scholarly journals Climate variables effect on fruiting pattern of Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × C. deliciosa Tenora) grown at different agro-climatic regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rab Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Azam Khan ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz ◽  
Muhammad Faisal Khan ◽  
Azeem Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Fruit Grading ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Late Start ◽  
Kinnow Mandarin ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractKinnow orchards grown in different agro-ecological regions of Punjab, Pakistan, namely Sargodha, Toba Tek Singh (TTS) and Vehari districts, were selected to assess the effect of climate variables on fruit-bearing patterns. Experiment was laid out in RCBD while selecting identical features Kinnow plants and labeled twigs at analogous canopy positions in all three sites. Temperature was reported higher in TTS and Vehari areas, while relative humidity in Sargodha accounted for different levels of agrometeorological indices by computing more variations in warm districts. Climate variables influenced fruit-bearing habits and vegetative growth trend in all three flushes while recording heavy fruit-bearing plants during on-year and light fruit-bearing in off-year at Vehari. Similarly, three vegetative flushes were recorded unevenly in all three sites due to different fruit-bearing patterns induced by climate variables. Harvesting pattern of orchards began earlier in Sargodha, where maximum orchards were harvested before new flowering to add evenness to fruiting habits during on & off-years. In warm conditions, fruit ripening arrived in the peak of winter and mostly domestic market-driven harvesting resulted in late start of fruit picking with more erratic fruit-bearing habits. Both physiological and pathological fruit drops have been significantly affected by climate variables with a higher degree of physiological drop in warm regions and pathological effects in the humid conditions of Sargodha on heavy fruit-bearing plants. Fruit yield and grading quality were also affected in both seasons by showing more asymmetrical trend in yield and fruit grading in warm areas of TTS and Vehari due to an irregular fruiting pattern compared to Sargodha. From now on, the climate variables of the three sites directly influenced the fruiting patterns, vegetative flushes, fruit drops, yields and grades of Kinnow mandarin.

The effect of post-harvest storage on the weight of Golden Delicious apples

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Salma Kassebi ◽  
Péter Korzenszky
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Ambient Storage ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Careful Management

Apples, like other fruits, are exposed to stress during their growth and development in the field, also during harvest and the postharvest environment (processing, storage, and transportation). The refrigeration system allows for bulk handling of food products from harvest to market, ensuring that food products are maintained in their freshness and integrity for an extended period through careful management of storage temperature and humidity. This study investigated the effects of storage on the weight loss of apples (Golden Delicious fruits harvested at maturity), under refrigerated conditions at a temperature of 5±0.5°C and relative humidity of 82% and under ambient storage at a temperature of 25 ±0.5 °C and relative humidity of 60 %, over 3 months. The findings revealed that the two groups of apples experienced weight reduction at different levels. Apples placed at cold storage presented a loss of weight between 3.31g and 4.49g; however, apples stored at ambient temperature showed a significant loss of weight between 21.9g and 31.76g.

scholarly journals Investigation of monthly variations in the efficiencies of photovoltaics due to sunrise and sunset times

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Armstrong O. Njok ◽  
Julie C. Ogbulezie ◽  
Manoj Kumar Panjwani ◽  
Raja Masood Larik
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Monthly Variations ◽  
Different Levels

<p>The effect of time of day and month on the efficient conversion of solar energy to electrical energy using a polycrystalline (PV) module in calabar was studied. A KT-908 precision digital hygrometer and thermometer, and a M890C+ digital multimeter were used in the process. Results obtained shows that photovoltaic produce different levels of peak efficiencies at different times of the day for different months due to the difference in sunrise and sunset times for the months. The results also indicated that photovoltaics will be more efficient in months with low average relative humidity couple with low panel temperature. A peak efficiency of 77% at 12:30 in the month of April was observed before dropping to 73% at 12:00 in the month of May, indicating that there might be further drop in efficiency as we proceed further into the year. Results also show that photovoltaics are more efficient before noon in the month of May than in April while the reverse will be observed in the afternoon. </p>

scholarly journals Modeling Seasonal Influenza Transmission and Its Association with Climate Factors in Thailand Using Time-Series and ARIMAX Analyses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarat Chadsuthi ◽  
Sopon Iamsirithaworn ◽  
Wannapong Triampo ◽  
Charin Modchang
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Minimum Relative Humidity ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Influenza Transmission

