Dietary fiber intake and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

Objective To evaluate the associations between dietary fiber intake and ovarian cancer risk. Methods A literature survey was conducted by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, and Wanfang Med Online databases up to March 1st, 2018. The effect of dietary fiber intake on ovarian cancer risk was evaluated by calculating relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 17 articles with 149,177 participants including 7609 ovarian cancer patients were included in this analysis. The summarized relative risk for ovarian cancer in participants with the highest compared with the lowest fiber intake was 0.760 (95%CI=0.702–0.823), with no significant between-study heterogeneity ( I2=12.4%). Subgroup analysis according to study design demonstrated positive associations in both cohort studies and case-control studies. Moreover, the results were consistent among populations from America, Europe, and Asia. No publication bias was found by Egger’s test or funnel plots. Conclusion This meta-analysis concluded that a high intake of dietary fiber could significantly reduce the risk of ovarian cancer compared with a low fiber intake.

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Dietary Fiber Intake and Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10070945 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 945 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kangning Chen ◽

Qianyu Zhao ◽

Xiaofan Li ◽

Jing Zhao ◽

Peiqin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Negative Association ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Endometrial Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

Epidemiological studies are inconclusive regarding the association between dietary fiber intake and endometrial cancer risk. Thus, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the association between dietary fiber and endometrial cancer risk. We searched the PubMed and ISI Web databases for relevant studies through March 2018. The association between dietary fiber and endometrial cancer risk was evaluated by conducting a meta-analysis including 3 cohort and 12 case–control studies. A significant negative association was observed between total dietary fiber intake and endometrial cancer risk in 11 case–control studies (odds ratios (OR) 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.89, I2 = 35.2%, p = 0.117), but a marginal positive association was observed in three cohort studies (relative risk (RR) 1.22, 95% CI: 1.00–1.49, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.995). Particularly, a negative association was observed in North America (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.83, I2 = 8.9%, p = 0.362). In addition, a positive association was observed in cereal fiber (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03–1.52, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.530, 3 cohort studies) and a negative association was observed in vegetable fiber (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.94, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.445, 3 case–control studies). In conclusion, negative associations with endometrial cancer risk were observed for higher total dietary fiber intake and higher vegetable fiber intake in the case–control studies. However, results from the cohort studies suggested positive relationships of higher total fiber intake and higher cereal fiber intake with endometrial cancer risk.

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Association of dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy adults.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.1569 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 1569-1569 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Lin ◽

Brandilyn Peters ◽

Rashmi Sinha ◽

James J. Goedert ◽

Richard Hayes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Community Composition ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

The Relationship

1569 Background: Increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota alterations may play a role in colorectal cancer risk. Diet, particularly fiber intake, may modify gut microbiota composition, which may consequently impact cancer risk development. We investigated the relationship between dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy humans. Methods: Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed gut microbiota in fecal samples from 151 healthy adults in two independent study populations: Study A, n = 75 (healthy controls from a colorectal cancer case-control study), and Study B, n = 76 (polyp-free subjects from a cross-sectional colonoscopy study). We calculated energy-adjusted total dietary fiber intake of participants based on food frequency questionnaires. For each study population, we evaluated the relationship between quartiles of higher fiber intake as a continuous ordinal variable, and global gut microbiota community composition (via PERMANOVA of weighted UniFrac distance) and specific taxon abundance (via DESeq2). Results: We found that fiber intake was significantly associated with overall microbial community composition in Study B (p = 0.003) but not Study A (p = 0.68), after adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, and cigarette smoking. In a taxonomy-based meta-analysis of these two study populations, higher fiber intake was associated with lower abundance of genus Actinomyces (fold change [FC] = 0.769, p = 0.003), and higher abundance of genera Faecalibacterium (FC = 1.153, p = 0.03), Lachnospira (FC = 1.167, p = 0.04), and SMB53 (FC = 1.201, p = 0.05). A species-level meta-analysis showed an association between higher fiber intake and higher abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (FC = 1.165, p = 0.03) and lower abundance of Ruminococcus bromii (FC = 0.828, p = 0.08). Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher intake of dietary fiber may alter gut microbiota in healthy adults. Given the potentially modifiable nature of the gut microbiota through diet, these findings warrant further study of diet-microbiota based colorectal cancer prevention strategies.

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Parity and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0092738 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. e92738 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Hong-Bo Guan ◽

Lang Wu ◽

Qi-Jun Wu ◽

Jingjing Zhu ◽

Tingting Gong

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dose Response ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Pancreatic Cancer Risk

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Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11556

Author(s):

Daniele Nucci ◽

Omar Santangelo ◽

Sandro Provenzano ◽

Cristina Fatigoni ◽

Mariateresa Nardi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Free Text ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Incident Cases

The burden of pancreatic cancer varies greatly across countries, with the number of deaths, incident cases, and disability-adjusted life years more than doubling in recent years, and with high-income countries having the highest incidence and mortality rates. We conducted this systematic review with meta-analysis with the goal of summarizing the current evidence on dietary fiber intake and its role in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer, given the importance of identifying risk factors. This systematic review followed the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020. The structured literature search was conducted on PubMed/Medline and Scopus, combining free text words and medical subject headings. Our review contained 18 records at the end of the process. Our results show that dietary fiber intake reduces the risk of pancreatic cancer. When the analysis was differentiated according to the type of fiber considered, sub-grouped by gender (reduction of around 60% among women), and when case-control studies were conducted, the strength of the association increased. Clinicians and policymakers should improve interventions to raise the population’s awareness regarding the consumption of high-fiber diets, both in practice and in terms of public health policy.

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