scholarly journals Pain sensitivity increases with sleep disturbance under predictable chronic mild stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhel Dalanon ◽  
Sachiko Chikahisa ◽  
Tetsuya Shiuchi ◽  
Noriyuki Shimizu ◽  
Parimal Chavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Thermal Hyperalgesia ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Impaired Sleep ◽  
Thermal Stimuli

AbstractEven though it has been well documented that stress can lead to the development of sleep disorders and the intensification of pain, their relationships have not been fully understood. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of predictable chronic mild stress (PCMS) on sleep–wake states and pain threshold, using the PCMS rearing conditions of mesh wire (MW) and water (W) for 21 days. Exposure to PCMS decreased the amount of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep during the dark phase. Moreover, the chronicity of PCMS decreased slow-wave activity (SWA) during NREM sleep in the MW and W groups in both the light and dark phases. Mechanical and aversively hot thermal hyperalgesia were more intensified in the PCMS groups than the control. Higher plasma corticosterone levels were seen in mice subjected to PCMS, whereas TNF-α expression was found higher in the hypothalamus in the W and the trigeminal ganglion in the MW group. The W group had higher expression levels of IL-6 in the thalamus as well. The PCMS paradigm decreased SWA and may have intensified mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. The current study also suggests that rearing under PCMS may cause impaired sleep quality and heightened pain sensation to painful mechanical and aversively hot thermal stimuli.

Electroacupuncture Prevents the Depression-Like Behavior by Inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammatory Pathway in Hippocampus of Mice Subjected to Chronic Mild Stress

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Hongsheng Bi ◽  
Hongfei Huang ◽  
Yitong Wang ◽  
Lili Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Immobility Time

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The precise physiological mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of depression are still unknown. This study aimed to observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on depression-like behavior of mouse in chronic mild stress (CMS) model and explore the underlying mechanism. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The depression model was established by using CMS method for 6 weeks. After the third week of the CMS paradigm, EA treatment was performed daily for 15 min over a period of 3 weeks. The antidepressant-like effects of EA were evaluated using the sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test (FST). The protein levels of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), p-NF-κB, inhibitor of NF-κB, p-IκBα, NOD-like receptor protein 3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hippocampus of mice were detected. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sucrose preference was decreased after 6 weeks of CMS and the effects of CMS was reversed by EA. CMS increased immobility time and decreased latency to the first immobility in the FST test, but these effects were reversed by EA. CMS-induced nuclear entry of NF-κB (nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of NF-κB) with an increase in protein levels of p-NF-κB and p-IκBα in the hippocampus. The CMS also increased NLRP3 levels in the hippocampus. However, these effects were reversed by EA. In addition, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in the hippocampus were increased by CMS, and these effects of stress were reversed by EA. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> EA prevented CMS-induced depressive-like behaviors by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway.

The influence of mianserin on TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels in rats under chronic mild stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Manikowska ◽  
Monika Mikołajczyk ◽  
Przemysław Ł. Mikołajczak ◽  
Teresa Bobkiewicz-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Tnf Α

Behavioural, metabolic, and endothelial effects of the TNF-α suppressor thalidomide on rats subjected to chronic mild stress and fed an atherogenic diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Ismail ◽  
Sawsan Aboul-Fotouh ◽  
Amal A. Mansour ◽  
Hanan H. Shehata ◽  
Manal I. Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunctions

There is accumulating evidence suggesting that depression is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α would partially explain the link between depression and atherosclerotic endothelial changes. Rats were distributed among 6 groups: (i) control group; (ii) group subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS); (iii) group fed a cholesterol–cholic acid–thiouracil (CCT diet); and (iv) CMS group fed the CCT diet and treated with the vehicle for 8 weeks. The last 2 groups were subjected to CMS–CCT and received thalidomide (THAL) or imipramine (IMIP). Rats were assessed behaviorally (sucrose preference, open field, and forced-swimming tests). TNF-α protein was assessed from the serum, aorta, and liver. Aortic TNF-α gene expression (assessed using RT–PCR), serum lipid profile, and insulin levels were measured. Endothelial function was assessed in isolated aortic rings. The THAL and IMIP groups showed ameliorated CMS–CCT-related behavioral changes. CMS–CCT-induced metabolic and endothelial dysfunctions were improved in the THAL group but were worsened in the IMIP group. RT–PCR showed a significant reduction of aortic TNF-α mRNA expression in the THAL and IMIP treatment groups. These data paralleled the findings for aortic immunohistochemistry. The THAL group, but not the IMIP group, showed improved CMS–CCT-induced changes in the vascular reactivity of the aortic rings. Thus, TNF-α provides a target link between depression, metabolic syndrome, and endothelial dysfunction. This could open a new therapeutic approach to address the comorbidities of depression.

scholarly journals Learned Immobility Produces Enduring Impairment of the HPA Axis Reactivity in Mice without Replicating the Broad Spectrum of Depressive-Like Phenotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Sébastien Bullich ◽  
Sarah Delcourte ◽  
Nasser Haddjeri ◽  
Bruno P. Guiard
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drug ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Level