Influenza is a worldwide respiratory infectious disease that easily spreads from one person to another. Previous research has found that the influenza transmission process is often associated with climate variables. In this study, we used autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation plots to determine the appropriate autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for influenza transmission in the central and southern regions of Thailand. The relationships between reported influenza cases and the climate data, such as the amount of rainfall, average temperature, average maximum relative humidity, average minimum relative humidity, and average relative humidity, were evaluated using cross-correlation function. Based on the available data of suspected influenza cases and climate variables, the most appropriate ARIMA(X) model for each region was obtained. We found that the average temperature correlated with influenza cases in both central and southern regions, but average minimum relative humidity played an important role only in the southern region. The ARIMAX model that includes the average temperature with a 4-month lag and the minimum relative humidity with a 2-month lag is the appropriate model for the central region, whereas including the minimum relative humidity with a 4-month lag results in the best model for the southern region.

scholarly journals Screening Methods and Further Sources of Resistance to Peanut Rust1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Subrahmanyam ◽  
R. W. Gibbons ◽  
S. N. Nigam ◽  
V. R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract A germplasm collection of 6000 peanut entries was screened for resistance to rust at ICRISAT, India. Preliminary field screening was done during the 1977 rainy season when a natural epidemic of rust was in progress. The cultivars or lines which were rated between 2 and 5 on a 9-point scale during this screening were further tested during the 1977/78 dry season employing an infector row system of susceptible cultivars and spreader plants systematically interplanted with the test material. High relative humidity was maintained in the field by operating an overhead sprinkler irrigation system. Percentage leaf area damaged on the test material was estimated at 10 day intervals from approximately 90 days after their emergence until harvest. Each entry was also assessed on a scale proposed by Mazzani and Hinojosa. Two land races, NC.Ac. 17090 and EC. 76446 (292) were more resistant than either PI. 259747 or PI. 298115 which were reported resistant by other workers. In addition, NCAc. 17030, NCAc. 17132, NC.Ac. 17129, NC. Ac. 17135 and NC.Ac. 17124 were moderately resistant. Four cultivars or lines with different levels of resistance in the field were tested in the greenhouse at three different stages in development. The results indicated that resistance increased as the plants aged.

scholarly journals Using ERA-Interim Reanalysis output for creating datasets of energy-relevant climate variables

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Jones ◽  
Colin Harpham ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Benoit Gschwind ◽  
Thierry Ranchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Bias Adjustment ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Data Store

Abstract. The construction of a bias-adjusted dataset of climate variables at the near surface using ERA-Interim Reanalysis is presented. A number of different bias-adjustment approaches have been proposed. Here we modify the parameters of different distributions (depending on the variable), adjusting those calculated from ERA-Interim to those based on gridded station or direct station observations. The variables are air temperature, dewpoint temperature, precipitation (daily only), solar radiation, wind speed and relative humidity, available at either 3 or 6 h timescales over the period 1979-2014. This dataset is available to anyone through the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Data Store (C3S), and can be accessed at present from (ftp://ecem.climate.copernicus.eu). The benefit of performing bias-adjustment is demonstrated by comparing initial and bias-adjusted ERA-Interim data against observations.

scholarly journals Using ERA-Interim reanalysis for creating datasets of energy-relevant climate variables

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Jones ◽  
Colin Harpham ◽  
Alberto Troccoli ◽  
Benoit Gschwind ◽  
Thierry Ranchin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Bias Adjustment ◽  
Dewpoint Temperature ◽  
Data Store

