Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mRNA expression levels decrease after menopause in normal breast tissue but not in breast cancer lesions

AbstractAngiogenesis is the process of new vascular formation, which is derived from various factors. For suppressing cancer cell growth, targeting angiogenesis is one of the therapeutic approaches. Vascular endothelial growth factor family receptors, including Flt-1, Flk-1, and Flt-4, have been found to play an essential role in regulating angiogenesis. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of rapamycin and platelet factor-4 toward breast carcinoma at the proteomic and genomic levels. A total of 60 N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea-induced rat breast carcinomas were treated with rapamycin, platelet factor-4, and rapamycin+platelet factor-4. The tumors were subsequently subjected to immunohistological protein analysis and polymerase chain reaction gene analysis. Protein analysis was performed using a semi-quantitative scoring method, while the mRNA expression levels were analyzed based on the relative expression ratio. There was a significant difference in the protein and mRNA expression levels for the selected markers. In the rapamycin+platelet factor-4 treated group, the Flt-4 marker was downregulated, whereas there were no differences in the expression levels of other markers, such as Flt-1 and Flk-1. On the other hand, platelet factor-4 did not exhibit a superior angiogenic inhibiting ability in this study. Rapamycin is a potent anti-angiogenic drug; however, platelet factor-4 proved to be a less effective drug of anti-angiogenesis on rat breast carcinoma model.

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Genetic polymorphisms in the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and breast cancer risk. The Austrian “tumor of breast tissue: incidence, genetics, and environmental risk factors” study

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ◽

10.1007/s10549-007-9655-z ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 297-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Uwe Langsenlehner ◽

Gerald Wolf ◽

Tanja Langsenlehner ◽

Armin Gerger ◽

Günter Hofmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Breast Tissue ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Factor Gene ◽

Growth Factor Gene ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Vascular endothelial growth factor D, VEGF-D, encoded by FIGF is differentially expressed in metastatic breast cancer, both in metastases to the brain and to the lymph nodes.

10.31219/osf.io/279pj ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shahan Mamoor

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Normal Breast ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Breast Tissues ◽

The Brain

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes to discover genes associated with brain metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that the vascular endothelial growth factor D, encoded by VEGF-D, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain and lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to normal breast tissues. VEGF-D mRNA was present at significantly reduced quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to normal breast tissues. Down-regulation of VEGF-D may be an important event for metastasis of primary tumor-derived cancer cells to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer, and irrespective of its importance, appears to be a transcriptional event generally associated with metastasis to the brain.

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