scholarly journals Biocementation mediated by native microbes from Brahmaputra riverbank for mitigation of soil erodibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Aishwarya Dubey ◽  
K. Ravi ◽  
Abhijit Mukherjee ◽  
Lingaraj Sahoo ◽  
Moses Akindele Abiala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Needle Penetration ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Enriched Cultures ◽  
Needle Penetration Index

AbstractRiverbank erosion is a global problem with significant socio-economic impacts. Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has recently emerged as a promising technology for improving the mechanical properties of soils. The present study investigates the potential of selectively enriched native calcifying bacterial community and its supplementation into the riverbank soil of the Brahmaputra river for reducing the erodibility of the soil. The ureolytic and calcium carbonate cementation abilities of the enriched cultures were investigated with reference to the standard calcifying culture of Sporosarcina pasteurii (ATCC 11859). 16S rRNA analysis revealed Firmicutes to be the most predominant calcifying class with Sporosarcina pasteurii and Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis as the prevalent strains. The morphological and mineralogical characterization of carbonate crystals confirmed the calcite precipitation potential of these communities. The erodibility of soil treated with native calcifying communities was examined via needle penetration and lab-scale hydraulic flume test. We found a substantial reduction in soil erosion in the biocemented sample with a calcite content of 7.3% and needle penetration index of 16 N/mm. We report the cementation potential of biostimulated ureolytic cultures for minimum intervention to riparian biodiversity for an environmentally conscious alternative to current erosion mitigation practices.

scholarly journals Biocementation Mediated By Stimulated Ureolytic Microbes From Brahmaputra Riverbank For Mitigation of Soil Erosion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Aishwarya Dubey ◽  
K Ravi ◽  
Abhijit Mukherjee ◽  
Lingaraj Sahoo ◽  
Abiala Moses Akindele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Needle Penetration ◽  
Erosion Mitigation ◽  
Enriched Cultures ◽  
Needle Penetration Index

Abstract Riverbank erosion is a global problem with significant socio-economic impacts. Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) has recently emerged as a promising technology for improving the mechanical properties of soils. The presented study investigates the potential of native calcifying bacterial communities of the Brahmaputra riverbank for the first time via biostimulation and explores its effect on the mitigation of soil erosion. The ureolytic and calcium carbonate cementation ability of the enriched cultures were investigated with reference to the standard calcifying culture of Sporosarcina pasteurii (ATCC 11859). 16S rRNA analysis revealed Firmicutes to be the most predominant calcifying class with Sporosarcina pasteurii and Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis as the prevalent strains. The morphological and mineralogical characterization of carbonate crystals confirmed the calcite precipitation potential of these communities. The erosion resistance of soil treated with native calcifying communities was examined via needle penetration and lab-scale flume erosion test. We found a substantial reduction in soil erosion in the biocemented sample with calcite content of 7.3% and needle penetration index of 16 N/mm. We report cementation potential of biostimulated ureolytic cultures for a cost-competitive and environmentally-conscious alternative to current erosion mitigation practices.

scholarly journals Surface consolidation of natural stone materials using microbial induced calcite precipitation

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Richardson ◽  
Kathryn A. Coventry ◽  
Alan M. Forster ◽  
Chris Jamison
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Natural Stone ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Mass Increase

Purpose – Deterioration in natural stone is associated with many decay mechanisms and often the inherent composition of the materials themselves. Sandstone varies considerably but they all require a cementing matrix to bind amongst others, the silica (SiO2) particles together (Reading, 1989). In calcareous sandstones and limestones this binding matrix is principally calcium carbonate based (Muir, 2006; Reading, 1989; McMillan et al., 1999) in the form of calcite (CaCO3). Friable sandstone substrates and stones suffering from “surface dissolution” or disaggregation (Muir, 2006; Smith et al., 1992) have been traditionally consolidated utilising a host of chemical compounds that had, in many cases negative effects on their long-term performance (Muir, 2006). A principle issue amongst many was moisture entrapment and irreversibility of the consolidants adopted. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper investigates the effect of microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) as a natural treatment for the conservation of historic natural stone substrates. Sporosarcina pasteurii has been proven as a bacterium that can perform MICP effectively in extreme conditions making it the preferred bacterium for the MICP process within this study. Surface treatment experiments were analysed by measuring the mass increase and surface changes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Findings – The surface treatments showed a noticeable mass increase and observable deposition when viewed using a SEM microscope. Bio cementation of loose sand particles was observed and the degree of cementation was determined using a Moh's hardness test. Research limitations/implications – Recommendations for further work to improve this study are: use an increased Sporosarcina pasteurii cell optical density which would provide a greater calcite output. Carry out a paired comparison initial surface absorption test (BS 1881: Part 208, 1996 or ASTM C 1585-04, 2004). To be carried out on untreated control and MICP samples which would determine the pore blocking effect and surface repair capability of the treated samples. Practical implications – A method for obtaining optimal results in terms of surface treatment would involve reducing the time between mixing and application, this would require having the two reaction constituents mixed only seconds before use. Using a late mix spray application system has the potential to allow the two mixtures to combine in the spray nozzle whilst exiting the apparatus. Originality/value – This paper investigates a safe, natural process for stone repair.

scholarly journals Microbiologically Induced Calcite Precipitation Mediated by Sporosarcina pasteurii

