Relationship between leucocyte sodium content and high blood pressure during development and resolution of pre-eclampsia

1989 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Seon ◽  
T. Forrester
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. One hundred and five primigravidae were followed sequentially at 4-weekly intervals starting at gestational week 31. They were seen again at 6 weeks post partum. 2. At each visit measurements were made of blood pressure as well as of leucocyte and erythrocyte sodium and potassium content. 3. Eighty-five subjects completed the study. Seven developed pre-eclampsia. 4. In both controls and patients who developed preeclampsia, leucocyte and erythrocyte sodium content increased with gestational age and fell post partum. These changes were of greater magnitude in the patients with pre-eclampsia. Cell potassium fell in both groups, but to a greater extent in patients with pre-eclampsia. 5. These changes in cell sodium paralleled those in blood pressure in both groups. 6. These data suggest that the excessive blood pressure changes in pre-eclampsia might be related to similar changes in cell sodium content.

Erythrocyte Sodium and Potassium in Patients with Hypokalaemia

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cumberbatch ◽  
D. B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium ◽  
Curvilinear Relation ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The erythrocyte content of sodium and of potassium were measured in 231 unselected patients with hypokalaemia, and together with net ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux in patients with severe hypokalaemia, before (20 patients) and during potassium repletion (14 patients). 2. The erythrocytes of the patients with hypokalaemia compared with control subjects had on average an increase in sodium content, a decrease in potassium content and a reduction in the rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux. All three changes had a similar curvilinear relation to the concentration of potassium in plasma with relatively little change in the measured variable unless the plasma potassium was very low. 3. There was a similar curvilinear relation between the final sodium and potassium content of normal erythrocytes and the potassium concentration of the medium in which they were incubated for 48 h in vitro. 4. These results suggest that the changes in the sodium and potassium content of erythrocytes in hypokalaemia are due to a direct inhibiting effect of the hypokalaemia on the activity of the sodium pump. 5. In many patients with hypokalaemia of moderate degree the increase in erythrocyte sodium content was less than expected from the effect in vitro of a low extracellular potassium concentration. This finding suggests that a compensatory change, presumably an increase in the number of sodium pumps, is a common event even in moderate hypokalaemia.

Myocardial sodium and potassium content in relation to blood pressure

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Charles Freed ◽  
S. St. George
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Potassium Deprivation

In rats made hypotensive through potassium deprivation, there is a slight loss in myocardial potassium but a significant increase in sodium content. Restoration of blood pressure following cortisone or prednisone administration is associated with removal of the excess myocardial sodium. 9α-Fluorohydrocortisone partially reduces the sodium but further decreases the potassium of the heart, resulting in an unchanged high Na/K ratio. No elevation of blood pressure follows its administration. DCA causes a further lowering of blood pressure associated with an even higher Na/K ratio of the myocardium through a decrease in potassium and an increase in sodium contents.

Blood Pressure and Intra-Erythrocyte Sodium during Normal and High Salt Intake in Middle-Aged Men: Relationship to Family History of Hypertension, and Neurogenic and Hormonal Variables

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Gudmundsson ◽  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Thomas Hedner ◽  
Ove Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. During 4 weeks 37 normotensive 50-year-old men identified by screening in a random population sample were given 12 g of NaCl daily, in addition to their usual dietary sodium intake. Blood pressure, heart rate, weight, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and catecholamines, plasma aldosterone and noradrenaline and intra-erythrocyte sodium content were determined on normal and increased salt intake. The subjects were divided into those with a positive family history of hypertension (n = 11) and those without such a history (n = 26). 2. Systolic blood pressure and weight increased significantly irrespective of a positive family history of hypertension. 3. On normal salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content was significantly higher in those with a positive family history of hypertension. During high salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content decreased significantly in that group and the difference between the hereditary subgroups was no longer significant. 4. In the whole group urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine increased whereas plasma aldosterone decreased during the increased salt intake. 5. Thus, in contrast to some earlier studies performed in young subjects, our results indicate that moderately increased sodium intake acts as a pressor agent in normotensive middle-aged men whether there was a positive family history of hypertension or not. We confirm that men with positive family history of hypertension have an increased intra-erythrocyte sodium content, and that an increase in salt intake seems to increase overall sympathetic activity.

scholarly journals Impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA Guideline for High Blood Pressure on Evaluating Gestational Hypertension–Associated Risks for Newborns and Mothers

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Hu ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Tongzhang Zheng ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
The Impact

Rationale: In 2017, the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) released a new hypertension guideline for nonpregnant adults, using lower blood pressure values to identify hypertension. However, the impact of this new guideline on the diagnosis of gestational hypertension and the associated maternal and neonatal risks are unknown. Objective: To estimate the impact of adopting the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline on detecting gestational blood pressure elevations and the relationship with maternal and neonatal risk in the perinatal period using a retrospective cohort design. Methods and Results: This study included 16 345 women from China. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures of each woman were measured at up to 22 prenatal care visits across different stages of pregnancy. Logistic and linear regressions were used to estimate associations of blood pressure categories with the risk of preterm delivery, early-term delivery, and small for gestational age, and indicators of maternal liver, renal, and coagulation functions during pregnancy. We identified 4100 (25.1%) women with gestational hypertension using the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline, compared with 4.2% using the former definition. Gestational hypertension, but not elevated blood pressure (subclinical blood pressure elevation), was significantly associated with altered indicators of liver, renal, and coagulation functions during pregnancy for mothers and increased risk of adverse birth outcomes for newborns; adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for gestational hypertension stage 2 were 2.23 (1.18–4.24) for preterm delivery, 2.05 (1.67–2.53) for early-term delivery, and 1.43 (1.13–1.81) for small for gestational age. Conclusions: Adopting the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline would result in a substantial increase in the prevalence of gestational hypertension; subclinical blood pressure elevations during late pregnancy were not associated with increased maternal and neonatal risk in this cohort. Therefore, the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline may improve the detection of high blood pressure during pregnancy and the efforts to reduce maternal and neonatal risk. Replications in other populations are required.

