Enzymatic hydrolysis of organosolv Kanlow switchgrass and its impact on cellulose crystallinity and degree of polymerization

AbstractBackground:Plantago majorL. leaves have been used for centuries by the traditional medicine in the treatment of infectious disorders of the respiratory, urinary and digestive tracts. Researchers have reported that hot water extracts ofPlantago majorpossess a broad-spectrum of anticancer, antioxidant and antiviral activities, as well as activities which modulate cell-mediated immunity. Their beneficial properties may be due to the significant content of polysaccharides. The polysaccharides that have been isolated from the leaves ofPlantago majorL. have different structures – pectic substances, galactans, arabinogalactans, glucomannans.Aim:The aim of this paper was to study the correlation between the structure of the water extractable polysaccharides isolated fromPlantago majorL. leaves and their enzymatic hydrolysis with different carbohydrate hydrolases.Materials and methods:The hydrolysis reactions were performed with the enzymes hemicellulase and mannanase. Spectrophotometric total reducing sugars assay was used to examine the hydrolysis yield. The monosaccharide and oligosaccharide compositions were determined using HPLC analysis.Results:The highest hydrolysis yield of the water extractable polysaccharides fromPlantago majorleaves was obtained by treatment with hemicellulase. The hydrolysis yield increased with the augmentation of the ratio of enzyme to polysaccharide. Galactose was the prevalent monosaccharide identified in the composition of the isolated polysaccharides. Oligosaccharides with different degree of polymerization were also detected.Conclusion:The enzymatic hydrolysis of water extractable polysaccharides fromPlantago majorleaves allows us to obtain different types of oligosaccharides with beneficial effects on both human health and industry.

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Enzymatic hydrolysis of agar: purification and characterization of β-neoagarotetraose hydrolase from Pseudomonas atlantica

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m77-100 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 672-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

D. Groleau ◽

W. Yaphe

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Hydrolase Activity ◽

Wall Region ◽

Purification And Characterization ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Agarose is degraded by a β-agarase from Pseudomonas atlantica to neoagarooligosaccharides of degree of polymerization (DP) 4, 6, 8, and 10. A β-neoagarotetraose hydrolase cleaves the central β-linkage in neoagarotetraose and the β-linkage near the nonreducing end in neoagarohexaose and -octaose to yield neoagarobiose. The β-neoagarotetraose hydrolase was localized on or outside the cytoplasmic membrane, in the cell wall region. The enzyme was activated by NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MnCl2, and MgSO4, has a Km of 3.4 × 10−3 M for neoagarotetraose, was free from β-agarase and α-neoagarobiose hydrolase activity, and showed no transglycosidic activity.

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Effect of cellulose structure on enzymatic hydrolysis

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.6.3.2818-2835 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 2818-2835 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michael Ioelovich ◽

Ely Morag

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Structural Features ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Conversion Degree ◽

Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽

Cellulose Structure ◽

Crystalline Domains ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Negligible Influence

Enzymatic hydrolysis of non-dried and dried cellulose samples having various particles size, degree of polymerization, porosity, crystalline polymorph, and content of non-crystalline domains has been studied. Regression analysis was carried out to determine contribution of various structural features of cellulose samples to their hydrolysability. It was found that particle size, degree of polymerization, and crystalline polymorph had a negligible influence on the conversion degree of cellulose into glucose under the effect of the cellulolytic enzyme. Such characteristics as the pores volume had a fair impact on the conversion degree of cellulose. Drying of the wet samples caused decreasing of the hydrolysability of cellulose due to irreversible collapse of the pores volume. The content of non-crystalline domains (Ax) in cellulose had the highest effect on the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis and average conversion degree (αa) of cellulose into glucose. A linear dependence αa = f(Ax) was established both for dried and non-dried cellulose samples.

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Single-Stage Fractionation of Vine Shoots Using Microwave Heating

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11177954 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (17) ◽

pp. 7954

Author(s):

Sandra Rivas ◽

Juan Carlos Parajó

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Degree Of Polymerization ◽

Agricultural Residues ◽

Single Stage ◽

Raw Material ◽

Food Ingredients ◽

Stage Separation ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Vine shoots are agricultural residues that can be used as a raw material in agro-biorefineries, in which their main constituents can be individually converted into valuable bioproducts. The treatment of vine shoots in uncatalyzed media containing water and 1-butanol enabled the single-stage separation of the major vine shoots constituents in different phases: the aqueous phase from treatments contained hemicellulose-derived products (mainly in the form of oligosaccharides), the organic phase accumulated the dissolved lignin, and the cellulosic fraction was recovered in solid phase. The aqueous phase from treatments was refined using membranes and processed with enzymes to obtain a refined product (RP) containing 92.2 g of oligosaccharides/100 g of non-volatile compounds. The oligosaccharides were mainly composed of anhydroxylose units substituted by acetyl and uronic groups. Enzymatic hydrolysis of RP with endo-xylanases reduced the average degree of polymerization to 2-3, which are preferred for application as healthy food ingredients. The solid phase from treatments was used as a substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis, enabling the production of solutions containing 34.9 g glucose /L and 4.2 g xylose /L.

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Microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis of starch

10.3390/ecsoc-13-00159 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marcin Lukasiewicz ◽

Anna Osowiec ◽

Magdalena Marciniak

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Analyses of enzymatic hydrolysis of bagasse cane of sugar for obtention of ethanol employing a cocktail of natives commercials enzymes.

10.3390/mol2net-04-05300 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ángel Batallas ◽

Erenio González ◽

Carmen Salvador ◽

Jonathan Villavicencio ◽

Humberto González Gavilánez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Enzymatic hydrolysis of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide renders the bacterium vulnerable to host defense.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.733387483.793547056 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mattias Collin

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Host Defense ◽

Capsular Polysaccharide ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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Immobilized Nanoparticles-Mediated Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose for Clean Sugar Production: A Novel Approach

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413714666180611081759 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 296-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Swapnil Gaikwad ◽

Avinash P. Ingle ◽

Silvio Silverio da Silva ◽

Mahendra Rai

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Immobilized Enzyme ◽

Free Enzyme ◽

Magnetic Nanomaterials ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Cellulase Enzyme ◽

Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽

Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Background: Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is an expensive approach due to the high cost of an enzyme involved in the process. The goal of the current study was to apply magnetic nanomaterials as a support for immobilization of enzyme, which helps in the repeated use of immobilized enzyme for hydrolysis to make the process cost-effective. In addition, it will also provide stability to enzyme and increase its catalytic activity. Objective: The main aim of the present study is to immobilize cellulase enzyme on Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) in order to enable the enzyme to be re-used for clean sugar production from cellulose. Methods: MNPs were synthesized using chemical precipitation methods and characterized by different techniques. Further, cellulase enzyme was immobilized on MNPs and efficacy of free and immobilized cellulase for hydrolysis of cellulose was evaluated. Results: Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by immobilized enzyme showed enhanced catalytic activity after 48 hours compared to free enzyme. In first cycle of hydrolysis, immobilized enzyme hydrolyzed the cellulose and produced 19.5 ± 0.15 gm/L of glucose after 48 hours. On the contrary, free enzyme produced only 13.7 ± 0.25 gm/L of glucose in 48 hours. Immobilized enzyme maintained its stability and produced 6.15 ± 0.15 and 3.03 ± 0.25 gm/L of glucose in second and third cycle, respectively after 48 hours. Conclusion: This study will be very useful for sugar production because of enzyme binding efficiency and admirable reusability of immobilized enzyme, which leads to the significant increase in production of sugar from cellulosic materials.

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