scholarly journals A comprehensive phylogeography of the Hyles euphorbiae complex (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) indicates a ‘glacial refuge belt’

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Mende ◽  
Manuela Bartel ◽  
Anna K. Hundsdoerfer
Keyword(s):  
Glacial Refuge ◽  
Hyles Euphorbiae

scholarly journals Super Cooling Point Phenotypes and Cold Resistance in Hyles euphorbiae Hawk Moths from Different Climate Zones

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Hana Daneck ◽  
Matthias Benjamin Barth ◽  
Martin Geck ◽  
Anna K. Hundsdoerfer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Hyles Euphorbiae

The spurge hawkmoth Hyles euphorbiae L. (Sphingidae) comprises a remarkable species complex with still not fully resolved taxonomy. Its extensive natural distribution range covers diverse climatic zones. This predestinates particular populations to cope with different local seasonally unfavorable environmental conditions. The ability of the pupae to overcome outer frosty conditions is well known. However, the differences between two main ecotypes (‘euphorbiae’ and ‘tithymali’) in terms of the inherent degree of frost tolerance, its corresponding survival strategy, and underlying mechanism have not been studied in detail so far. The main aim of our study was to test the phenotypic exhibition of pupae (as the relevant life cycle stadia to outlast unfavorable conditions) in response to combined effects of exogenous stimuli, such as daylight length and cooling regime. Namely, we tested the turnout of subitan (with fast development, unadapted to unfavorable conditions) or diapause (paused development, adapted to unfavorable external influences and increased resistance) pupae under different conditions, as well as their mortality, and we measured the super cooling point (SCP) of whole pupae (in vivo) and pupal hemolymph (in vitro) as phenotypic indicators of cold acclimation. Our results show higher cold sensitivity in ‘tithymali’ populations, exhibiting rather opportunistic and short-termed cold hardiness, while ‘euphorbiae’ produces a phenotype of seasonal cold-hardy diapause pupae under a combined effect of short daylight length and continuous cold treatment. Further differences include the variability in duration and mortality of diapause pupae. This suggests different pre-adaptations to seasonal environmental conditions in each ecotype and may indicate a state of incipient speciation within the H. euphorbiae complex.

scholarly journals The Molecular Dissection of mtDNA Haplogroup H Confirms That the Franco-Cantabrian Glacial Refuge Was a Major Source for the European Gene Pool

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 910-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Achilli ◽  
Chiara Rengo ◽  
Chiara Magri ◽  
Vincenza Battaglia ◽  
Anna Olivieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Pool ◽  
Molecular Dissection ◽  
Glacial Refuge ◽  
Mtdna Haplogroup

Revision of Chimarrogale (Lipotyphla: Soricidae) from Vietnam with comments on taxonomy and biogeography of Asiatic water shrews

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4232 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXEI V. ABRAMOV ◽  
ANNA A. BANNIKOVA ◽  
VLADIMIR S. LEBEDEV ◽  
VIATCHESLAV V. ROZHNOV
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Nuclear Loci ◽  
Glacial Refuge

We analyzed the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene and fragments of four nuclear loci: ApoB, RAG2, IRBP1 and BRCA1. These data allowed us to provide new insights into the diversity of the Asiatic water shrews of Indochina. A new, highly divergent genetic lineage of Chimarrogale was found in southern Vietnam, and this lineage included specimens from the provinces of Kon Tum, Dak Lak, and Lam Dong. Such finding represents the newest and southernmost records of Chimarrogale in Indochina. Morphological analysis classified the specimens from southern Vietnam as C. varennei proper, which is restricted to that region, whereas the polymorphic C. himalayica, which contained at least four cytochrome b haplogroups, occurred in central and northern Vietnam and southern China. This distinct C. varennei lineage closely related to the C. platycephalus + C. leander clade suggests the existence of an unknown glacial refuge in Tay Nguyen Plateau, southern Vietnam. Because the Bornean C. phaeura (i) was sister-group of the rest of Chimarrogale sensu lato and (ii) had a high genetic divergence (~15% for cytochrome b) and geographical isolation, we suggest that C. phaeura be placed into a separate genus, Crossogale Thomas, 1921. This genus should also include C. sumatrana (Sumatra) and C. hantu (Peninsular Malaysia). On those grounds, we propose a new classification system for Asiatic water shrews. 

