The influence of mianserin on TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels in rats under chronic mild stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Manikowska ◽  
Monika Mikołajczyk ◽  
Przemysław Ł. Mikołajczak ◽  
Teresa Bobkiewicz-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Tnf Α

Electroacupuncture Prevents the Depression-Like Behavior by Inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammatory Pathway in Hippocampus of Mice Subjected to Chronic Mild Stress

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Hongsheng Bi ◽  
Hongfei Huang ◽  
Yitong Wang ◽  
Lili Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Preference Test ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Pathway ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Immobility Time

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The precise physiological mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of depression are still unknown. This study aimed to observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on depression-like behavior of mouse in chronic mild stress (CMS) model and explore the underlying mechanism. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The depression model was established by using CMS method for 6 weeks. After the third week of the CMS paradigm, EA treatment was performed daily for 15 min over a period of 3 weeks. The antidepressant-like effects of EA were evaluated using the sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test (FST). The protein levels of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), p-NF-κB, inhibitor of NF-κB, p-IκBα, NOD-like receptor protein 3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hippocampus of mice were detected. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sucrose preference was decreased after 6 weeks of CMS and the effects of CMS was reversed by EA. CMS increased immobility time and decreased latency to the first immobility in the FST test, but these effects were reversed by EA. CMS-induced nuclear entry of NF-κB (nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio of NF-κB) with an increase in protein levels of p-NF-κB and p-IκBα in the hippocampus. The CMS also increased NLRP3 levels in the hippocampus. However, these effects were reversed by EA. In addition, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in the hippocampus were increased by CMS, and these effects of stress were reversed by EA. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> EA prevented CMS-induced depressive-like behaviors by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway.

Behavioural, metabolic, and endothelial effects of the TNF-α suppressor thalidomide on rats subjected to chronic mild stress and fed an atherogenic diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Ismail ◽  
Sawsan Aboul-Fotouh ◽  
Amal A. Mansour ◽  
Hanan H. Shehata ◽  
Manal I. Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunctions

There is accumulating evidence suggesting that depression is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α would partially explain the link between depression and atherosclerotic endothelial changes. Rats were distributed among 6 groups: (i) control group; (ii) group subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS); (iii) group fed a cholesterol–cholic acid–thiouracil (CCT diet); and (iv) CMS group fed the CCT diet and treated with the vehicle for 8 weeks. The last 2 groups were subjected to CMS–CCT and received thalidomide (THAL) or imipramine (IMIP). Rats were assessed behaviorally (sucrose preference, open field, and forced-swimming tests). TNF-α protein was assessed from the serum, aorta, and liver. Aortic TNF-α gene expression (assessed using RT–PCR), serum lipid profile, and insulin levels were measured. Endothelial function was assessed in isolated aortic rings. The THAL and IMIP groups showed ameliorated CMS–CCT-related behavioral changes. CMS–CCT-induced metabolic and endothelial dysfunctions were improved in the THAL group but were worsened in the IMIP group. RT–PCR showed a significant reduction of aortic TNF-α mRNA expression in the THAL and IMIP treatment groups. These data paralleled the findings for aortic immunohistochemistry. The THAL group, but not the IMIP group, showed improved CMS–CCT-induced changes in the vascular reactivity of the aortic rings. Thus, TNF-α provides a target link between depression, metabolic syndrome, and endothelial dysfunction. This could open a new therapeutic approach to address the comorbidities of depression.

scholarly journals Synbiotic Combinations of Lactobacillus Gasseri 505 and Cudrania Tricuspidata Leaf Extracts Ameliorate Reproductive Dysfunction in Mice Under Chronic Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Su Oh ◽  
Sae Hun Kim ◽  
Jae Yeon Joung ◽  
Whasun Lim ◽  
Jiyeon Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cudrania Tricuspidata ◽  
Lactobacillus Gasseri ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 (505) and the synbiotic combination of 505 and Cudrania tricuspidata leaf extracts (CT) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in mice during chronic stress. In our previous study, a synbiotic combination (Syn) of a fermented CT-supplemented milk with 505 exhibited good anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities in mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that a Syn may exert some preventive effects in the male reproductive system when suffering from unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). UCMS significantly decreased the serum levels of corticosterone, however, treatment with 505 and its Syn suppressed UCMS-induced decreases. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed that these organs experienced some damage during UCMS, but this was repaired following treatment with 505 or Syn. Similarly, the transcription levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH receptor, and gonadotropins, moreover, testicular development (i.e., Adam5, Adam29, and Spam1) - and steroidogenesis (i.e., Lhr, Egfr, and StAR) -related genes were significantly downregulated by UCMS. These UCMS-induced changes were inhibited following the administration of 505 or Syn, which was confirmed by the results of in situ hybridization analysis. These results suggest that the administration of a Syn could attenuate the testicular dysfunctions induced by UCMS.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effect of Chronic Treatment with Extracts from Rhodiola Rosea L. and Curcuma Longa L. on the Immunoreactivity of Animals Subjected to a Chronic Mild Stress Model

