scholarly journals A novel RNA-mediated mechanism causing down-regulation of insulating promoter interactions in human embryonic stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjuan Liu ◽  
Simon G. Williams ◽  
Hayden R. Jones ◽  
Bernard D. Keavney ◽  
Mun-Kit Choy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Chromatin Interaction ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Interaction Sites ◽  
Genome Wide

AbstractThe genome-wide promoter interactome is primarily maintained and regulated by architectural proteins such as CTCF and cohesin. However, some studies suggest a role for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in this process. We aimed to characterise the regulatory role of RNA-mediated promoter interactions in the control of gene expression. We integrated genome-wide datasets of RNA-chromatin and promoter-genome interactions in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to identify putative RNA-mediated promoter interactions. We discovered that CTCF sites were enriched in RNA-PIRs (promoter interacting regions co-localising with RNA-chromatin interaction sites) and genes interacting with RNA-PIRs containing CTCF sites showed higher expression levels. One of the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expressed in hESCs, Syntaxin 18-Antisense 1 (STX18-AS1), appeared to be involved in an insulating promoter interaction with the neighbouring gene, MSX1. By knocking down STX18-AS1, the MSX1 promoter-PIR interaction was intensified and the target gene (MSX1) expression was down-regulated. Conversely, reduced MSX1 promoter-PIR interactions, resulting from CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of the PIR, increased the expression of MSX1. We conclude that STX18-AS1 RNA antagonised local CTCF-mediated insulating promoter interactions to augment gene expression. Such down-regulation of the insulating promoter interactions by this novel mechanism may explain the higher expression of genes interacting with RNA-PIRs linked to CTCF sites.

Ethanol alters cell cycle gene expression in human embryonic stem cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Brian Gerwe ◽  
Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro ◽  
Rachel Nash ◽  
Jagan Arumugham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene Expression

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Definition of Promoter and Enhancer Usage during Neural Induction of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0126590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Poletti ◽  
Alessia Delli Carri ◽  
Guidantonio Malagoli Tagliazucchi ◽  
Andrea Faedo ◽  
Luca Petiti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Neural Induction ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Wide Definition ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Conditional Gene Expression in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Stem Cells ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1490-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Vallier ◽  
Morgan Alexander ◽  
Roger Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Conditional Gene Expression

scholarly journals Impact of AHR Ligand TCDD on Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Early Differentiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9052
Author(s):  
Indrek Teino ◽  
Antti Matvere ◽  
Martin Pook ◽  
Inge Varik ◽  
Laura Pajusaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Early Differentiation

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor, which mediates the effects of a variety of environmental stimuli in multiple tissues. Recent advances in AHR biology have underlined its importance in cells with high developmental potency, including pluripotent stem cells. Nonetheless, there is little data on AHR expression and its role during the initial stages of stem cell differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal pattern of AHR expression during directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) into neural progenitor, early mesoderm and definitive endoderm cells. Additionally, we investigated the effect of the AHR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the gene expression profile in hESCs and differentiated cells by RNA-seq, accompanied by identification of AHR binding sites by ChIP-seq and epigenetic landscape analysis by ATAC-seq. We showed that AHR is differentially regulated in distinct lineages. We provided evidence that TCDD alters gene expression patterns in hESCs and during early differentiation. Additionally, we identified novel potential AHR target genes, which expand our understanding on the role of this protein in different cell types.

scholarly journals MicroRNA and gene expression patterns in the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqiang Ren ◽  
Ping Jin ◽  
Ena Wang ◽  
Francesco M Marincola ◽  
David F Stroncek
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Gene Expression Patterns

scholarly journals Down‐regulation of ATF1 leads to early neuroectoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by increasing the expression level of SOX2

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 10577-10592
Author(s):  
Shang‐Chih Yang ◽  
Jan‐Jan Liu ◽  
Cheng‐Kai Wang ◽  
Yu‐Tsen Lin ◽  
Su‐Yi Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Down Regulation

scholarly journals MicroRNAs: From Female Fertility, Germ Cells, and Stem Cells to Cancer in Humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Virant-Klun ◽  
Anders Ståhlberg ◽  
Mikael Kubista ◽  
Thomas Skutella
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression

MicroRNAs are a family of naturally occurring small noncoding RNA molecules that play an important regulatory role in gene expression. They are suggested to regulate a large proportion of protein encoding genes by mediating the translational suppression and posttranscriptional control of gene expression. Recent findings show that microRNAs are emerging as important regulators of cellular differentiation and dedifferentiation, and are deeply involved in developmental processes including human preimplantation development. They keep a balance between pluripotency and differentiation in the embryo and embryonic stem cells. Moreover, it became evident that dysregulation of microRNA expression may play a fundamental role in progression and dissemination of different cancers including ovarian cancer. The interest is still increased by the discovery of exosomes, that is, cell-derived vesicles, which can carry different proteins but also microRNAs between different cells and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. MicroRNAs, together with exosomes, have a great potential to be used for prognosis, therapy, and biomarkers of different diseases including infertility. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the existent knowledge on microRNAs related to female fertility and cancer: from primordial germ cells and ovarian function, germinal stem cells, oocytes, and embryos to embryonic stem cells.

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