Prevalence and associated factors of pistol grip deformity in Japanese local residents

Objective.The relationship between acetabular dysplasia (HD) and hip osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear, especially for mild forms of dysplasia. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of HD in a population-based sample with symptoms and to evaluate potential associations linking HD, hip OA, and hip pain.Methods.Individuals 40 to 75 years of age with symptoms in 1 or both hips were recruited during a multiregional prevalence survey. All study participants underwent examination and radiographs. Radiographs were evaluated using Kellgren-Lawrence staging (with stages ≥ 2 indicating hip OA) and HD measures [center-edge (CE) angle, acetabular inclination angle (HTE), acetabular depth (AD), and vertical center-anterior margin angle].Results.We studied both hips of 842 individuals (1684 hips), among whom 203 had hip OA. Compared to left hips, right hips had significantly smaller CE angles and significantly greater AD and HTE values (p ≤ 0.001). Overall, the prevalence of HD ranged from 7.6% to 22.2% of the hips depending on the measure used. The prevalence of HD was higher in individuals with hip OA, with significant differences for abnormal HTE (19.1% vs 11.4%; p < 0.0001) and abnormal CE (11.3% vs 7.5%; p = 0.04). By logistic regression, only abnormal HTE remained associated with OA. Same-side hip pain was not statistically more common in individuals with HD after stratification on OA status (p = 0.12).Conclusion.Our study confirms the relationship between OA and HD, particularly as defined based on the HTE angle.

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Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: their clinical significance and effects on hip loading

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50108/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshige Tateuchi ◽

Haruhiko Akiyama ◽

Koji Goto ◽

Kazutaka So ◽

Yutaka Kuroda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Stride Length ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Joint Space ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Type C ◽

Space Width

Abstract Background: Changes in gait speed are required in various situations and can be achieved by changing stride length, cadence, or both. Differences in strategies for increasing gait speed may have different effects on hip joint and physical function. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of strategies for increasing gait speed on hip pain, physical function, and changes in hip loading during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that patients who increase gait speed mainly by increasing cadence would have lesser hip pain, a higher physical function, and a lower rate of increase in hip moments with increasing gait speed.Methods: Forty-seven patients with secondary hip OA (age, 48.3 ± 11.0 years) were included. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and peak and impulse of the hip moments were measured during gait at self-selected normal and fast gait speeds. The patients were classified as types S (with mainly increasing stride length, n = 11 [23.4%]), C (with mainly increasing cadence, n = 23 [48.9%]), and SC (with increasing stride length and cadence, n = 13 [27.7%]) according to whether they used changes in stride length and/or cadence to transition from normal to fast gait. Hip pain, physical function, and hip moments changes during gait were compared between types.Results: The physical function was higher in types C (38.0 ± 8.8, P = 0.018) and SC (40.6 ± 8.5, P = 0.015) than in type S (28.2 ± 7.8), even after adjustment for age and minimum joint space width. Hip pain was not significantly different between types. The robustness of these results was confirmed with sensitivity analysis. The rates of increases in peak external hip adduction (P = 0.003) and internal rotation moments (P = 0.009) were lower in type C than in type SC.Conclusions: Type C tended to suppress the increase in hip moments during fast gait. Types C and SC, which included increased cadence, maintained higher physical function levels than type S. Encouraging the use of cadence-increasing strategy may be useful for reducing hip loading and maintaining physical function in patients with hip OA.

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Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: their clinical significance and effects on hip loading

Arthritis Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13075-021-02514-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshige Tateuchi ◽

Haruhiko Akiyama ◽

Koji Goto ◽

Kazutaka So ◽

Yutaka Kuroda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Stride Length ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Joint Space ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Type C ◽

