Association of dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy adults.

1569 Background: Increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota alterations may play a role in colorectal cancer risk. Diet, particularly fiber intake, may modify gut microbiota composition, which may consequently impact cancer risk development. We investigated the relationship between dietary fiber intake and gut microbiota in healthy humans. Methods: Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed gut microbiota in fecal samples from 151 healthy adults in two independent study populations: Study A, n = 75 (healthy controls from a colorectal cancer case-control study), and Study B, n = 76 (polyp-free subjects from a cross-sectional colonoscopy study). We calculated energy-adjusted total dietary fiber intake of participants based on food frequency questionnaires. For each study population, we evaluated the relationship between quartiles of higher fiber intake as a continuous ordinal variable, and global gut microbiota community composition (via PERMANOVA of weighted UniFrac distance) and specific taxon abundance (via DESeq2). Results: We found that fiber intake was significantly associated with overall microbial community composition in Study B (p = 0.003) but not Study A (p = 0.68), after adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, and cigarette smoking. In a taxonomy-based meta-analysis of these two study populations, higher fiber intake was associated with lower abundance of genus Actinomyces (fold change [FC] = 0.769, p = 0.003), and higher abundance of genera Faecalibacterium (FC = 1.153, p = 0.03), Lachnospira (FC = 1.167, p = 0.04), and SMB53 (FC = 1.201, p = 0.05). A species-level meta-analysis showed an association between higher fiber intake and higher abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (FC = 1.165, p = 0.03) and lower abundance of Ruminococcus bromii (FC = 0.828, p = 0.08). Conclusions: Our results suggest that higher intake of dietary fiber may alter gut microbiota in healthy adults. Given the potentially modifiable nature of the gut microbiota through diet, these findings warrant further study of diet-microbiota based colorectal cancer prevention strategies.

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Dietary Fiber Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk

Topics in Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1097/tin.0b013e3182461dd4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Stephanie Romaneiro ◽

Niyati Parekh

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

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Association of dietary fibre intake and gut microbiota in adults

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518002465 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (9) ◽

pp. 1014-1022 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Daniel Lin ◽

Brandilyn A. Peters ◽

Charles Friedlander ◽

Hal J. Freiman ◽

James J. Goedert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Fibre Intake ◽

Dietary Fibre Intake ◽

The Relationship ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota may influence colorectal cancer risk. Diet, particularly fibre intake, may modify gut microbiota composition, which may affect cancer risk. We investigated the relationship between dietary fibre intake and gut microbiota in adults. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed gut microbiota in faecal samples from 151 adults in two independent study populations: National Cancer Institute (NCI), n 75, and New York University (NYU), n 76. We calculated energy-adjusted fibre intake based on FFQ. For each study population with adjustment for age, sex, race, BMI and smoking, we evaluated the relationship between fibre intake and gut microbiota community composition and taxon abundance. Total fibre intake was significantly associated with overall microbial community composition in NYU (P=0·008) but not in NCI (P=0·81). In a meta-analysis of both study populations, higher fibre intake tended to be associated with genera of class Clostridia, including higher abundance of SMB53 (fold change (FC)=1·04, P=0·04), Lachnospira (FC=1·03, P=0·05) and Faecalibacterium (FC=1·03, P=0·06), and lower abundance of Actinomyces (FC=0·95, P=0·002), Odoribacter (FC=0·95, P=0·03) and Oscillospira (FC=0·96, P=0·06). A species-level meta-analysis showed that higher fibre intake was marginally associated with greater abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (FC=1·03, P=0·07) and lower abundance of Eubacterium dolichum (FC=0·96, P=0·04) and Bacteroides uniformis (FC=0·97, P=0·05). Thus, dietary fibre intake may impact gut microbiota composition, particularly class Clostridia, and may favour putatively beneficial bacteria such as F. prausnitzii. These findings warrant further understanding of diet–microbiota relationships for future development of colorectal cancer prevention strategies.

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Dietary Fiber Intake Modifies the Positive Association between n–3 PUFA Intake and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Caucasian Population

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3945/jn.114.208462 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 145 (8) ◽

pp. 1709-1716 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Bledar Kraja ◽

Taulant Muka ◽

Rikje Ruiter ◽

Catherine E de Keyser ◽

Albert Hofman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Positive Association ◽

Caucasian Population ◽

Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Pufa Intake ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

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Association between dietary fiber intake and risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518792801 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (10) ◽

pp. 3995-4005 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiumin Huang ◽

Xuelian Wang ◽

Jing Shang ◽

Yanzhen Lin ◽

Ying Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Relative Risks ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Study Heterogeneity

Objective To evaluate the associations between dietary fiber intake and ovarian cancer risk. Methods A literature survey was conducted by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, and Wanfang Med Online databases up to March 1st, 2018. The effect of dietary fiber intake on ovarian cancer risk was evaluated by calculating relative risks with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 17 articles with 149,177 participants including 7609 ovarian cancer patients were included in this analysis. The summarized relative risk for ovarian cancer in participants with the highest compared with the lowest fiber intake was 0.760 (95%CI=0.702–0.823), with no significant between-study heterogeneity ( I2=12.4%). Subgroup analysis according to study design demonstrated positive associations in both cohort studies and case-control studies. Moreover, the results were consistent among populations from America, Europe, and Asia. No publication bias was found by Egger’s test or funnel plots. Conclusion This meta-analysis concluded that a high intake of dietary fiber could significantly reduce the risk of ovarian cancer compared with a low fiber intake.

