization (%SHL) were statistically supported by the data of biofilm acidogenicity, bacterial counts and EPS biofilm composition. This experimental study suggests that human and bovine milk have low cariogenic potential to provoke caries lesions in enamel.

scholarly journals Anticaries Potential of Low Fluoride Dentifrices Found in The Brazilian Market

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana de Cássia Ortiz ◽  
Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta ◽  
Cínthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Ph Cycling

Abstract Low-fluoride (F) dentifrices (<600 µg F/g) are widely available worldwide, but evidence to recommend the use of such dentifrices, with either regular or improved formulations, is still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anticaries potential of low-F dentifrices found in the Brazilian market, using a validated and tested pH-cycling model. Enamel blocks were selected by surface hardness (SH) and randomized into four treatment groups (n=12): non-F dentifrice (negative control), low-F dentifrice (500 μg F/g), low-F acidulated dentifrice (550 μg F/g) and 1,100 μg F/g dentifrice (positive control). The blocks were subjected to pH-cycling regimen for 8 days and were treated 2x/day with dentifrice slurries prepared in water (1:3, w/v). The pH of the slurries was checked, and only the acidulated one had low pH. After the pH cycling, SH was again determined and the percentage of surface hardness loss was calculated as indicator of demineralization. Loosely- and firmly-bound F concentrations in enamel were also determined. The 1,100 μg F/g dentifrice was more effective than the low-F ones to reduce enamel demineralization and was the only one that differed from the non-F (p<0.05). All F dentifrices formed higher concentration of loosely-bound F on enamel than the non-F (p<0.05), but the 1,100 μg F/g was the only one that differed from the non-F in the ability to form firmly-bound F. The findings suggest that the low-F dentifrices available in the Brazilian market, irrespective of their formulation, do not have anticaries potential.

scholarly journals pH-cycling models to evaluate the effect of low fluoride dentifrice on enamel de- and remineralization

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Silva Queiroz ◽  
Anderson Takeo Hara ◽  
Adriana Franco Paes Leme ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response Effect ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Dose Response Effect ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Mineral Loss

Since the currently available pH-cycling models do not differentiate the anti-caries potential of dentifrices with low fluoride (F) concentration, two models were developed and tested in the present. Bovine enamel blocks were subjected to the models and treated with F solutions containing from 70 to 280 mug F/mL in order to validate them in terms of dose-response effect. The models were also tested by evaluating the dentifrices Colgate Baby (500 mug F/g, as a low fluoride dentifrice), Tandy (1,100 mug F/g, as an active F-dentifrice) and Crest (1,100 mug F/g, as positive control). Enamel mineral loss or gain was assessed by surface and cross-sectional microhardness, and lesion depth was analyzed by polarized light microscopy. The pH-cycling models showed F dose-response effect either reducing enamel demineralization or enhancing remineralization. The low F dentifrice presented anti-caries potential, but it was not equivalent to the dentifrices containing 1,100 mug F/g. These data suggest that the models developed in this study were able to evaluate the anti-caries potential of low F dentifrice either on resistance to demineralization or on enhancement of remineralization.

scholarly journals Anticaries potential of a fluoride mouthrinse evaluated in vitro by validated protocols

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Pedroso Moi ◽  
Lívia Maria Andaló Tenuta ◽  
Jaime Aparecido Cury
Keyword(s):  
Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antibacterial Substance ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Ph Cycling

This blind and randomized study tested in vitro, using validated protocols, the anticaries potential of an experimental fluoride mouthrinse. One-hundred enamel slabs, half sound and half with caries-like lesions (carious), all with known surface microhardness (SMH), were submitted to 3 treatment groups: A) a placebo mouthrinse (negative control); B) a positive control mouthrinse containing 0.05% NaF; and C) an experimental formulation containing 0.05% NaF and cetylpyridinium chloride as an antibacterial substance. To evaluate the formation of F products on enamel, sound (n=10) and carious (n=10) slabs were treated with the formulations during 10 min and loosely and firmly-bound F formed in enamel were determined after extraction with alkali and acid, respectively. To evaluate the inhibition of enamel demineralization, sound enamel slabs (n=10) were treated with the mouthrinse formulations 2x/day during 1 min and subjected to a pH-cycling regimen simulating a cariogenic challenge (demineralization). To evaluate enamel remineralization, the carious slabs (n=10) were submitted to the treatments 3x/day and subjected to a pH-cycling model simulating a remineralizing condition. After 8 days, enamel SMH was determined again and the percentage of SMH loss or SMH recovery was calculated for the sound and carious slabs, respectively. The experimental formulation was superior to the negative control (p<0.05) and equivalent to the positive control (p>0.05) in the formation of F products in enamel, and in the inhibition of enamel demineralization and enhancement of remineralization. These data suggest that the tested experimental fluoride mouthrinse has anticaries potential.