Space Width

Abstract Background Changes in gait speed are required in various situations and can be achieved by changing stride length, cadence, or both. Differences in strategies for increasing gait speed may have different effects on hip joint and physical function. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of strategies for increasing gait speed on hip pain, physical function, and changes in hip loading during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that patients who increase gait speed mainly by increasing cadence would have lesser hip pain, a higher physical function, and a lower rate of increase in hip moments with increasing gait speed. Methods Forty-seven patients with secondary hip OA (age, 48.3 ± 11.0 years) were included. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and peak and impulse of the hip moments were measured during gait at self-selected normal and fast gait speeds. The patients were classified as types S (with mainly increasing stride length, n = 11 [23.4%]), C (with mainly increasing cadence, n = 23 [48.9%]), and SC (with increasing stride length and cadence, n = 13 [27.7%]) according to whether they used changes in stride length and/or cadence to transition from normal to fast gait. Hip pain, physical function, and hip moment changes during gait were compared between types. Results The physical function was higher in types C (38.0 ± 8.8, P = 0.018) and SC (40.6 ± 8.5, P = 0.015) than in type S (28.2 ± 7.8), even after adjustment for age and minimum joint space width. Hip pain was not significantly different between types. The robustness of these results was confirmed with sensitivity analysis. The rates of increases in peak external hip adduction (P = 0.003) and internal rotation moments (P = 0.009) were lower in type C than in type SC. Conclusions Type C tended to suppress the increase in hip moments during fast gait. Types C and SC, which included increased cadence, maintained higher physical function levels than type S. Encouraging the use of cadence-increasing strategy may be useful for reducing hip loading and maintaining physical function in patients with hip OA.

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Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: their clinical significance and effects on hip loading

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50108/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshige Tateuchi ◽

Haruhiko Akiyama ◽

Koji Goto ◽

Kazutaka So ◽

Yutaka Kuroda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Stride Length ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Joint Space ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Type C ◽

Space Width

Abstract Background: Changes in gait speed are required in various situations and can be achieved by changing stride length, cadence, or both. Differences in strategies for increasing gait speed may have different effects on hip joint and physical function. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of strategies for increasing gait speed on hip pain, physical function, and changes in hip loading during gait in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that patients who increase gait speed mainly by increasing cadence would have lesser hip pain, a higher physical function, and a lower rate of increase in hip moments with increasing gait speed.Methods: Forty-seven patients with secondary hip OA (age, 48.3 ± 11.0 years) were included. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and peak and impulse of the hip moments were measured during gait at self-selected normal and fast gait speeds. The patients were classified as types S (with mainly increasing stride length, n = 11 [23.4%]), C (with mainly increasing cadence, n = 23 [48.9%]), and SC (with increasing stride length and cadence, n = 13 [27.7%]) according to whether they used changes in stride length and/or cadence to transition from normal to fast gait. Hip pain, physical function, and hip moments changes during gait were compared between types.Results: The physical function was higher in types C (38.0 ± 8.8, P = 0.018) and SC (40.6 ± 8.5, P = 0.015) than in type S (28.2 ± 7.8), even after adjustment for age and minimum joint space width. Hip pain was not significantly different between types. The robustness of these results was confirmed with sensitivity analysis. The rates of increases in peak external hip adduction (P = 0.003) and internal rotation moments (P = 0.009) were lower in type C than in type SC.Conclusions: Type C tended to suppress the increase in hip moments during fast gait. Types C and SC, which included increased cadence, maintained higher physical function levels than type S. Encouraging the use of cadence-increasing strategy may be useful for reducing hip loading and maintaining physical function in patients with hip OA.

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Strategies for increasing gait speed in patients with hip osteoarthritis: their clinical significance and effects on hip loading

10.21203/rs.3.rs-50108/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshige Tateuchi ◽

Haruhiko Akiyama ◽

Koji Goto ◽

Kazutaka So ◽

Yutaka Kuroda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Hip Joint ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Stride Length ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Joint Space ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Type C