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A Critical Review of the Effect of Dietary Fiber Intake on the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer in Eastern Asian Countries

Journal of Healthcare Engineering ◽

10.1155/2021/6680698 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Yunfan Yang ◽

Li Yang ◽

Liping Zhou ◽

Siyuan Tang

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Common Type ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

The Relationship ◽

Preventive Effects

Background. Colorectal cancer has become the second most common type of cancer in females and the third most common type of cancer in males. The incidence rate of colorectal cancer is increasing along with the change of lifestyle and dietary habits in East Asia. The cause of colorectal cancer is complex; environmental factors and genetic factors affect each other. Dietary fiber is considered as the prevention of colorectal cancer. Epidemiological data in Europe and America have suggested that dietary fiber intake is negatively correlated with colorectal cancer incidence rate. However, the evidence among different populations is inconsistent, and little is known about these associations in Eastern Asian areas. Objectives. To critically review all available human epidemiological data on the relationship between dietary fiber intake and colorectal cancer in Eastern Asian countries and make recommendations for these populations. Methodology. PubMed and Embase were used to search online research papers regarding the relationship between dietary fiber intake and the risk of colorectal cancer in Eastern Asian. We located 9 publications, of which the sample size ranged from 266 to 78, 326. Results. Five case-control studies, as well as one prospective study, have examined significant preventive effects of dietary fiber intake on the risk of colorectal cancer while evidence from three prospective cohorts suggested no preventive effects of dietary fiber intake on colorectal cancer among these populations. There is no consistent conclusion on the protective effect of dietary fiber from different sources and types. Conclusion. The association between dietary fiber intake and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean is considered to be plausible by the available literature. This current review cannot substantiate the preventive effect of dietary fiber intake on colorectal cancer due to the limited available evidence analyzed.

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Dietary fiber intake and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep10834 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Chun-Hui Wang ◽

Chong Qiao ◽

Ruo-Chen Wang ◽

Wen-Ping Zhou

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Pancreatic Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

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Dietary Fiber Intake and Endometrial Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10070945 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 945 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kangning Chen ◽

Qianyu Zhao ◽

Xiaofan Li ◽

Jing Zhao ◽

Peiqin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Negative Association ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Endometrial Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake

Epidemiological studies are inconclusive regarding the association between dietary fiber intake and endometrial cancer risk. Thus, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the association between dietary fiber and endometrial cancer risk. We searched the PubMed and ISI Web databases for relevant studies through March 2018. The association between dietary fiber and endometrial cancer risk was evaluated by conducting a meta-analysis including 3 cohort and 12 case–control studies. A significant negative association was observed between total dietary fiber intake and endometrial cancer risk in 11 case–control studies (odds ratios (OR) 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.89, I2 = 35.2%, p = 0.117), but a marginal positive association was observed in three cohort studies (relative risk (RR) 1.22, 95% CI: 1.00–1.49, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.995). Particularly, a negative association was observed in North America (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.59–0.83, I2 = 8.9%, p = 0.362). In addition, a positive association was observed in cereal fiber (RR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03–1.52, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.530, 3 cohort studies) and a negative association was observed in vegetable fiber (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.94, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.445, 3 case–control studies). In conclusion, negative associations with endometrial cancer risk were observed for higher total dietary fiber intake and higher vegetable fiber intake in the case–control studies. However, results from the cohort studies suggested positive relationships of higher total fiber intake and higher cereal fiber intake with endometrial cancer risk.

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Effect of chicory inulin-type fructan–containing snack bars on the human gut microbiota in low dietary fiber consumers in a randomized crossover trial

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqaa074 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1286-1296 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Raylene A Reimer ◽

Adriana Soto-Vaca ◽

Alissa C Nicolucci ◽

Shyamchand Mayengbam ◽

Heekuk Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Low Dose ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Control Group ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Moderate Dose ◽

Double Blind ◽

Dietary Fiber Intake ◽

Gi Symptoms

Abstract Background The low intake of dietary fiber compared to recommended amounts has been referred to as the dietary fiber gap. The addition of fiber to snack foods could favorably alter gut microbiota and help individuals meet intake recommendations. Objectives Our objective was to examine the effect of low- and moderate-dose fiber-containing snack bars, comprising mainly chicory root inulin-type fructans (ITF), on gut microbiota in healthy adults with habitual low dietary fiber intake using 16S ribosomal RNA–based approaches. Methods In 2 separate 4-wk, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trials, 50 healthy adults with low dietary fiber intake were randomly assigned to receive isocaloric snack bars of either moderate-dose fiber (7 g/d) or control in Trial 1 (n = 25) or low-dose fiber (3 g/d) or control in Trial 2 (n = 25), with 4-wk washout periods. Fecal microbiota composition and inferred function, fecal SCFA concentration, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, dietary intake, and quality of life were measured. Results Compared with the control group, the moderate-dose group showed significant differences across multiple microbial taxa, most notably an increased relative abundance of the Bifidobacterium genus from (mean ± SEM) 5.3% ± 5.9% to 18.7% ± 15.0%. With low-dose ITF, significant increases in Bifidobacterium were no longer present after correction for multiple comparisons but targeted analysis with qPCR showed a significant increase in Bifidobacterium. Predictive functional profiling identified changes in predicted function after intake of the moderate- but not the low-dose bar. Fecal SCFAs were affected by time but not treatment. There were no between-group differences in GI symptoms. Importantly, fiber intake increased significantly with the moderate- and low-dose bars. Conclusions In healthy adults, adding 3 or 7 g ITF to snack bars increased Bifidobacterium, a beneficial member of the gut microbial community. The addition of ITF to food products could help reduce the dietary fiber gap prevalent in modern life. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03042494.

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