scholarly journals Sulphate-reducing bacterial community structure from produced water of the Periquito and Galo de Campina onshore oilfields in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samyra Raquel Gonçalves Tiburcio ◽  
Andrew Macrae ◽  
Raquel Silva Peixoto ◽  
Caio Tavora Coelho da Costa Rachid ◽  
Felipe Raposo Passos Mansoldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
16S Rdna Pcr ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

AbstractSulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) cause fouling, souring, corrosion and produce H2S during oil and gas production. Produced water obtained from Periquito (PQO) and Galo de Campina (GC) onshore oilfields in Brazil was investigated for SRB. Produced water with Postgate B, Postgate C and Baars media was incubated anaerobically for 20 days. DNA was extracted, 16S rDNA PCR amplified and fragments were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq. 4.2 million sequence reads were analysed and deposited at NCBI SAR accession number SRP149784. No significant differences in microbial community composition could be attributed to the different media but significant differences in the SRB were observed between the two oil fields. The dominant bacterial orders detected from both oilfields were Desulfovibrionales, Pseudomonadales and Enterobacteriales. The genus Pseudomonas was found predominantly in the GC oilfield and Pleomorphominas and Shewanella were features of the PQO oilfield. 11% and 7.6% of the sequences at GC and PQO were not classified at the genus level but could be partially identified at the order level. Relative abundances changed for Desulfovibrio from 29.8% at PQO to 16.1% at GC. Clostridium varied from 2.8% at PQO and 2.4% at GC. These data provide the first description of SRB from onshore produced water in Brazil and reinforce the importance of Desulfovibrionales, Pseudomonadales, and Enterobacteriales in produced water globally. Identifying potentially harmful microbes is an important first step in developing microbial solutions that prevent their proliferation.

scholarly journals A REVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
B.M. Das ◽  
D. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Exploration Drilling

Nanotechnology encompasses the science and technology of objects with sizes ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm. Today, exploration and production from conventional oil and gas wells have reached a stage of depletion. Newer technologies have been developed to address this problem. Maximum oil production at a minimum cost is currently a huge challenge. This paper reviews nanotechnology applications in the oil and gas production sector, including in the fields of exploration, drilling, production, and waste management in oil fields, as well as their environmental concerns. The paper reviews experimental observations carried out by various researchers in these fields. The effect of various nanoparticles, such as titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide, and carbon nanotubes in drilling fluids and silica nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery, has been observed and studied. This paper gives a detailed review of the benefits of nanotechnology in oil exploration and production. The fusion of nanotechnology and petroleum technology can result in great benefits. The physics and chemistry of nanoparticles and nanostructures are very new to petroleum technology. Due to the greater risk associated with adapting new technology, nanotechnology has been slow to gain widespread acceptance in the oil and gas industries. However, the current economic conditions have become a driving force for newer technologies.

Integrated Approach to Produced Water Disposal Management in a Brown Field: Safeguarding Production, Reducing Cost, Managing Deferment & Reducing HSSE Exposure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Ogbunude ◽  
Aniekan Obot ◽  
Abdul-Wahab Sa'ad ◽  
Sunday Maxwell-Amgbaduba ◽  
Etta Agbor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Endurance Time ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Liquid Line ◽  
Positive Cash Flow

Abstract Often, the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs is accompanied by produced water which generally increases with time for a matured field, attributable to natural water encroachment, bottom water ingress, coning effect due to higher production rates, channeling effects, etc. This trend poses a production challenge with respect to increased OPEX cost and environmental considerations of treatment/handling and disposal of the produced water considering the late life performance characterized by low reward margins. Hence, produced water management solutions that reduce OPEX cost is key to extending the field life whilst ensuring a positive cash flow for the asset. SK field is located in the Swamp Area of the Niger Delta, with a capacity of 1.1Bcf gas plant supplying gas to a nearby LNG plant. Oil and gas production from the field is evacuated via the liquid and gas trunk lines respectively. Due to the incessant tampering with oil delivery lines and environmental impact of spillage, the condensate is spiked through the gas trunk line to the LNG plant. Largely, the water/effluent contained in the tank is evacuated through the liquid line. Based on the availability of the liquid line (ca. 40%-60%), the produced water is a constraint to gas production with estimated tank endurance time (ca. 8 days at 500MMscfd). This leads to creaming of gas production and indeed gas deferments due to produced water management, making it difficult to meet the contractual supply obligation to the LNG plant. An interim solution adopted was to barge the produced water to the oil and gas export terminal, with an associated OPEX cost of ca. US$2Mln/month. Upon further review of an alternate barging option, this option was considered too expensive, inefficient and unsustainable with inherent HSSE exposure. Therefore, a produced water re-injection project was scoped and executed as a viable alternative to produced water management. This option was supported by the Regulators as a preferred option for produced water management for the industry.