Synergistic Inhibition of Enamel Demineralization by Peptide 8DSS and Fluoride

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Xueping Lv ◽  
Wenyuan Shi ◽  
Xuedong Zhou ◽  
Jiyao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fluoride Uptake ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Mineral Loss

The biomimetic peptide 8DSS has shown beneficial effects in promoting remineralization of demineralized enamel in vitro. Here we examined the ability of 8DSS alone and in combination with fluoride to inhibit enamel demineralization during pH-cycling mimicking intraoral conditions. Enamel blocks were subjected to 9 days of pH-cycling in the presence of 1,000 ppm NaF (positive control), distilled-deionized water (DDW; negative control), 25 μM 8DSS alone, 25 μM 8DSS with 500 ppm NaF (8DSS-FL) or 25 μM 8DSS with 1,000 ppm NaF (8DSS-FH) twice daily for 1 min each time. The blocks were analyzed in terms of surface microhardness (SMH), fluoride uptake and mineral content. The 8DSS-treated blocks showed significantly lower mineral loss, shallower lesions and higher SMH than the DDW-treated blocks. No significant differences were observed between the blocks treated with 8DSS alone or fluoride alone. The blocks treated with 8DSS alone or DDW showed similar amounts of fluoride uptake, which was the lowest of all the treatment groups. The blocks treated with 8DSS-FL or 8DSS-FH did not differ significantly, and both groups showed significantly greater SMH and fluoride uptake as well as significantly lower mineral loss and shallower lesions than the NaF-treated blocks. Mineral content was significantly higher in the 8DSS-treated blocks than in the DDW-treated blocks from the surface layer (10 µm) to the lesion depth (110 µm), and it was significantly higher in the blocks treated with 8DSS-FL or 8DSS-FH than in the NaF-treated blocks from 10 to 90 µm. These findings illustrate the potential of 8DSS for inhibiting enamel demineralization and for enhancing the anticaries effect of NaF.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Dentifrice Compositions for Increasing the Hardness of Demineralized Enamel: An in Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Cabral Oliveira ◽  
Marcia Regina Cabral Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Henrique Cabral Oliveira ◽  
Ravana Angelini Sfalcin ◽  
Marcelo Mendes Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Knoop Indenter

This study aimed to evaluate microhardness of a dentifrice containing fluoride and arginine compared to a positive control (fluoride only) and a negative control (no fluoride) on sound and demineralized bovine enamel surfaces. Specimens were randomly assigned to different treatments that included daily pH cycling and brushing three times a day with one of the following dentifrices (n = 8): Neutraçucar (arginine and fluoride), Colgate Total 12 (fluoride) and My First Colgate (no fluoride). Enamel carious lesions were artificially created one week before the beginning of these treatments (demineralized bovine enamel (DE) groups). The same groups were also tested in sound enamel (sound bovine enamel (SE) groups). Microhardness was measured at baseline and after one, two, and five weeks of treatment using a Knoop indenter. Statistical analysis involved two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test. After five weeks, both Total 12 and Neutraçucar had increased the microhardness of DE specimens (p < 0.05). Only Neutraçucar had increased the microhardness of the sound enamel after five weeks of treatment. Thus, it could be concluded that arginine-based dentifrices increase the microhardness of sound and demineralized bovine enamel surfaces.

scholarly journals Effect of Remineralizing Gels on Microhardness, Color and Wear Susceptibility of Bleached Enamel

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Crastechini ◽  
AB Borges ◽  
CRG Torres
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bleaching Procedure ◽  
Knoop Microhardness ◽  
Bovine Enamel