Folia Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya V. Vasileva ◽  
Kremena Е. Saracheva ◽  
Mariya V. Ivanovska ◽  
Atanaska P. Petrova ◽  
Emir Sucouglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractBackground: Recent studies have suggested increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in depression. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of extracts from Rhodiola and Curcuma on immunoreactivity of animals subjected to a chronic mild stress (CMS) model followed by lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats (n=56) divided in 7 groups were treated orally with: distilled water 10 ml/kg (control and CMS model groups); Rhodiola 250 mg/kg; Rhodiola 500 mg/kg; Curcuma 250 mg/kg; Curcuma 500 mg/kg, Rhodiola 250 mg/kg and Curcuma 250 mg/kg. All groups except the control were stressed daily according to a CMS protocol. Changes in glucose preference, weight gain and locomotor activity were recorded. In the sixth week the animals were challenged with LPS and rats’ sera were obtained for ELISA evaluation of TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Results: The animals from the model group decreased their weight gain, glucose preference and locomotor activity compared to controls. The groups exposed to stress and treated with Rhodiola 500 mg/kg, Curcuma 500 mg/kg and their combination increased their locomotor activity compared to the model group. High expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were found in all groups exposed to CMS and challenged by LPS. Conclusions: The groups exposed to the stress procedure showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes. In addition, ELISA tests showed that CMS is affecting rats’ immunity by increasing the cytokines’ levels. These changes could be reversed by administration of Rhodiola and Curcuma in combination suggesting synergic interaction regarding their anti-inflammatory and anti-stress effects.

scholarly journals Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) Mediates the Protective Effect of L.Cucurbita Pepo on Salivary Glands of Depressed Rat Evident by Structural, Biochemical and Molecular Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailah M. ALmohaimeed ◽  
Emad A. Albadawi ◽  
Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Hadel M. Alghabban ◽  
Hanan S. Seleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract BackgroundAcute and chronic stresses affect the salivary glands which are the source of plasma BDNF during stressful conditions. Pumpkin is a medicinal plant with an evident antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential antidepressant effects. This work was conducted to assess the impact of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on the structure of albino rats’ salivary glands and evaluate the role of pumpkin extract (Pump) in ameliorating this effect. MethodsFour groups (n=10 each) of male albino rats included in this study; the control, CUMS, CUMS+fluoxetine and (CUMS+Pump). Corticosterone, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α & IL-6) and the oxidant/antioxidant profile were all assessed in the serum. BDNF mRNA level was measured in the salivary glands using qRT-PCR. Histopathological changes of the salivary glands were also assessed. ResultsDepression was confirmed behaviorally and biochemically. Exposure to CUMS significantly (p< 0.001) up-regulated the level of serum corticosterone. CUMS induced degenerative changes in the secretory and ductal system, atrophy of acini and increased apoptosis of the acinar and ductal cells. Both fluoxetine and Pump significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) BDNF expression in the salivary glands and ameliorated the CUMS-induced histopathological alterations in the salivary glands. Pumpkin significantly (p<0.001) increased the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX and CAT and reduced the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6.ConclusionPumpkin ameliorates chronic stress-induced depression in rats by exerting a promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant-like effects in rats exposed to CUMS. Pump subsequently improved stress-induced structural changes in the salivary glands that might be due to the glands up-regulation of BDNF expression.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Chronic Administration of Infliximab (TNF-α Inhibitor) Decreases Depression and Anxiety-like Behaviour in Rat Model of Chronic Mild Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Karson ◽  
Tuğçe Demirtaş ◽  
Dilek Bayramgürler ◽  
Fuat Balcı ◽  
Tijen Utkan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Tnf Α

Pumpkin seed oil and zinc attenuate chronic mild stress perturbations in the cerebral cortex of rats