The forced swim stress test (FST) is widely used for screening pharmacological or non-pharmacological strategies with potential antidepressant activities. Recent data have suggested that repeated FST for five consecutive days (i.e., 5d-RFSS) could be used to generate a robust depressive-like phenotype in mice. However, the face, construct, and predictive validities of 5d-RFSS have been recently challenged. This study took advantage of recent findings showing that mice vulnerability to anxiety is enhanced when animals are stressed during the dark phase, to provide new insight into the relevance of this model. Our results showed a progressive increase in time of immobility in 5d-RFSS mice relative to control non-stressed animals (sham). Three weeks later, we noticed that 5d-RFSS mice injected with the vehicle compound (Veh) still exhibited a high level of immobility in the FST whereas this behavior was reversed by the antidepressant drug amitriptyline (AMI). However, 5d-RFSS/Veh and 5d-RFSS mice/AMI mice showed normal performances in the open field, the novelty suppressed feeding and the tail suspension tests. Despite this lack of generalized behavioral deficits, an impairment of different parameters characterizing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity was evidenced in 5d-RFSS mice/Veh but not in 5d-RFSS mice/AMI. Despite anomalies in the HPA axis, the activity of the central serotonergic system remained unaffected in 5d-RFSS mice relative to controls. From our results, it is suggested that learned immobility does not replicate the broad spectrum of depressive symptoms observed in other chronic models of depression such as the unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) model, the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model or chronic corticosterone (CORT) exposure but its influence on the HPA axis is remarkable. Further experiments are warranted to makes this model suitable for modelling depression and therefore refine its translational applicability.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effect of Chronic Treatment with Extracts from Rhodiola Rosea L. and Curcuma Longa L. on the Immunoreactivity of Animals Subjected to a Chronic Mild Stress Model

Folia Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya V. Vasileva ◽  
Kremena Е. Saracheva ◽  
Mariya V. Ivanovska ◽  
Atanaska P. Petrova ◽  
Emir Sucouglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractBackground: Recent studies have suggested increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in depression. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of extracts from Rhodiola and Curcuma on immunoreactivity of animals subjected to a chronic mild stress (CMS) model followed by lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats (n=56) divided in 7 groups were treated orally with: distilled water 10 ml/kg (control and CMS model groups); Rhodiola 250 mg/kg; Rhodiola 500 mg/kg; Curcuma 250 mg/kg; Curcuma 500 mg/kg, Rhodiola 250 mg/kg and Curcuma 250 mg/kg. All groups except the control were stressed daily according to a CMS protocol. Changes in glucose preference, weight gain and locomotor activity were recorded. In the sixth week the animals were challenged with LPS and rats’ sera were obtained for ELISA evaluation of TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Results: The animals from the model group decreased their weight gain, glucose preference and locomotor activity compared to controls. The groups exposed to stress and treated with Rhodiola 500 mg/kg, Curcuma 500 mg/kg and their combination increased their locomotor activity compared to the model group. High expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were found in all groups exposed to CMS and challenged by LPS. Conclusions: The groups exposed to the stress procedure showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes. In addition, ELISA tests showed that CMS is affecting rats’ immunity by increasing the cytokines’ levels. These changes could be reversed by administration of Rhodiola and Curcuma in combination suggesting synergic interaction regarding their anti-inflammatory and anti-stress effects.

Chronic Administration of Infliximab (TNF-α Inhibitor) Decreases Depression and Anxiety-like Behaviour in Rat Model of Chronic Mild Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Karson ◽  
Tuğçe Demirtaş ◽  
Dilek Bayramgürler ◽  
Fuat Balcı ◽  
Tijen Utkan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Tnf Α

Pumpkin seed oil and zinc attenuate chronic mild stress perturbations in the cerebral cortex of rats

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa H. El-Azma ◽  
Nadia M. El-Beih ◽  
Karima A. El-Shamy ◽  
Khaled M.M. Koriem ◽  
Mahitab I. Elkassaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil ◽  
Cage Test

Purpose This study aims to investigate the potential of pumpkin seed oil (PSO) and zinc to attenuate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation caused by chronic mild stress (CMS) in the cerebral cortex of male rats. Design/methodology/approach The rats were submitted to stress for six weeks and then the behavior of the rats was tested by forced swimming test (FST) and novel cage test. The treated groups were given venlafaxine (20 mg/kg), pumpkin seed oil (40 mg/kg) and zinc (4 mg/kg). The cortex homogenate was used for the detection of the oxidative stress parameters, the concentration of neurotransmitters, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and the expression of histamine N-methyltransferase (Hnmt) and tyrosine hydroxylase (Th). Findings CMS causes a significant increase in immobility time in the FST and a significant decrease in the number of rearing in the novel cage test. CMS group showed a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, levels of cortisol, TNF-α, IL-1β, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde. CMS caused a significant decrease in the concentrations of serotonin, GABA, norepinephrine, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and Na+/K+-ATPase. CMS caused a marked reduction in the expression of Hnmt and Th in the cortex. PSO and zinc attenuated the Na+/K+-ATPase activity, oxidative parameters and neuroinflammation induced by the CMS, and this was reflected by the elevation of the concentration of neurotransmitters and reduction of cortisol and ALT, in addition to the behavior normalization. PSO and zinc attenuated the CMS by improving the antioxidant milieu and anti-inflammatory status of the cerebral cortex. Originality/value There are no studies on the effect of pumpkin seed oil on depression

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