Enhanced room temperature ionic conductivity of the LiBH4·1/2NH3–Al2O3 composite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Zhang ◽  
Wanying Zhao ◽  
Zhenzhen Liu ◽  
Shanghai Wei ◽  
Yigang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
Al2o3 Composite

In situ formed amorphous LiBH4·1/2NH3 on the surface of Al2O3 nanoparticles results in an enhanced ion conductivity of 1.1 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature.

Materials for All-Solid-State Lithium Ion Batteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaletha Narayanan ◽  
Lina Truong ◽  
Venkataraman Thangadurai
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
High Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Battery ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACTGarnet-type electrolytes are currently receiving much attention for applications in Li-ion batteries, as they possess high ionic conductivity and chemical stability. Doping the garnet structure has proved to be a good way to improve the Li ion conductivity and stability. The present study includes effects of Y- doping in Li5La3Nb2O12 on Li ion conductivity and stability of “Li5+2xLa3Nb2-xYxO12” (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.75) under various environments, as well as chemical stability studies of Li5+xBaxLa3-xM2O12 (M = Nb, Ta) in water. “Li6.5La3Nb1.25Y0.75O12” showed a very high ionic conductivity of 2.7 х 10−4 Scm−1 at 25 °C, which is comparable to the highest value reported for garnet-type compounds, e.g., Li7La3Zr2O12. The selected members show very good stability against high temperatures, water, Li battery cathode Li2CoMn3O8 and carbon. The Li5+xBaxLa3-xNb2O12 garnets have shown to readily undergo an ion-exchange (proton) reaction under water treatment at room temperature; however, the Ta-based garnet appears to exhibit considerably higher stability under the same conditions.

scholarly journals Sodium Ion Conductivity in Superionic IL-Impregnated Metal-Organic Frameworks: Enhancing Stability Through Structural Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Nozari ◽  
Courtney Calahoo ◽  
Joshua M. Tuffnell ◽  
Philipp Adelhelm ◽  
Katrin Wondraczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Composite Electrolytes ◽  
Ion Conduction ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Metal Organic

<p>Metal—organic frameworks (MOFs) are intriguing host materials in composite electrolytes due to their ability for tailoring host-guest interactions by chemical tuning of the MOF backbone. Here, we introduce particularly high sodium ion conductivity into the zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 by impregnation with the sodium-salt-containing ionic liquid (IL) (Na0.1¬EMIM0.9)TFSI. We demonstrate an ionic conductivity exceeding 2×10-4 S ⋅cm-1 at room temperature, with an activation energy as low as 0.26 eV, i.e., the highest reported performance for room temperature Na+-related ion conduction in MOF-based composite electrolytes to date. Partial amorphization of the ZIF-backbone by ball-milling results in significant enhancement of the composite stability, reflecting in persistent and stable ionic conductivity during exposure to ambient air over up to 20 days. While the introduction of network disorder decelerates IL exudation and interactions with ambient contaminants, the ion conductivity is only marginally affected, decreasing linearly with decreasing crystallinity but still maintaining superionic behavior. This highlights the general importance of 3D networks of interconnected pores for efficient ion conduction in MOF/IL blends, whereas pore symmetry is a presumably less stringent condition.</p>

Synthesis and properties of poly(1,3-dioxolane) in-situ quasi-solid-state electrolytes via rare-earth triflate catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guuanming Yang ◽  
Yanfang Zhai ◽  
Jianyao Yao ◽  
Shufeng Song ◽  
Liyang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Solid State Electrolytes

We report rare-earth triflate catalyst Sc(OTf)3 for ring-opening polymerization of 1,3-dioxolane in-situ producing quasi-solid-state poly(1,3-dioxolane) electrolyte, which not only demonstrates superior ionic conductivity of 1.07 mS cm-1 at room temperature,...

scholarly journals Sodium Ion Conductivity in Superionic IL-Impregnated Metal-Organic Frameworks: Enhancing Stability Through Structural Disorder

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Nozari ◽  
Courtney Calahoo ◽  
Joshua M. Tuffnell ◽  
Philipp Adelhelm ◽  
Katrin Wondraczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Composite Electrolytes ◽  
Ion Conduction ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Metal Organic

<p>Metal—organic frameworks (MOFs) are intriguing host materials in composite electrolytes due to their ability for tailoring host-guest interactions by chemical tuning of the MOF backbone. Here, we introduce particularly high sodium ion conductivity into the zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-8 by impregnation with the sodium-salt-containing ionic liquid (IL) (Na0.1¬EMIM0.9)TFSI. We demonstrate an ionic conductivity exceeding 2×10-4 S ⋅cm-1 at room temperature, with an activation energy as low as 0.26 eV, i.e., the highest reported performance for room temperature Na+-related ion conduction in MOF-based composite electrolytes to date. Partial amorphization of the ZIF-backbone by ball-milling results in significant enhancement of the composite stability, reflecting in persistent and stable ionic conductivity during exposure to ambient air over up to 20 days. While the introduction of network disorder decelerates IL exudation and interactions with ambient contaminants, the ion conductivity is only marginally affected, decreasing linearly with decreasing crystallinity but still maintaining superionic behavior. This highlights the general importance of 3D networks of interconnected pores for efficient ion conduction in MOF/IL blends, whereas pore symmetry is a presumably less stringent condition.</p>

Lithium migration pathways at the composite interface of LiBH4 and two-dimensional MoS2 enabling superior ionic conductivity at room temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 4096-4105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Liu ◽  
Mengyuan Xiang ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
Huaiyu Shao ◽  
Yunfeng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Composite Interface ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Migration Pathways ◽  
Lithium Migration

A novel interface with high Li-ion conductivity has been formulated and the results have been verified by DFT calculations.