Effect of Hypertension on Arterial Wall Electrolytes During Desoxycorticosterone Administration

1957 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Tobian ◽  
Paul D. Redleaf
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Administration of desoxycorticosterone and NaCl resulted in an increased sodium and potassium content of the aorta in rats becoming severely hypertensive. Equivocally hypertensive animals on this regimen showed smaller increases in sodium and a decrease in potassium. Sodium restriction prevented both hypertension and changes in arterial wall chemistry from occurring in rats receiving desoxycorticosterone. Hypertension per se may be fundamentally associated with an increased potassium and sodium content in artery, as experimental renal hypertension is characterized by a similar electrolyte alteration.

Skeletal muscle sodium and potassium changes after successful surgery in acromegaly: relation to body composition, blood glucose, plasma insulin and blood pressure

1993 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Landin ◽  
Björn Petruson ◽  
Karl-Erik Jakobsson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Total Body

The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal muscle sodium/potassium (Na/K) ratio in acromegaly before and 1 year after trans-sphenoidal removal of a growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma. Muscle biopsies were taken and skeletal muscle electrolytes, body composition, glucose, insulin and blood pressure were studied. Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, but not blood pressure, were higher in acromegalic patients (N = 9) than in controls (N = 6). The skeletal muscle potassium content was higher (p <0.01) but the sodium content and the Na/K ratio were lower (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) in untreated patients with acromegaly as compared to weight-matched healthy controls. Elevated GH, glucose and insulin levels normalized after surgery. Blood pressure remained unchanged. The total body potassium content, the lean body mass and the total body water content decreased and the body fat content increased while the body weight was unchanged. The skeletal muscle potassium content decreased from [median (range)] 9.8 (9.2–11.5) to 7.7 (5.7–9.5) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001). The skeletal muscle sodium content increased from 2.8 (2.5–3.9) to 5.1 (4.3–6.7) mmol/100 g wet wt (p<0.001) and the Na/K ratio increased from 0.28 (0.26–0.38) to 0.56 (0.51–1.18) (p< 0.001) after surgery, which is a higher level than the controls with a Na/K ratio of 0.47 (0.39–0.84) (p<0.01). These changes seem to be mediated by a decreased GH effect on the Na/K pump after successful trans-sphenoidal surgery in acromegaly.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ekstrak Ketumbar (Coriandum Sativum) terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah Tikus Pasca Melahirkan

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Vina Nurul Utami ◽  
Soeharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Maternal Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
One Way Anova

Hypertension is the most commont complication during pregnancy and delivery. It causes 5-10% maternal morbidity and mortality incorporate with bleeding and infection. The Maternal mortality rate caused by hypertension is about 23,95%. Coriander seeds contain flavonoid which work as antihipypertension and diuretic. This study was to examine coriander extract several dosage on decreasing systolic on post partum rats. An experimental study with randomized pre test and post test controlled group design obvserved 30 white rat Wistar Sp which divided into 5 groups randommly. Sphyngonanometer was applied to measure the blood pressure. Paired t-test, One Way ANOVA, and Repeated Measures ANOVA were administered for data analyses. Results showed that coriander extract on 10 mg/kg BB, 20 mg/kg weight and 30 mg/kgweights dosage affected to blood pressure changes on the rat (p 0.000 ), while 20 mg/kgweights and 30 mg/kgweight had no significant effects (p 0.900). It concluded that coriander estract on dosage 30 mg/kg weight and 20 mg/kg weight did not effect significantly to decreasing rat�s blood pressure. Measuring not only systole pressure was recommended for further studies.

scholarly journals Independent measurement of high blood pressure changes in cuff-less blood pressure monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. e10
Author(s):  
Ghalib Janjua ◽  
James McLaughlin ◽  
Dewar D. Finlay ◽  
Daniel Guldenring
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Independent Measurement ◽  
Pressure Changes

Hemorheological changes and their clinical relevance in preeclampsia

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fodor ◽  
András Győrffy ◽  
László Orosz ◽  
Tamás Major
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Local Lesion ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Vegetative System

This review summarizes the hemorheological changes during gestation and their clinical relevance in preeclampsia. The gestational disease named preeclampsia, characterized by proteinuria (more than 0.3 g/day) and hypertension (blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg), exists from the 20th gestational week until the sixth post partum week. Its etiology is complex; the pathomechanism mainly involves disturbances in cross talks among the vegetative system, the placenta and the circulatory system. Soluble factors of placenta mediate circulatory changes, which result in adaptive responses in both vegetative and circulatory systems. Derailment of this adaption, however, leads to increased turbulence and local damages in cellular elements of the circulatory system. The initial local lesion progresses to a generalized form. Later, these events will continue to strengthen their own cycle. As a result, an unstable circulatory state will be established, which causes organ damages. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 205–211.

The Response of the Human Leucocyte to Alterations in Extracellular Osmolality

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrick ◽  
P. J. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

1. The effect of variations in extracellular osmolality from 249 to 345 mosmol/kg upon the sodium, potassium and water content of human leucocytes has been studied. 2. Similar studies were performed using human erythrocytes. 3. Changes in the leucocyte water content were not explicable in terms of passive movement of water across an ‘ideal’ semi-permeable membrane. 4. Hypo-osmolal swelling was associated with a rise in intracellular sodium content and hyperosmolal shrinkage was associated with a fall in intracellular sodium content. 5. There were no significant changes in sodium and potassium content of the erythrocyte with altered external osmolality.

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