Abstract. The construction of a bias-adjusted dataset of climate variables at the near surface using ERA-Interim reanalysis is presented. A number of different, variable-dependent, bias-adjustment approaches have been proposed. Here we modify the parameters of different distributions (depending on the variable), adjusting ERA-Interim based on gridded station or direct station observations. The variables are air temperature, dewpoint temperature, precipitation (daily only), solar radiation, wind speed, and relative humidity. These are available on either 3 or 6 h timescales over the period 1979–2016. The resulting bias-adjusted dataset is available through the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Data Store (C3S) and can be accessed at present from ftp://ecem.climate.copernicus.eu. The benefit of performing bias adjustment is demonstrated by comparing initial and bias-adjusted ERA-Interim data against gridded observational fields.

scholarly journals Análisis del índice de impacto térmico generado en un ambiente subterráneo

Respuestas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Yesid Castro-Duque ◽  
Jesús Ramón Delgado-Rodríguez ◽  
Jhon Jairo Cáceres-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Influential Variable ◽  
Thermal Risk ◽  
Reduced Temperature

 Objetivo: En este artículo se realiza el cálculo y análisis del índice por riesgo térmico, y el concepto del Índice Sintetizado de la Temperatura (SRT), que equivale a un promedio del índice de estrés térmico (WBGT), calculado en diferentes frentes de trabajo de una mina subterránea de carbón. Métodos: Los datos de campo incluyeron medidas de variables climatológicas como la Temperatura Seca (TS) y la Humedad Relativa (HR), y el tiempo de exposición de los trabajadores a dichas condiciones; estas medidas fueron tomadas en la Mina de carbón San José. Resultados: se evidenció que aunque el promedio SRT de la mina clasifica el ambiente como cálido moderado aceptable, existen frentes donde el índice de calor que experimentan los trabajadores es alto y riesgoso. Conclusiones: Se logra concluir que la humedad relativa es la variable que más influye en el calentamiento de los ambientes subterráneos de las minas de la región; de igual forma, se concluye que no es suficiente con determinar el WBGT, sino que se hace necesario establecer la sensación térmica que padecen los trabajadores, a partir del cálculo del índice de calor.Palabras Clave: Calidad ambiental subterránea, confort, estrés térmico, sensación térmica, impacto térmico. Abstract  Objective: in this article the calculation and analysis is performed, of thermal risk index and the concept of the Synthesis-Reduced Temperature (SRT), by calculating heat stress (WBGT) in the atmosphere of an underground coalmine. Methods: Field data included measures of climate variables such as Dry Temperature (DT) and the Relative Humidity (RH), and the time of exposure of workers to such conditions; these measures were taken in the Coalmine San Jose. Result: Became apparent that although the average (SRT) of the mine environment be classified as moderately warm acceptable, there fronts where the heat index experienced workers is high and risky. Conclusions: It is concluded that the relative humidity is the most influential variable in warm environments of underground mines in the region; similarly, it is concluded that it is not enough determine the WBGT, it is necessary to establish the thermal sensation experienced by workers, from the calculation of the heat index.Keywords: Environmental quality underground, comfort, thermal stress, thermal sensation, Thermal Impact.

scholarly journals Sitio Web y aplicación móvil para el control de datos climatológicos a tráves de sensores en un prototipo de estación agrometeorológica

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Andrés De León-Castrejón ◽  
José Uriel Melquiades-Jiménez ◽  
David Heriberto Noriega-Cantú
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The North ◽  
Technological Field ◽  
Technological University ◽  
Determining Factor

The National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Iguala Experimental Field and the Technological University of the North Region of Guerrero, are joining their knowledge in the scientific and technological field with the purpose of developing collaborative projects. In the State of Guerrero, there is a lack of accurate and timely agroclimatic information that serves as a determining factor in decision-making in productive processes. The purpose of this study is to develop a website and a mobile application, where the information issued by the prototype of agrometeorological station can be accessed. The data will be entered into a database on the website and will be stored every 10, 15 or 30 minutes of the climate variables, such as: temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, solar radiation, leaf moisture, speed and direction of the wind. The mobile application will allow to consult historical and real-time weather data. This will result in better control of environmental information so that producers in the cultivation of corn, fruit and vegetables can prevent and avoid pests and diseases of their crops.

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