Control of produced water with highly corrosive medium in oil-gas production

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
F.G. Hasanov ◽  
◽  
S.B. Bayramov ◽  
R.M. Hasanzade ◽  
A.B. Garayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosive Medium ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Electrochemical Protection ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Initial Separation ◽  
Oil Water

The construction of middle oil-gathering facility, in which technological processes are managed in a closed medium is necessary for environmental protection to control highly corrosive medium in oil and gas production. Associated gas separated from the fluid in initial separation unit within middle oil-gathering facility enters gas-gathering point with low pressure, and the liquid - into the pig of oil, water and sand, which should be constructed from iron concrete for cleaning from mechanical impurities sediments and salt as well. The liquid charge from the separation unit and pig of oil, water and sand is based upon the law of communicating vessels. To supply long-life for reservoirs, the inner and outer walls should be covered with a special coating and additionally, electrochemical protection should be provided as well.

scholarly journals Investigation of Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Inhibitors for Steel for Use in Oil and Gas Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
L. A. Magadova ◽  
◽  
K. A. Poteshkina ◽  
V. D. Vlasova ◽  
M. S. Pilipenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Industrial Samples

The effect of carbon dioxide corrosion on the pipeline transport system and its protection methods are considered in this article. The corrosion inhibitors represented by imidazoline-based compositions and industrial samples of corrosion inhibitors are used as protective reagents, and the model of produced water saturated with carbon dioxide is used as an aggressive environment. The protective properties of inhibitors and the corrosion rate were evaluated by gravimetric analysis. The paper presents the results of the study of industrial samples and inhibitory compositions developed on the basis of the REC “Promyslovaya himiya”. According to the results of the work, a positive effect of additives of nonionic surfactants on the protective properties of inhibitors was noted.

Comments: Water Pressures

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (07) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Pam Boschee
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Us ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Water Cut

Drought conditions rated as “moderate or worse” affected 31 US states as of 8 June, as reported by the US National Integrated Drought Information System. Particularly dry are the West and Upper Midwest regions, relevant to the Permian and Bakken, respectively. While not a record-level drought, attention is turning to the Missouri River in North Dakota where streamflow levels are at low levels for this time of year—about 48% below the seasonal average. About 96% of the water in North Dakota’s rivers and streams flows through it, making it one of the main sources of fresh water for oil and gas production in the Bakken. In the extreme drought, water restrictions could come into play. Throughout the industry, recycling and reuse of frac and produced water have been studied, and where the chemical makeup of the frac or produced water is suitable for optimal and economical treatment, it has been implemented. However, Bakken production is typically associated with 1.0 to 1.5 bbl of produced water per barrel of oil (a water cut of approximately 50%). It is highly saline with total dissolved solids (TDS) ranging up to 350,000 mg/L (seawater is about 35,000, or 10 times less salty than Bakken brine). Treatment options for such high TDS levels are limited and often cost-prohibitive. The Bakken’s produced water volumes increased fourfold since 2008 to about 740 million bbl per year due to increasing volumes per well and increasing water cut. Produced water disposal volumes in the same period increased fivefold to about 680 million bbl per year. More than 95% of saltwater disposal (SWD) targets the Inyan Kara Formation, the lowermost sandstone interval of the Dakota Group. The increase in SWD volumes has resulted in localized areas of high pressure in the formation in geographic regions associated with high levels of oil and gas activity. This increased pressure affects the economics and risk associated with the drilling of new wells that now require additional intermediate casing strings (“Dakota Strings”), adding a cost of $300,000 to $700,000 per well. About 200 wells to date have been identified with additional casing strings, according to the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC). Faced with the challenges of high salinity in recycling/reuse of produced water, constraints on SWD injection, freshwater limitations, pressure regulation, and inflated drilling costs, a 2-year project was begun in January 2020 which may hold promise for greater use of the produced water. Participants in the $1.3-million project are EERC, Nuverra Environmental Solutions, and the US Department of Energy.

RADIOECOLOGICAL IMPACT AND THE ASSOCIATED HAZARDS DUE TO NORM FROM OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION FACILITY IN THE WESTERN DESERT OF EGYPT

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Yasser Y Ebaid ◽  
Yasser Hassan ◽  
Wael M Elshemey
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Radium Isotopes ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Doses

Abstract An oil and gas production facility in the western desert of Egypt was investigated for possible radiation risks due to the routine operation. Radium-226, Radium-228 and Potassium-40 were assessed in the soil samples collected from the adjacent soakaway pond. The average 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K activity concentrations were 881.0 ± 42.0, 966.0 ± 43.0 and 143.0 ± 8.0 Bq kg−1, respectively. Both 226Ra and 228Ra were above the world ranges, while 40K was within the world range. Water samples from the facilities effluent’s produced water showed elevated levels of both radium isotopes. The effective doses at three different points on the separator outer surfaces over the period between 1995 and 2014 were assessed. The maximum reading was 5.4 μSv h−1 on 2014. The time has significantly contributed to the enhancement of the effective dose readings. However, they are still within the expected range encountered in similar studies reported by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

The Composition of Produced Water from Shell Operated Oil and Gas Production in the North Sea

1992 ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. W. M. Jacobs ◽  
R. O. H. Grant ◽  
J. Kwant ◽  
J. M. Marquenie ◽  
E. Mentzer
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea
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