Electron dynamics in plasmons

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2801-2810
Author(s):  
Hue Thi Bich Do ◽  
Ding Wen Jun ◽  
Zackaria Mahfoud ◽  
Wu Lin ◽  
Michel Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Single Particle ◽  
Electron Dynamics ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Plasmon Resonances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pic Method

The Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method for plasmons provides a mechanical, single-particle picture of plasmon resonances by tracking in time the movement of all the individual conduction electrons.

scholarly journals PIC methods in astrophysics: simulations of relativistic jets and kinetic physics in astrophysical systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Nishikawa ◽  
Ioana Duţan ◽  
Christoph Köhn ◽  
Yosuke Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Physics ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Relativistic Jets ◽  
Astrophysical Plasmas ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
The Future ◽  
Pic Method

AbstractThe Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method has been developed by Oscar Buneman, Charles Birdsall, Roger W. Hockney, and John Dawson in the 1950s and, with the advances of computing power, has been further developed for several fields such as astrophysical, magnetospheric as well as solar plasmas and recently also for atmospheric and laser-plasma physics. Currently more than 15 semi-public PIC codes are available which we discuss in this review. Its applications have grown extensively with increasing computing power available on high performance computing facilities around the world. These systems allow the study of various topics of astrophysical plasmas, such as magnetic reconnection, pulsars and black hole magnetosphere, non-relativistic and relativistic shocks, relativistic jets, and laser-plasma physics. We review a plethora of astrophysical phenomena such as relativistic jets, instabilities, magnetic reconnection, pulsars, as well as PIC simulations of laser-plasma physics (until 2021) emphasizing the physics involved in the simulations. Finally, we give an outlook of the future simulations of jets associated to neutron stars, black holes and their merging and discuss the future of PIC simulations in the light of petascale and exascale computing.

scholarly journals Simulation of Velocity Evolution of a Cold Collision-less Non-Magnetised Plasma by Particle-in-Cell Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Ananthanarasimhan J ◽  
Anand M.S. ◽  
Lakshminarayana R
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Particle Energy ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Static System ◽  
Plasma System ◽  
Plasma Properties ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Pic Method ◽  
Background Ions ◽  
Cold Collision

This work presents simple numerical simulation algorithm to analyse the velocity evolution of high density non-magnetized glow discharge (cold) collision-less plasma using Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method. In the place of millions of physical electrons and background ions, fewer particles called super particles are used for simulation to capture the plasma properties such as particle velocity, particle energy and electrical field of the plasma system. The plasma system which is of interest in this work is weakly coupled plasma having quasi-neutrality nature. Simulation results showed symmetric velocity distribution about zero with slight left skewness, indicating static system. The order of directional velocity of individual particle seems to agree with the input electron temperature of the considered plasma system. The particle and field energy evolution were observed having fluctuations about zero which indicates that the system is equilibrating. This work marks the preliminary work to study the transport of plasma species in plasma column of gliding arc discharge.

scholarly journals A scaled MP-PIC method for bubbling fluidization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Zhao ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Beds ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Phase Particle ◽  
Scaling Law ◽  
Coarse Graining ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pic Method ◽  
Multi Phase

Coarse-grained methods have been widely used in simulations of gas-solid fluidization. However, as a key parameter, the coarse-graining ratio, and its relevant scaling law is still far from reaching a consensus. In this work, a scaling law is developed based on a similarity analysis, and then it is used to scale the multi-phase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method, and validated in the simulation of two bubbling fluidized beds. The simulation result shows this scaled MP-PIC can reduce the errors of solids volume fraction and velocity distributions over a wide range of coarse-graining ratios. In future, we expect that a scaling law with consideration of the heterogeneity inside a parcel or numerical particle will further improve the performance of coarse-grained modeling in simulation of fluidized beds.

The theory of the ferromagnetism of conduction electrons at low temperatures

1965 ◽  
Vol 284 (1398) ◽  
pp. 423-441 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spin Wave ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Lattice Site ◽  
Spontaneous Magnetization ◽  
Spin Waves ◽  
Green Functions ◽  
Linear Combinations ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Occupation Numbers

