APPLICATION OF HYPERVALENT IODINE COMPOUNDS IN ADVANCED GREEN TECHNOLOGIES (IN PRESS)

This review summarizes industrial applications of inorganic and organic polyvalent (hypervalent) iodine compounds. Inorganic iodate salts have found some application as a dietary supplements and food additives. Iodine pentafluoride is used as industrial fluorinating reagent, and iodine pentoxide is a powerful and selective oxidant that is particularly useful in analytical chemistry. Common organic hypervalent iodine reagents such as (dichloroiodo)benzene and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene are occasionally used in chemical industry as the reagents for production of important pharmaceutical intermediates. Iodonium salts have found industrial application as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerizations. Various iodonium compounds are widely used as precursors to [18F]-fluorinated radiotracers in the Positron Emission Tomography (PET).

BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND SCIENTIFIC VALIDATION STUDIES OF AN HERBAL NUTRACEUTICAL (IN PRESS)

The search for pioneering nutraceuticals from plants is genuine and crucial. Based on the literature review as per Ayurvedic texts, four common plants Capparis spinosa L. (flower buds), Caesalpinia bonducella L.(seeds), Luffa acutangula L.(fruits) and Cassia occidentalis L. (aerial parts) were selected to develop nutraceuticals and were standardized. Based on the nutraceutical and pharmacological efficacies of the individual plant drugs selected, three different herbal nutraceutical formulations were prepared. Nutraceuticals before and after lyophilization were subjected to standardization studies. Nutraceutical formulation 3 developed was found to be best due to its high nutraceutical values when compared to others. Results depicted that up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg.bw (acute oral toxicity), 1000 mg/kg.bw (sub-acute oral toxicity), it doesn’t produced any lethality in the experimental animals. To conclude that the selected herbal formulation developed from selected plant ingredients was found to possess distinct nutraceutical values. The present work contributes for the development of human healthcare through nutraceutical product with remarkable medicinal properties in herbal way.

COMPARATIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES STUDIES ON HEAT & UNHEAT TREATED AL7075 ALLOY HYBRID COMPOSITES (IN PRESS)

In the present work, Al7075 based hybrid composites was developed using stir casting technique. Al7075 hybrid composites with different weight percentage of Mica, Graphite and E-glass fiber were developed to study the effect of these reinforcements on microstructure and mechanical properties, E-Glass fiber is kept constant at 0, 2, 4%, Mica is varied from 1-3% in steps of 1 and Graphite varied from 1-5% in steps of 2. It can be seen that the three peaks corresponding to Al were seen at 38º, 46º and 65º 2θ angles and small peaks related to all the three reinforcement mica, graphite and E-glass fiber were observed in the XRD pattern. Grain size analysis was examined using Clemex Image-Analyzer software, it was observed that decrease in grain size of Al7075 matrix was found to decrease with the increase in reinforcements, Hardness was found to increase with increase in reinforcement content whether it could E-glass fiber from 0% - 4% or mica from 1% - 3% or graphite content from 1% - 5%. Ultimate tensile strength increased with the increase in reinforcement content both before and after heat treatment.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALCOHOL-COAL-WATER SLURRIES SPRAYING

The aim of this work is to substantiate the efficiency of ethyl or isoamyl alcohol application as the third component of coal-water fuels based on the results of experimental study of coaxial spraying. Studies of alcohols influence on spraying characteristics of coal-water fuels can rarely be found in the literature. Instantaneous fields of fuel droplets velocities in several cross-sections of the jet were determined using Particle Image Velocimetry method. Interferometric Particle Imaging method was used to determine droplets distribution by size in the jet of sprayed coal-water fuel. It was experimentally established that substitution of water (no more than 3 % by weight) in the composition of coal-water slurry by fairly typical alcohols leads to decrease in droplet velocities of alcohol-coal-water slurries in comparison with conventional coal-water fuel by 15–18 %. Concentration of sufficiently small fuel droplets (up to 200 microns) increases by 13.4±0.2 % and by 6.6±0.2 % during atomization of alcohol-coal-water slurries with addition of ethyl and isoamyl alcohol, respectively. Introduction of no more than 5 % by weight of the studied alcohols into the coal-water slurry will reduce the cost of fuel by 15–73 % in comparison with fuel oil. Influence of small additives of ethyl and isoamyl alcohol in the composition of coal-water fuel on spraying characteristics proves the possibility of efficient application of such three-component slurries in thermal power engineering. The results obtained are of practical significance, since they illustrate the possibility of reducing the ignition delay time for droplets of alcohol-coal-water slurries after they are sprayed in the furnaces of boiler units.

REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF NANOFLUIDS AS PROSPECT THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE MATERIAL FOR CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER APPLICATION

Solar energy intermittency is one of the main challenges encountered by thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power plants due to the low heat transfer rates during charging operations. The critical thermophysical property to be considered for combating this problem is the thermal conductivity. Thus, base fluids with dispersed nanoparticles, better known as nanofluids, have become materials with great potential since they enhance efficiency during charging intervals by increasing the charged material's thermal conductivity by up to 89 %. By gathering and analyzing results from various studies in nanofluids, it was observed that there is a considerable improvement in the thermal storage material compared with the base fluid alone. There is also an increase in the thermal conductivity as nanoparticles are added. Obtaining an increase as great as 99 % allows faster rates of heat transfer. Overall, this may significantly improve the efficiency of thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power plants.