Abstract Background Change in gait speed is required in various situations in daily life, and can be achieved by changing stride length, cadence, or both. Differences in strategies for increasing gait speed may have different effects on the hip joint and on physical function. Our primary purpose was to determine the effects of strategies for increasing gait speed on hip pain and physical function in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). The secondary purpose was to examine the effects of strategies for increasing gait speed on the changes in hip loading during gait. Methods Forty-seven patients with secondary hip OA (age 48.3 ± 11.0 years) were included. Gait speed, stride length, cadence, and peak and impulse of the hip joint moment were measured during gait at self-selected normal and fast gait speeds, using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. The patients were classified as types S (increasing mainly stride length), C (increasing mainly cadence), and SC (increasing stride length and cadence) according to whether they used changes in stride length and/or cadence to transition from a normal to a fast gait. Hip pain, physical function, and change in hip moments during gait were compared between the types. Results The distribution of the patients was as follows: types S, 23.4%; C, 48.9%; and SC, 27.7%. Physical function status was higher in types C (P = 0.018) and SC (P = 0.015) than in type S, even after adjustment for age and minimum joint space width. Hip pain was not significantly different between the types. The robustness of those results was confirmed by a sensitivity analysis. The rates of the increases in peak external hip adduction (P = 0.003) and internal rotation moments (P = 0.009) were lower in type C than in type SC. Conclusions Type C tended to suppress the increase in hip joint moments during fast gait. Types C and SC, which included increased cadence, maintained higher physical function levels than type S. Encouraging use of a cadence-increasing strategy may be useful for reducing hip loading and maintaining physical function in patients with hip OA.

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Osteophyte size and location on hip DXA scans are associated with hip pain: findings from a cross sectional study in UK Biobank

10.1101/2021.04.26.21255905 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin G Faber ◽

Raja Ebsim ◽

Fiona R Saunders ◽

Monika Frysz ◽

Claudia Lindner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Femoral Head ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Hip Osteoarthritis ◽

Joint Space ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Automated Method ◽

The Relationship

Objective It remains unclear how the different features of radiographic hip osteoarthritis (rHOA) contribute to hip pain. We examined the relationship between rHOA, including its individual components, and hip pain using a novel dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based method. Methods Hip DXAs were obtained from UK Biobank. An automated method was developed to obtain minimum joint space width (mJSW) from points placed around the femoral head and acetabulum. Osteophyte areas at the lateral acetabulum, superior and inferior femoral head were derived manually. Semi-quantitative measures of osteophytes and joint space narrowing (JSN) were combined to provide a measure of rHOA. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between these variables and hip pain, obtained via questionnaires. Results 6,807 hip DXAs were examined. rHOA was present in 353 [5.2%] individuals and was associated with hip pain [OR 2.07 (95% CI 1.54-2.80)] and hospital diagnosed OA [5.73 (2.89-11.36)]. Total osteophyte area and mJSW were associated with hip pain [1.29 (1.21-1.36), 0.84 (0.77-0.92) respectively] in unadjusted models. After mutually adjusting and adding demographic covariates, total osteophyte area continued to have strong evidence of association with hip pain [1.31 (1.23-1.39)] but mJSW did not [0.95 (0.87-1.04)]. Acetabular, superior and inferior femoral osteophyte areas were all independently associated with hip pain [1.19 (1.13-1.26), 1.22 (1.15-1.29), 1.21 (1.14-1.28) respectively]. Conclusion The relationship between DXA-derived rHOA and prevalent hip pain is explained by osteophyte area rather than mJSW. Osteophytes at different locations showed important, potentially independent, associations with hip pain, possibly reflecting the contribution of distinct biomechanical pathways.

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Comparison of Joint Space Measurements between Supine and Weightbearing Anteroposterior Pelvis Radiographs for Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120s00347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7_suppl6) ◽

pp. 2325967120S0034

Author(s):

Blake Bodendorfer ◽

Vishal Mehta ◽

Kenneth Tepper ◽

Austin Looney

Keyword(s):

Hip Arthroscopy ◽

Interobserver Reliability ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Joint Space ◽

Hip Pain ◽

Radiographic Measurement ◽

Clinical Workflow ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Single Leg Stance ◽