A theory is presented in which the effect of spin waves on the single-particle states of conduction electrons is obtained as well as the effect of the conduction electrons on the spin waves. Green function techniques are employed. The Hamiltonian is taken to contain the single-particle energies of the conduction electrons in the absence of interactions, the Coulomb interaction between electrons in Wannier states centred on the same lattice site C , and the interatomic exchange terms J ij . Interband integrals are neglected. The chain of equations for the single-particle Green functions is decoupled in such a way as to include the effects of the spin waves in the single-particle Green functions. The theory is worked out on the assumption that C is very much greater than the band width and the J ij so that at T ═ 0 the double occupation of Wannier orbital states is the minimum possible. The resulting single-particle occupation numbers are linear combinations of Fermi-Dirac functions. The low temperature spontaneous magnetization ξ is found to be a product of a spin-wave magnetization and a single-particle magnetization ξ s.p ., and so contains terms varying as T 1 and T 1 , and T 2 if both spin sub-bands are partially occupied in the ground state. The low temperature specific heat contains T and T 1 terms. The results of the Heisenberg model are obtained in the appropriate limit. Expressions for the spin-wave energy and its temperature dependence are discussed.

Electrostatic particle-in-cell simulation of heat flux mitigation using magnetic fields

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Felix Lüskow ◽  
S. Kemnitz ◽  
G. Bandelow ◽  
J. Duras ◽  
D. Kahnfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Turbulent Transport ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Region ◽  
Transport Channel ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Heat Deposition ◽  
Cell Simulation ◽  
Pic Method

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method was used to simulate heat flux mitigation experiments with partially ionised argon. The experiments demonstrate the possibility of reducing heat flux towards a target using magnetic fields. Modelling using the PIC method is able to reproduce the heat flux mitigation qualitatively. This is driven by modified electron transport. Electrons are magnetised and react directly to the external magnetic field. In addition, an increase of radial turbulent transport is also needed to explain the experimental observations in the model. Close to the target an increase of electron density is created. Due to quasi-neutrality, ions follow the electrons. Charge exchange collisions couple the dynamics of the neutrals to the ions and reduce the flow velocity of neutrals by radial momentum transport and subsequent losses. By this, the dominant heat-transport channel by neutrals gets reduced and a reduction of the heat deposition, similar to the experiment, is observed. Using the simulation a diagnostic module for optical emission is developed and its results are compared with spectroscopic measurements and photos from the experiment. The results of this study are in good agreement with the experiment. Experimental observations such as a shrank bright emission region close to the nozzle exit, an additional emission in front of the target and an overall change in colour to red are reproduced by the simulation.

scholarly journals Plasmonic polymers unraveled through single particle spectroscopy

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 11451-11461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liane S. Slaughter ◽  
Lin-Yung Wang ◽  
Britain A. Willingham ◽  
Jana M. Olson ◽  
Pattanawit Swanglap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Plasmon Resonances ◽  
Single Particle Spectroscopy

Single particle spectroscopy reveals how composition, chain length, and disorder affect the collective plasmon resonances in quasi one-dimensional assemblies of gold nanoparticles.

Effect of surface roughness on substrate-tuned gold nanoparticle gap plasmon resonances

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 4250-4255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatdanai Lumdee ◽  
Binfeng Yun ◽  
Pieter G. Kik
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Gold Films ◽  
Particle Scattering ◽  
Plasmon Resonances ◽  
Scattering Spectra ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The impact of nanoscale surface roughness on substrate-tuned gold nanoparticle plasmon resonances is demonstrated by comparing single-particle scattering spectra with simulated scattering spectra of gold nanoparticles on gold films with realistic roughness.

scholarly journals Wakefield and stopping power of a hydrogen ion beam pulse with low drift velocity in hydrogen plasmas

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Yu Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Ying Zhao ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Guo-Qing Xiao ◽  
Wen-Shan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drift Velocity ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Pic Simulation ◽  
Beam Density ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Plasmas ◽  
Pic Method ◽  
Low Drift

AbstractA two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation is carried out to study the wakefield and stopping power for a hydrogen ion beam pulse with low drift velocity propagation in hydrogen plasmas. The plasma is assumed to be collisionless, uniform, non-magnetized, and in a steady state. Both the pulse ions and plasma particles are treated by the PIC method. The effects of the beam density on the wakefield and stopping power are then obtained and discussed. It is found that as the beam densities increase, the oscillation wakefield induced by the beam become stronger. Besides, the first oscillation wakefield behind the bunch is particularly stronger than others. Moreover, it is found that the stationary stopping power increases linearly with the increase of the beam density in the linear/semilinear region.

Single Particle Spectroscopy Study of Metal-Film-Induced Tuning of Silver Nanoparticle Plasmon Resonances

2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (16) ◽  
pp. 7509-7514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hu ◽  
Amitabh Ghoshal ◽  
Manuel Marquez ◽  
Pieter G. Kik
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Metal Film ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Plasmon Resonances ◽  
Single Particle Spectroscopy
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