Experimental population genetics in insects: inheritance of ISSR-PCR bands in an artificial population

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2231 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
ANNA K. HUNDSDOERFER ◽  
MICHAEL WINK
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Familial Cluster ◽  
Genomic Fingerprint ◽  
Hyles Euphorbiae ◽  
Issr Pcr ◽  
Simple Sequence

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)-PCR fingerprints are being increasingly used to establish relationships between closely related animals, although their inheritance patterns have not been examined closely as yet. To better understand the genetics of this relatively novel genomic fingerprint technique and to assess the tokogenetic information content of the data for the Hyles euphorbiae (Linnaeus, 1758) complex (HEC; Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) precisely, we examined five separated pairs of moths of Hyles euphorbiae from Spain (10 moths) and their offspring as an artificial population. ISSR-PCR fingerprints were obtained with four primers and the 0/1 matrix analysed. The cluster algorithm Neighbour Joining was successful in reconstructing the families as monophyletic, although intra-familial cluster formation cannot be represented by a dichotomous branching pattern. In contrast, the band sharing index did not detect significant differences in variability between siblings and individuals of H. euphorbiae from different localities compared at random. Rather high levels of recombination were detected, which surprisingly did not appear to obscure the tokogenetic signal to a significant degree. Thus ISSR-PCR fingerprints appear to be appropriate markers to study relationships between HEC individuals of two consecutive generations, while being too variable for higher levels.

scholarly journals Additional Glacial Relicts in Carei Plain Natural Protected Area, North-Western Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Paul-Marian Szatmari
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Area North ◽  
Glacial Refuge

Abstract This paper presents new scientific data on the spread of mountain elements in the plains of the northwestern part of Romania, species that managed to survive in this area since the last glacial period. Previous studies revealed that the northwestern part of Romania does not exhibit vegetation specific to the region of forest steppe, hills or low mountain areas, as expected. Many species common to mountainous regions were previously observed not only in Carei Plain, but also in Ier Plain, Tur Plain, Tăşnad Hills or Oaş region across Satu Mare, Bihor and Sălaj counties. The same observations were made in other parts of Carei Plain in Hungary, and conclusions were drawn that the area was a glacial refuge. On the Hungarian side of the Carei Plain, the ecosystems were also better preserved comparative to the Romanian side, where most of the natural ecosystems of the Carei Plain were destroyed due to the conversion to agricultural land starting with the 19th century and culminating in the communist period during the 20th century. The study is also intended to be a complement to the data on "Natura 2000" sites, whose goal is the protection of biodiversity in Europe along with their conservation in the most favorable conditions. An update of these sites is becoming increasingly necessary since in recent decades they have been greatly impacted by human activities.

scholarly journals Genome-wide SNP Data Reveal an Overestimation of Species Diversity in a Group of Hawkmoths

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2136-2150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K Hundsdoerfer ◽  
Kyung Min Lee ◽  
Ian J Kitching ◽  
Marko Mutanen
Keyword(s):  
Valid Species ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Hyles Euphorbiae

Abstract The interface between populations and evolving young species continues to generate much contemporary debate in systematics depending on the species concept(s) applied but which ultimately reduces to the fundamental question of “when do nondiscrete entities become distinct, mutually exclusive evolutionary units”? Species are perceived as critical biological entities, and the discovery and naming of new species is perceived by many authors as a major research aim for assessing current biodiversity before much of it becomes extinct. However, less attention is given to determining whether these names represent valid biological entities because this is perceived as both a laborious chore and an undesirable research outcome. The charismatic spurge hawkmoths (Hyles euphorbiae complex, HEC) offer an opportunity to study this less fashionable aspect of systematics. To elucidate this intriguing systematic challenge, we analyzed over 10,000 ddRAD single nucleotide polymorphisms from 62 individuals using coalescent-based and population genomic methodology. These genome-wide data reveal a clear overestimation of (sub)species-level diversity and demonstrate that the HEC taxonomy has been seriously oversplit. We conclude that only one valid species name should be retained for the entire HEC, namely Hyles euphorbiae, and we do not recognize any formal subspecies or other taxonomic subdivisions within it. Although the adoption of genetic tools has frequently revealed morphologically cryptic diversity, the converse, taxonomic oversplitting of species, is generally (and wrongly in our opinion) accepted as rare. Furthermore, taxonomic oversplitting is most likely to have taken place in intensively studied popular and charismatic organisms such as the HEC.

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