scholarly journals The effect of natural fillers on the marine biodegradation behaviour of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjeld W. Meereboer ◽  
Akhilesh K. Pal ◽  
Erick O. Cisneros-López ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Astm Standard ◽  
Environmental Initiatives ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
First Time ◽  
Natural Fillers

AbstractWorldwide, improper disposal of plastics is instigating environmental initiatives to combat plastics accumulation of in the environment and the world’s oceans. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) biocomposites with Miscanthus (Misc) fibres and distillers’ dried grains with solubles (DDGS) were studied to ascertain if natural fibres and proteinaceous fillers can improve polyhydroxyalkanoate marine biodegradability. Using ASTM standard D7991-15, the biodegradation of PHBV, PHBV with Misc (15 and 25 wt%) and PHBV with DDGS (15 and 25 wt%) was performed in a simulated marine environment for the first time, as indicated by a literature survey. PHBV/Misc (85/15) and (75/25) biocomposites showed 15 and 25% more biodegradation compared to PHBV, respectively. Proteinaceous PHBV/DDGS (85/15) and (75/25) biocomposites showed 17 and 40% more biodegradation compared to PHBV, respectively. Furthermore, PHBV/Misc (75/25) and PHBV/DDGS (75/25) biocomposites were marine biodegraded in 412 and 295 days, respectively. In conclusion, proteinaceous fillers (DDGS) biocomposites have better marine biodegradability than miscanthus.

scholarly journals Pearl Oyster: From National Icon To Guardian of Qatar's Marine Environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Leitao BenHamadou1 ◽  
Zenaba Khatir ◽  
Noora Al-Shamary ◽  
Hassan Hassan ◽  
Zainab Hizan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
National Icon ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
First Time

The NPRP9-394-1-090 project “Pearl Oyster: from national icon to guardian of Qatar's marine environment” had as main aim to develop and apply an integrated suite of chemical and biological methods as early warning tools to assess the “health” of Qatar’s marine environment. The central theme consisted in an investigative monitoring program around the use of the pearl oyster, Pictada imbricata radiata, as a sentinel or guardian species. We have characterized the main environmental contaminants of concern at a selected number of sites around the Qatari coast (UmmBab, Al Khor, Al Wakra and Simaisma), during 2 years, in summer and winter. Potential ecological effects of contaminants (targeted and untargeted) were investigated at different biological organization levels (gene, chromosome, cell, individual, population), through a multidisciplinary approach, using classical and genotoxicological endpoints, integrative histopathology and transcriptomic responses to the different environmental stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first time an integrated approach connecting all these disciplines has been applied in the Qatari marine environment. We present here the main results, of this 3 years project, obtained in all different disciplinary approaches. The results of this project will leave a legacy of resources for future Qatari researchers, including an open access transcriptome data base and the first description of common pathologies observed in the pearl oyster P. i. radiata. Moreover, they will also represent a sound science-based baseline data essential for conservation and management planning, by integration of the data from all the different disciplines applied in the project to assess the potential ecological effects of contaminants at different biological levels.

scholarly journals The culturable mycobiota associated with the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina cavernicola, Crambe crambe and Phorbas tenacior

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Bovio ◽  
Estelle Sfecci ◽  
Anna Poli ◽  
Giorgio Gnavi ◽  
Valeria Prigione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Satellite Analysis ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Marine fungi are part of the huge and understudied biodiversity hosted in the sea. To broaden the knowledge on fungi inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and their role in sponge holobiont, three sponges namely Aplysina cavernicola, Crambe crambe and Phorbas tenacior were collected in Villefranche sur Mer, (France) at about 25 m depth. The fungal communities associated with the sponges were isolated using different techniques to increase the numbers of fungi isolated. All fungi were identified to species level giving rise to 19, 13 and 3 species for P. tenacior, A. cavernicola and C. crambe, respectively. Of note, 35.7% and 50.0% of the species detected were either reported for the first time in the marine environment or in association with sponges. The mini-satellite analysis confirmed the uniqueness of the mycobiota of each sponge, leading to think that the sponge, with its metabolome, may shape the microbial community.

scholarly journals Foraminifera and Ostracods from the Dinantian Woodbine Shale and Urswick Limestone, South Cumbria, U.K.