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa H. El-Azma ◽  
Nadia M. El-Beih ◽  
Karima A. El-Shamy ◽  
Khaled M.M. Koriem ◽  
Mahitab I. Elkassaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil ◽  
Cage Test

Purpose This study aims to investigate the potential of pumpkin seed oil (PSO) and zinc to attenuate oxidative stress and neuroinflammation caused by chronic mild stress (CMS) in the cerebral cortex of male rats. Design/methodology/approach The rats were submitted to stress for six weeks and then the behavior of the rats was tested by forced swimming test (FST) and novel cage test. The treated groups were given venlafaxine (20 mg/kg), pumpkin seed oil (40 mg/kg) and zinc (4 mg/kg). The cortex homogenate was used for the detection of the oxidative stress parameters, the concentration of neurotransmitters, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and the expression of histamine N-methyltransferase (Hnmt) and tyrosine hydroxylase (Th). Findings CMS causes a significant increase in immobility time in the FST and a significant decrease in the number of rearing in the novel cage test. CMS group showed a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, levels of cortisol, TNF-α, IL-1β, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde. CMS caused a significant decrease in the concentrations of serotonin, GABA, norepinephrine, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and Na+/K+-ATPase. CMS caused a marked reduction in the expression of Hnmt and Th in the cortex. PSO and zinc attenuated the Na+/K+-ATPase activity, oxidative parameters and neuroinflammation induced by the CMS, and this was reflected by the elevation of the concentration of neurotransmitters and reduction of cortisol and ALT, in addition to the behavior normalization. PSO and zinc attenuated the CMS by improving the antioxidant milieu and anti-inflammatory status of the cerebral cortex. Originality/value There are no studies on the effect of pumpkin seed oil on depression

scholarly journals Pain sensitivity increases with sleep disturbance under predictable chronic mild stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhel Dalanon ◽  
Sachiko Chikahisa ◽  
Tetsuya Shiuchi ◽  
Noriyuki Shimizu ◽  
Parimal Chavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Thermal Hyperalgesia ◽  
Chronic Mild Stress ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Impaired Sleep ◽  
Thermal Stimuli

AbstractEven though it has been well documented that stress can lead to the development of sleep disorders and the intensification of pain, their relationships have not been fully understood. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of predictable chronic mild stress (PCMS) on sleep–wake states and pain threshold, using the PCMS rearing conditions of mesh wire (MW) and water (W) for 21 days. Exposure to PCMS decreased the amount of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep during the dark phase. Moreover, the chronicity of PCMS decreased slow-wave activity (SWA) during NREM sleep in the MW and W groups in both the light and dark phases. Mechanical and aversively hot thermal hyperalgesia were more intensified in the PCMS groups than the control. Higher plasma corticosterone levels were seen in mice subjected to PCMS, whereas TNF-α expression was found higher in the hypothalamus in the W and the trigeminal ganglion in the MW group. The W group had higher expression levels of IL-6 in the thalamus as well. The PCMS paradigm decreased SWA and may have intensified mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. The current study also suggests that rearing under PCMS may cause impaired sleep quality and heightened pain sensation to painful mechanical and aversively hot thermal stimuli.

Genetic Variation in TNF-α, its Relation with Inflammatory Biomarkers and Susceptibility to Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadiga Ahmed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mutation System ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Factor Α

Background: Tumor necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) is encoded and controlled by TNF-α gene, which is involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. This research aimed to identify genetic variations of TNF-α (G308A) and to establish its association with inflammatory markers in Rheumatoid Arthritis predisposition. Methods: In the present study, fifty RA patients and fifty volunteers were involved and evaluated for the C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, and TNF-α were estimated by ELISA, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) by Wintergreen method and for TNF-α-308 G>A polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction with amplification refractory mutation system (PCR-ARMS). Results: The CRP, RF, ESR and TNF-α were significantly elevated in RA patients relative to controls. The serum level TNF-α was also significantly elevated in female patients and in patients ≥50 years. Analysis of TNF-308 gene polymorphism revealed that GG genotypes were more prevalent in RA patients than in the healthy individuals and that GG genotype may be a potential factor to RA. The G allele was more common in RA than in the control. Elevated TNF-α serum levels were significantly associated the GG genotype and functional disability in RA patients. Conclusion: TNF-α promoter 308polymorphism GG genotype may be considered as a risk factor for RA and the TNF-α serum level was significantly related to the functional disability in the disease.

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