DESIGN AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF 1 MWP GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM AT GAZIANTEP AIRPORT, TURKEY

The use of photovoltaic power plants is gradually increasing in order to reduce energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions at airports. Airports are suitable settlements for the installation of photovoltaic power plants as they have vast and free of shade areas that are not used in aviation activities. In this study, a 1 MWp photovoltaic power plant is proposed for Gaziantep Airport, Turkey. Performance, economic and environmental benefits of the proposed system were analyzed using the PVsyst simulation tool developed by the University of Geneva in Switzerland. The study demonstrates that Gaziantep Airport is suitable to installation of a grid-connected photovoltaic system and has a high solar energy resource. The proposed photovoltaic power plant at Gaziantep Airport is predicted to operate with an annual electricity generation of 1702.09 MWh, 78.6 % annual average performance ratio (PR), 19.43 % average capacity factor (CF) and 4.67 [h/d] annual average daily final yield.

EFFECTIVE APPROACH TO WATER PURIFICATION FROM MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION BASED ON NOVEL SURFACE-MODIFIED ADSORBENTS

In this work, we provide a literature review of water treatment techniques and propose a novel resource-efficient solution for the purification of aqueous media from microbiological contamination. Methods: Combined filter sorbents were developed and studied based on novel modified nanostructured filter materials. Synthetic and natural zeolite were used as the mineral base. The production technique was optimized to coat minerals with aluminum oxyhydroxide by means of a sol–gel process. Additional treatment with fine zinc particles obtained by electrospark dispersion was applied to modify the sorbent surface and obtain the surface charge required. Results: The antibacterial, sorption and physicochemical properties of the samples as well as their surface structures were investigated. According to broad microbiological tests, the possibility of purifying bacterial-contaminated water was demonstrated to an acceptable level by means of adsorption filtration. Conclusion: The proposed novel approach for water treatment against bacterial contamination can be considered an alternative to the currently available water treatment technologies.

THERMAL MANAGEMENT OF SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS: A REVIEW (In the press)

Photovoltaic (PV) technologies represent a key role in the ongoing energy transition towards the decarbonisation of convectional power systems and to reduce the harmful population impact to environment. Nowadays, the majority of market available photovoltaic PV technologies are silicon based with a usual energy conversion efficiency of less than 20%. The major drawbacks of the widely used silicon PV technologies are related to performance degradation due to aging as well as performance drops that occur during periods of elevated operating temperatures. In order to improve performance, as well as the lifetime of the PV systems, various cooling techniques have been investigated in the last two decades. The main goal of the specific cooling approaches for PV panels is to ensure efficient thermal management, as well as economic suitability. In this review paper, different cooling strategies are categorized, discussed and thoroughly elaborated in order to provide deep insight related to an expected performance improvement and economic viability. The main results of this review indicate that the cooling approaches for PVs can ensure a performance improvement ranging from about 3% up to 30%, depending if passive or active cooling approaches are applied. The main results also indicate that the economic viability as well as environmental suitability of the specific cooling approaches is not sufficiently discussed in the existing research literature.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE AND PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED POLYACRYLAMIDE – LOW-SOLID NONDISPERSED DRILLING MUD WITH RESPECT TO PROPER-TY ENHANCEMENT AND SHALE INHIBITION

During drilling, different problems are encountered that can interfere with smooth drilling processes, including the accumulation of cuttings, reduced penetration rates, pipe sticking, loss of wellbore stability, and loss of circulation. These problems are generally encountered with conventional drilling mud, such as the bentonite–barite mud system. Formation damage is the most common problem encountered in bentonite mud systems with high solid content. In this work, we aimed to formulate two low-solid nondispersed (LSND) muds: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)–LSND mud and partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA)–LSND mud. A comparative analysis was performed to evaluate their property enhancements. LSND muds aid in maintaining hole stability and proper cutting removal. The results of this work show that the addition of both CMC and PHPA helps to improve drilling fluid properties; however, the PHPA–LSND mud was found to be superior. Shale swelling is a major concern in the petroleum industry, as it causes various other problems, such as pipe sticking, low penetration rates, and bit wear. The effect of these two LSND polymer muds in inhibiting shale swelling was analyzed using shale collected from the Champhai district of Mizoram, India.

RESOURCE-EFFECTIVE SOLUTIONS TO ADDRESS HYPOMAGNETIC INFLUENCE ON HUMAN BODY

Relevance: Hypomagnetic conditions have undesirable effects concerning various fields of science and technology. In biology, they cause adverse circumstances, which affect the functioning of living organisms. However, humans experience hypomagnetic fields (HMF) during space exploration, through some branches of production, military objects, and community transport. On the other hand, various high-precision technologies must have or operate under a hypomagnetic field. Aims: We aimed to provide a critical analysis of several ways of preparing hypomagnetic field, differences between hypomagnetic chambers and Helmholtz coils, and review of thematic patents and articles available in the Russian Federation. Methods: We structured and analyzed modern achievements in HMF. Experimental studies on living organisms were evaluated because they show different technical conditions connected to the theme of the hypomagnetic field. Results: Based on this analysis, a new resource-effective technology, which reveals several concerns on the hypomagnetic field, was offered. This technology is essential to be used during preparations for space missions, which require products with special necessities in terms of effectiveness and reliability. Conclusion: We summarized and correlated the results of experiments with possible magnetic conditions, which can occur during space missions and in some military and civil applications. Protection strategies from hypomagnetic conditions were considered. Novel experiments regarding realistic conditions were suggested