10.3791/53253 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swayamdipta Bhaduri ◽  
Nandini Debnath ◽  
Sushanta Mitra ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Aloke Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii

scholarly journals Effect of Sporosarcina Pasteurii on the strength properties of compressed earth specimens

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (329) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bernat-Maso ◽  
L. Gil ◽  
C. Escrig ◽  
J. Barbé ◽  
P. Cortés
Keyword(s):  
Friction Angle ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Direct Shear Tests ◽  
Apparent Cohesion ◽  
Dilatancy Effect ◽  
Compaction Force ◽  
High Humidity Environment

Microbial biodeposition of calcite induction for improving the performance of rammed earth is a research area that must be analysed in a representative environment. This analysis must consider the compaction force, particle size distribution and curing process as production variables. This paper investigates the effects of adding specific bacteria, Sporosarcina Pasteurii, into compressed earth cubes and the effect of production variables. Uniaxial compressive tests and direct shear tests have been conducted for 80 specimens. The results indicate that calcite precipitation interacts with the drying process of clay/silt resulting in reducing the compressive strength, the apparent cohesion and the friction angle. Finally, bacterial activity, which is more likely in samples cured in a high humidity environment, tends to reduce the dilatancy effect.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature, pH, and Reaction Duration on Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjo Kim ◽  
Janghwan Kim ◽  
Heejung Youn
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Sporosarcina Pasteurii ◽  
Reaction Duration ◽  
Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Microbial Species ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus

In this study, the amount of calcite precipitate resulting from microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) was estimated in order to determine the optimal conditions for precipitation. Two microbial species (Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Sporosarcina pasteurii) were tested by varying certain parameters such as (1) initial potential of hydrogen (pH) of urea-CaCl2 medium, (2) temperature during precipitation, and (3) the reaction duration. The pH values used for testing were 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the temperatures were 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, and the reaction durations were 2, 3, and 4 days. Maximum calcite precipitation was observed at a pH of 7 and temperature of 30 °C. Most of the precipitation occurred within a reaction duration of 3 days. Under similar conditions, the amount of calcite precipitated by S. saprophyticus was estimated to be five times more than that by S. pasteurii. Both the species were sensitive to temperature; however, S. saprophyticus was less sensitive to pH and required a shorter reaction duration than S. pasteurii.

scholarly journals The effect of clay content on the relation between uniaxial compressive strength and needle penetration index for clay-bearing rocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sair Kahraman ◽  
A. Sercan Aloglu ◽  
Egemen Saygin ◽  
Bilal Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Uniaxial Compressive Strength ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Penetration Index ◽  
Needle Penetration ◽  
Needle Penetration Index

AbstractThe needle penetration index (NPI) test is a non-destructive test that is applicable both in the field and laboratory, and does not require any special sample preparation. This test has been used for the estimation of physico-mechanical properties of soft rocks. In this study, the influence of the clay content on the relation between uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and the NPI has been investigated for some clay-bearing rocks. The needle penetration tests were carried out at nine different gallery faces during the Cayirhan Coal Mine excavations, and the NPI values were calculated. Claystone, clayey limestone and clay blocks were collected from the locations on which the NPI tests were performed for the determination of rock strength and clay contents. The clay contents and clay fractions of the samples were determined using XRD analysis. A strong correlation has been found between the UCS and the NPI, but some of the data points were scattered. Strong correlations were also found between the NPI and both the total clay content and the smectite content. The UCS values were also strongly correlated to the total clay content and the smectite content. A multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the influence of clay content on the UCS-NPI relation and a very strong model was derived. The correlation coefficient of the multiple regression model is fairly higher than that of the UCS-NPI relation derived by using simple regression analysis. Concluding remark is that the clay content significantly affects the UCS-NPI relation in clay-bearing rocks.

Effect of bio-cementation on geophysical and cone penetration measurements in sands

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1632-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Gomez ◽  
Jason T. DeJong ◽  
Collin M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Granular Soils ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Empirical Parameter ◽  
Improvement Method ◽  
Limited Sensitivity

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a potentially environmentally conscious ground improvement method that can improve the engineering properties of granular soils through the precipitation of calcite. In this study, an experiment involving two 1.7 m diameter tank specimens was completed to investigate the effect of bio-cementation on cone penetrometer and geophysical measurements in sands. Following nonuniform bio-cementation treatments, specimens achieved calcite contents ranging from 0.5% to 5.3% by mass, shear wave velocity (Vs) values between 131 and 967 m/s, and mid-depth cone penetration resistances (qc) ranging between 3.6 and 32.1 MPa. At calcite contents exceeding 5.0%, qcand Vsimprovements were as high as 527% and 686%, respectively. Although cone penetration resistance, sleeve friction, and friction ratio measurements exhibited limited sensitivity to bio-cementation at calcite contents of less than 3.0%, Vsmeasurements successfully detected bio-cementation at calcite contents near 1.0%. When qcand Vsmeasurements were compared at similar locations, increases in an empirical parameter (KG) enabled improved detection of bio-cementation at calcite contents near 0.5%. Large increases in normalized tip resistances (Qtn) and small decreases in normalized friction ratios (Fr) with increasing bio-cementation resulted in cemented materials plotting near and within the gravelly sand and sand-like dilative soil behavioral type regions using two soil behavior type (SBT) charts.

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