SUMMARY Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a remineralizing gel combining fluoride and calcium silicate/phosphate or a sodium fluoride gel on bleached enamel microhardness, color, and wear susceptibility. Methods and Materials: Two hundred forty bovine enamel-dentin samples were prepared. Baseline analysis of Knoop microhardness, color coordinates (L*a*b*), and surface profile were performed. According to the baseline microhardness values, specimens were stratified into six groups (n=40): NC (negative control)—no treatment; BL (positive control)—bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent); BL/Rs—bleaching + application of calcium silicate/phosphate gel (Regenerate Serum, Unilever - Rs); Rs/BL—Rs + bleaching; Rs/BL/Rs—Rs + bleaching + Rs; and BL/F—bleaching + 2% sodium fluoride gel. After the treatment described for each group, color change (ΔE) and microhardness were evaluated again. To evaluate abrasion susceptibility, samples were randomly divided into two subgroups, according to the toothpaste used (Cp—Close Up or Rt—Regenerate), and underwent 100,000 brushing strokes. The profile of each sample was evaluated and the mean wear calculated. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: All bleached groups showed a significant reduction of microhardness in relation to the negative control. The groups treated with remineralizing gels showed a significantly higher microhardness and less wear than the positive control, although nonsignificant differences were observed among them. Nonsignificant differences in ΔE were found among bleached groups. The groups brushed with Regenerate toothpaste showed significantly less wear than those brushed with Close Up toothpaste. Conclusions: The remineralizing gels did not interfere with bleaching efficacy. However, all the treatments minimized the surface hardness reduction caused by the bleaching procedure and enamel loss after abrasion. Regenerate toothpaste resulted in less enamel abrasion.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fluoride varnishes with different compositions on white spot lesions remineralization

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres ◽  
Manuela Da Silva Spinola ◽  
Renata Falchete do Prado ◽  
Vinicius Aneas Rodrigues ◽  
Natalia Cortez Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Knoop Microhardness ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
One Way Anova

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of different fluoride varnishes on white spot lesions (WSL) remineralization. Material and Methods: Polished bovine enamel specimens were obtained (n = 60) and had their initial surface Knoop microhardness (SMH) determined. WSL were created and the SMH was measured again. Then, specimens were allocated into six groups: C – Control (without varnish); BF – Bifluorid 12 (6% NaF + 6% CaF2); DP – Duraphat (5% NaF); PF – Profluorid (5% NaF); FP - Fluor Protector (0.2% NaF + 0.9% difluorsilane); CW - Clinpro White Varnish (5% NaF + 5% TCP). After varnishes application, specimens were immersed in artificial saliva for 24 h. Then, pH-cycling was performed for 8 days and SMH was measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: Non-significant differences were observed among the groups at baseline (p = 0.187) and after WSL formation (p = 0.999). After treatments, significant differences were observed among the groups (p = 0.001). Mean % of alteration (SD) and results of Tukey test were: C- 92.40 (12.10)a; PF- 88.66 (10.66)a; FP-  85.90 (14.49)ab; BF-  67.85 (17.86)bc; CW- 66.60 (18.48)c; DP- 58.62 (8.69)c. Conclusion:.  Bifluorid 12, Clinpro White Varnish, and Duraphat showed higher efficacy than artificial saliva in promoting the remineralization of WSL, nevertheless, none of the treatments were able to recover sound enamel baseline microhardness.   Keywords Dental caries; Fluoride; Fluoride varnishes.

Solutions and gels containing a sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5) reduce enamel and dentin erosion in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lethycia Almeida Santos ◽  
Tatiana Martini ◽  
João Victor Frazão Câmara ◽  
Fabiana Navas Reis ◽  
Adriana de Cássia Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Enamel Erosion ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Dentin Erosion ◽  
Positive Controls

The effect of solutions and gels containing a sugarcane-derived cystatin (CaneCPI-5) on the protection against enamel and dentin erosion in vitro was evaluated. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were divided into two groups (n=135 and 153/group for enamel and dentin, respectively) that were treated with solutions or chitosan gels containing 0.1 or 0.25 mg/ml CaneCPI-5. The positive controls for solutions and gels were Elmex Erosion Protection™ solution and NaF gel (12,300 ppm F), respectively. Deionized water and chitosan gel served as controls, respectively. The solutions were first applied on the specimens for 1 min and the gels for 4 min. Stimulated saliva was collected from 3 donors and used to form a 2 h acquired pellicle on the specimens. Then, the specimens were submitted to an erosive pH cycling protocol 4 times/day for 7 days (0.1% citric acid pH 2.5/90s, artificial saliva/2h, artificial saliva overnight). The solutions and gels were applied again during pH cycling, 2 times/day for 1 min and 4 min, respectively, after the first and last erosive challenges. Enamel and dentin losses (µm) were assessed by contact profilometry. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey´s test (p <0.05). All the treatments significantly reduced enamel and dentin loss in comparison with controls. Both CaneCPI-5 concentrations had a similar protective effect against enamel erosion, but only the higher concentration was as effective against dentin erosion as the positive control. Regarding the vehicles, only the 0.1 mg/ml gel performed worse than the positive control for dentin. CaneCPI-5 reduced enamel and dentin erosion to a similar extent as the fluoride-containing vehicles. However, dentin requires higher CaneCPI-5 concentrations, in the case of gels. Solutions or gels containing CaneCPI-5 might be a new approach to protect against dental erosion.

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