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Athersuch ◽  
A. R. E. Strank
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Stratotype Section ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Macrofaunal and foraminiferal analyses have shown the Woodbine Shale in South Cumbria to be of latest early Asbian age. Ostracods and solid foraminifera from the Woodbine Shale are described and illustrated for the first time. Several ostracods including Rectobairdia cf. dorssenata, Healdia ‘penchfordensis’, Bairdia cf. leguminoides, Pustulobairdia cf. confragosa and Microcheilinella subcorbulinoides, previously only known from late Asbian or younger strata, have now been shown to range into the early Asbian. The numerous bairdiids, heavily ornamented ostracods, trilobites, brachiopods and abundant foraminifera suggest a deep, subtidal, marine environment of deposition for the Woodbine Shale. Foraminifera from the underlying Lower Urswick Limestone suggest an early Asbian age for this formation whilst the overlying Upper Urswick Limestone is shown to be of late Asbian age. The foraminiferal assemblages from these beds can be correlated directly with those in the early Asbian Upper Potts Beck Limestone and the late Asbian Knipe Scar Limestone in the Asbian stratotype section at Little Asby Scar, Cumbria.

Tephra-fall deposits in the Sleat Group (Torridonian), Isle of Skye, Scotland

2005 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. BATCHELOR
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Tephra Fall ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Shallow Marine Environment ◽  
First Time ◽  
Isle Of Skye ◽  
Southern Highland ◽  
Fall Deposits

Tephra-fall deposits in the Late Mesoproterozoic Sleat Group (Torridonian) from Skye, Scotland, are described for the first time. Two individual beds occur within the Loch na Dal Formation which represents sedimentation in a shallow marine environment. Each bed has a distinctive brown, crumbly, amorphous appearance in the field and has sharp contacts with its host metasediment. This unique lithology is identical to that of albitic schists described recently from the Southern Highland Group, Dalradian Supergroup, which were identified as air-fall tuffs.

scholarly journals First Record of the Lessepsian Migrant Smith's Cardinalfish Jaydia smithi Kotthaus, 1970 (Pisces: Apogonidae) from Syrian Marine Waters

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Firas A. Al-Shawy ◽  
Murhaf M. Lahlah ◽  
Chirine S. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
First Record ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Environment Changes ◽  
Lessepsian Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time

Five individuals of Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi were collected from Ibn-Hani area, Lattakia, Syria on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Their morphometric and meristic characteristics are reported. There are several factors which assisted this specimen to reach this area of the Mediterranean; some of these factors might be the marine environment changes and the ballast water. This study reports that Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi, a member of Lessepsian species was found in Syrian marine waters for the first time.

scholarly journals Foraminiferal stratigraphy in a marine Eemian­Weichselian sequence at Apholm, North Jutland

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
K. L. Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eemian Interglacial ◽  
Undisturbed Core