Space Width

Objectives: Osteoarthritis and joint space narrowing of the hip have been correlated with poor outcomes and conversion to arthroplasty after hip arthroscopy. However, a standardized protocol for radiographic measurement of minimal joint space width of the hip has not been developed. We hypothesized that minimal joint space width would be significantly lower on the affected side in weightbearing anteroposterior pelvis radiographs versus supine radiographs. We also hypothesized that radiographs with single-leg stance would show the lowest minimal joint space width. Methods: Thirty-one consecutive adult patients with hip pain were prospectively enrolled and each had single-leg and double-leg weightbearing and supine anteroposterior pelvis radiographs in a standardized position. Two independent investigators determined minimal joint space width. Differences between minimal JSW as well as intra- and interobserver reliability were calculated. One and 2-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the measurements. Power analysis determined that recruitment of 30 patients was necessary to achieve 90% power. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: No significant differences in joint space width were found between supine or weightbearing radiographs for any pelvis site (Figure 1). Comparing those under 50 years of age to those older than 50 years of age, mean joint space width was 3.5±0.5 vs. 3.0±0.9 in the supine position, 3.2±0.8 vs. 3.0±1.0 during double-leg stance, and 3.5±0.5 vs. 3.0±1.1 during single-leg stance (P=0.002). Conclusion: Our data showed no significant difference in joint space width among anteroposterior single-leg or double-leg weightbearing or supine radiographs at any location measured. These findings suggest that either weightbearing or supine radiographs can be used to evaluate hip joint space width and that all locations provide a similar indication of joint space width. These findings support the use of a single view for the evaluation of JSW in patients with hip pain, which may allow for a less burdensome clinical workflow. [Table: see text]

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The relationship between hip joint space width, center edge angle and acetabular depth

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage ◽

10.1016/j.joca.2007.05.016 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 1446-1451 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

G.A. Daysal ◽

B. Goker ◽

E. Gonen ◽

M.D. Demirag ◽

S. Haznedaroglu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hip Joint ◽

Joint Space Width ◽

Joint Space ◽

Edge Angle ◽

Center Edge ◽

The Relationship ◽

Space Width ◽

Center Edge Angle

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TUMOUR PATHOLOGY PREDICTS MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY IN A POPULATION-BASED SERIES OF COLORECTAL CANCER CASES

Clinical & Investigative Medicine ◽

10.25011/cim.v31i4.4807 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

A J Hyde ◽

D Fontaine ◽

R C Green ◽

M Simms ◽

P S Parfrey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lynch Syndrome ◽

Microsatellite Instability ◽

Population Based ◽

Pathological Features ◽

Predictive Tool ◽

Entire Cohort ◽

Dna Mismatch ◽

Bethesda Guidelines ◽

Revised Bethesda Guidelines

Background: Lynch Syndrome is an autosomal dominant trait that accounts forapproximately 3% of all cases of colorectal cancer (CRC). It is caused by mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, most commonly MLH1 or MSH2. These MMR defects cause high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) in the tumours. MSI testing of all CRCs to identify potential Lynch Syndrome cases is not practical, so the Bethesda Guidelines, which use clinical and pathological features, were created to identify those tumours most likely to be MSI-H^1. In 2007 Jenkins et. al. created MsPath, a tool based on the pathological features described in the rarely used 3^rd Bethesda criterion, to improve prediction of MSI-H tumours among CRC cases diagnosed before age 60 years^2. Methods: We collected a population-based cohort of 716 CRC cases diagnosed before age 75 years in Newfoundland. For each of these cases we collected family history, performed MSI analysis, and scored a number of pathological features for the purpose of evaluating the accuracy of the Bethesda Criteria and MsPath at predicting MSI-H tumours. Results: Our work validates the MsPath tool in the Newfoundland population for the same age group used to create the tool. We found it identified MSI-H cases with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 35% in our population of CRCcases diagnosed before age 60 years (n=290). We also tested this tool on our older population of CRCcases, diagnosed at ages 60 to 74 years (n=426). We found it to be at least as predictive in this population,with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 42%. We then used our entire cohort (N=716) to compare MsPath with the other Bethesda criteria.Bethesda criteria 1, 2, 4 and 5 together predicted MSI-H cases with a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 51%. MsPath was better at identifying these cases, with a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 39%. Conclusions: We conclude that MsPath can be extended to include patients diagnosed with CRC before age 75 years. As well, we have found that MsPath is a better predictive tool than the Revised Bethesda Guidelines for identifying MSI-H cases within a population-based setting of colorectal cancer. References: 1. Umar, A. et. al. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:261-8 2.Jenkins, M.A. et. al. Gastroenterology 2007;133:48-56

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