Fast progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology has contributed to the way in which people
diagnose, combat, and overcome various diseases differently from the conventional methods. Metal
nanoparticles, mainly silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively), are currently
developed for many applications in the medical and pharmaceutical area including as antibacterial, antibiofilm
as well as anti-leshmanial agents, drug delivery systems, diagnostics tools, as well as being included
in personal care products and cosmetics. In this review, the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs
using different methods is discussed, particularly the green or bio- synthesis method as well as common
methods used for their physical and chemical characterization. In addition, the mechanisms of the antimicrobial
and anti-biofilm activity of AgNPs and AuNPs are discussed, along with the toxicity of both
nanoparticles. The review will provide insight into the potential of biosynthesized AgNPs and AuNPs as
antimicrobial nanomaterial agents for future use.