Otoconia perfect/imperfect crystals

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
César D. Fermin ◽  
Dale Martin
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Crystal Matrix ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Otoconia of higher vertebrates are interesting biological crystals that display the diffraction patterns of perfect crystals (e.g., calcite for birds and mammal) when intact, but fail to produce a regular crystallographic pattern when fixed. Image processing of the fixed crystal matrix, which resembles the organic templates of teeth and bone, failed to clarify a paradox of biomineralization described by Mann. Recently, we suggested that inner ear otoconia crystals contain growth plates that run in different directions, and that the arrangement of the plates may contribute to the turning angles seen at the hexagonal faces of the crystals.Using image processing algorithms described earlier, and Fourier Transform function (2FFT) of BioScan Optimas®, we evaluated the patterns in the packing of the otoconia fibrils of newly hatched chicks (Gallus domesticus) inner ears. Animals were fixed in situ by perfusion of 1% phosphotungstic acid (PTA) at room temperature through the left ventricle, after intraperitoneal Nembutal (35mg/Kg) deep anesthesia. Negatives were made with a Hitachi H-7100 TEM at 50K-400K magnifications. The negatives were then placed on a light box, where images were filtered and transferred to a 35 mm camera as described.

In Situ Localization of PPAR Gamma and Uncoupling Protein in Mouse Embryo Sections Using Digoxigenin-Labeled Riboprobes

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
C. Jennermann ◽  
S. A. Kliewer ◽  
D. C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Ppar Gamma ◽  
Nuclear Hormone Receptor ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and has been shown in vitro to regulate genes involved in lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. By Northern analysis, we and other researchers have shown that expression of this receptor predominates in adipose tissue in adult mice, and appears first in whole-embryo mRNA at 13.5 days postconception. In situ hybridization was used to find out in which developing tissues PPARg is specifically expressed.Digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes were generated using the Genius™ 4 RNA Labeling Kit from Boehringer Mannheim. Full length PPAR gamma, obtained by PCR from mouse liver cDNA, was inserted into pBluescript SK and used as template for the transcription reaction. Probes of average size 200 base pairs were made by partial alkaline hydrolysis of the full length transcripts. The in situ hybridization assays were performed as described previously with some modifications. Frozen sections (10 μm thick) of day 18 mouse embryos were cut, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and acetylated with 0.25% acetic anhydride in 1.0M triethanolamine buffer. The sections were incubated for 2 hours at room temperature in pre-hybridization buffer, and were then hybridized with a probe concentration of 200μg per ml at 70° C, overnight in a humidified chamber. Following stringent washes in SSC buffers, the immunological detection steps were performed at room temperature. The alkaline phosphatase labeled, anti-digoxigenin antibody and detection buffers were purchased from Boehringer Mannheim. The sections were treated with a blocking buffer for one hour and incubated with antibody solution at a 1:5000 dilution for 2 hours, both at room temperature. Colored precipitate was formed by exposure to the alkaline phosphatase substrate nitrobluetetrazoliumchloride/ bromo-chloroindlylphosphate.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

scholarly journals Lithium-mediated Ferration of Fluoroarenes

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 866-870
Author(s):  
Lewis C. H. Maddock ◽  
Alan Kennedy ◽  
Eva Hevia
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Organometallic Chemistry ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Elucidation ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
Lithium Amide ◽  
Mixed Metal ◽  
Important Challenge

While fluoroaryl fragments are ubiquitous in many pharmaceuticals, the deprotonation of fluoroarenes using organolithium bases constitutes an important challenge in polar organometallic chemistry. This has been widely attributed to the low stability of the in situ generated aryl lithium intermediates that even at –78 °C can undergo unwanted side reactions. Herein, pairing lithium amide LiHMDS (HMDS = N{SiMe3}2) with FeII(HMDS)2 enables the selective deprotonation at room temperature of pentafluorobenzene and 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene via the mixed-metal base [(dioxane)LiFe(HMDS)3] (1) (dioxane = 1,4-dioxane). Structural elucidation of the organometallic intermediates [(dioxane)Li(HMDS)2Fe(ArF)] (ArF = C6F5, 2; 1,3,5-F3-C6H2, 3) prior electrophilic interception demonstrates that these deprotonations are actually ferrations, with Fe occupying the position previously filled by a hydrogen atom. Notwithstanding, the presence of lithium is essential for the reactions to take place as Fe II (HMDS)2 on its own is completely inert towards the metallation of these substrates. Interestingly 2 and 3 are thermally stable and they do not undergo benzyne formation via LiF elimination.

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