Undisturbed core material is investigated for the first time from a marine Quaternary sequence through the Eemian of North Jutland. Core samples were examined from 86 m-190 m depth in a 202.6 m deep boring at Apholm. The marine sequence from that interval was subdivided into 4 biozones based on its foraminiferal content. Zone AP3 (190-140 m) contains boreal and boreal-lusitanian faunas indicating a water depth of at least 60-100 m. This zone is referred to the Eemian Interglacial. The Late Saatian/Eemian transition is identified at 190.2 m depth (AP4). The faunas of zone AP2 (140-113 m) record the onset of a major deterioration in climate and a considerable shallowing of the marine environment. The climate is then seen to fluctuate between arctic and boreal-arctic in zone APl (113 m to at least 86 m). This indicates the succeeding stadia! and interstadial periods. Zones AP2 and APl are referred to the Early and Middle Weichselian. The foraminiferal zones at Apholm are compared with the marine sequence at Skrerumhede. In addition, an attempt is made to relate these zones to the oxygen isotope chronology and to the Late Quaternary climatic regimes of the Norwegian Sea.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Exiguobacterium sp. Strain N4-1P, a Psychrophilic Bioemulsifier Producer Isolated from a Cold Marine Environment in North Atlantic Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinhong Cai ◽  
Xudong Ye ◽  
Bing Chen ◽  
Baiyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Psychrophilic Bacterium ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Exiguobacterium sp. strain N4-1P, a psychrophilic bacterium that produces bioemulsifier, isolated for the first time from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sediment samples from shoreline Newfoundland, Canada. Many strains of the genus Exiguobacterium are extremophiles and have properties of biotechnological interest.

scholarly journals Development of a Promising Fish Model (Oryzias melastigma) for Assessing Multiple Responses to Stresses in the Marine Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijun Dong ◽  
Mei Kang ◽  
Xinlong Wu ◽  
Ting Ye
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Marine Medaka ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Fish Model ◽  
Oryzias Melastigma ◽  
Toxicological Research

With the increasing number of contaminants in the marine environment, various experimental organisms have been “taken into labs” by investigators to find the most suitable environmentally relevant models for toxicity testing. The marine medaka,Oryzias melastigma, has a number of advantages that make it a prime candidate for these tests. Recently, many studies have been conducted on marine medaka, especially in terms of their physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses after exposure to contaminants and other environmental stressors. This review provides a literature survey highlighting the steady increase of ecotoxicological research on marine medaka, summarizes the advantages of usingO. melastigmaas a tool for toxicological research, and promotes the utilization of this organism in future studies.

scholarly journals COEXISTENCIA DE LAS DOS ESPECIES DE CACHORRETA (PISCES: AUXIS) EN LA REGIÓN DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Acero P. ◽  
Andrea Polanco F. ◽  
Jaime Garzón Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Auxis Thazard ◽  
First Time

The marine environment of the Santa Marta region (Colombian Caribbean) is unique in many ways. The coexistence there of both species of Auxis is herewith reported and discussed. Auxis thazard, the frigate tuna or frigate mackerel, has been reported several times from Santa Marta; however, the occurrence of A. rochei, the bullet tuna or bullet mackerel, is reported for the first time. Some inter and intraspecific differences are discussed; fishery aspects are commented as well.

scholarly journals One hundred years after Pinctada: an update on alien Mollusca in Tunisia

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ANTIT ◽  
S. GOFAS ◽  
C. SALAS ◽  
A. AZZOUNA
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Clear Indication ◽  
Marine Molluscs ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Pathway ◽  
Lessepsian Species ◽  
First Time

The occurrences of non-indigenous marine molluscs in Tunisia are reviewed, based booth on a literature survey and on original material. Species are accepted as established if there are two independent reports, either geographically separate or at least one month apart in time. On these grounds, 14 species are accepted (12 alien and 2 expanding their range from elsewhere in the Mediterranean), 3 aliens need confirmation but are likely to meet the standards for acceptation on a short future, and 5 records are rebutted or questioned. Two more species may be considered as cryptogenic, the reports are reliable but it is not clear indication that they are not indigenous. Two of the alien species are reported for the first time in Tunisian waters: the nudibranch Polycerella emertoni qualifies as established, and the bivalve Anadara transversa is tentatively identified from a juvenile live-taken specimen, which awaits further confirmation.The occurrence of aliens in Tunisia is balanced between presumably Lessepsian species of tropical Indo-Pacific origin, and species from other sources including species from the Tropical Atlantic introduced through shipping. Nevertheless there is a prevalence of Lessepsian species towards the Gulf of Gabes in the south, whereas the shipping activity in Tunis harbour may be the main pathway of introduction in the north.

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