Peculiarities of functional-vegetative homeostasis of preschool-age females (first childhood)

In the process of ontogenesis, individual organs and systems mature gradually completing their development in different periods of life. This heterochrony of maturation determines the features of organism-functioning in children of different ages. However, the data in scientific literature do not reveal the features of the vegetative status of preschool children. Therefore, the goal of our work was to determine the level of vegetative homeostasis, which indicates the ratio of sympathetic (YANG) and parasympathetic (YIN) functional activity of the autonomic nervous system in preschool children. The methodology of functional-vegetative diagnostics (FVD) elaborated by Professor V. G. Makats (2016) allowed identifying acupunctural channels and discovered a previously unknown human functional-vegetative system. The diagnostic complex “BIOTEST-12M” (Diagnostic complexes VITA-01-M and computerized system VITA-01-Biotest) serves as the technical tool of the FVD. The specific dynamics of increasing systemic-functional stabilization indicates the formation of age-related mechanisms of functional-vegetative homeostasis and the peculiarities of physiological development of preschool children. We found 28.5% of the surveyed preschool children in the zone of vegetative equilibrium, and 50% have parasympathicotonia. The sympathetic orientation of the levels of vegetative equilibrium by the years of life of preschool children in the female group (FG) is identical and indicates the multi-directional activity of individual systemic complexes.

EFFECT OF SOME PlANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON TOTAL ALKALOIDS PRODUCTION OF ASHWAGANDHA (Withania somnifera L.) In Vitro

An experiment was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory, College of Educated For Pure Science, Diyala Uinversity in 2014-2015,to investigate the influences of some plant growth regulators on total alkaloids production for ashwagandha plant )Withania somnifera L.) In Vitro .Four concentrations of Benzyl Adenine)BA (0.0, 1, 2 and 3 mg.l-1, which were represented with A0 ،A1 ، A2 and A3 respectively، and also four concentrations of Salicylic acid 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg.l-1 which were represented with B0, B1,B2 and B3 respectively, with the interaction among of Benzyl Adenine and Salicylic acid,these are concentrations added to growing media(MS) in multiplication stages. Seeds were soaked with gibberellic acid 500 mg.l-1 for 18 h at room temperature in the all treatments. Benzyl Adenine at 1 mg.l-1 significantly increased branches number 4.22 branch, and Chlrophyll content 34.07 (SPAD Unit),there is no significant differences at 2 mg.l- in leaves number12.05 ,11.32 leaf, fresh and dry matter of vegetative system 1.42, 1.40g, and 0.134, 0.128 g, also SA at 10 mg.l-1 led to increased in number of branches 3.45 branch, number of leaves 14.05 leaf, dry weight of vegetative system 0.140 g , fresh and dry weight of root system 0.76 ,0.06 g respectively, there is no significant differences at 20 mg.l- in Chlrophyll content 33.77, 35.47(SPAD Unit), fresh weight of vegetative system,1.47, 1.40g, number of roots 18.00,20.10, and percentage of rooting 7.89% ,8.51%. Interaction among of Benzyl Adenine and Salicylic acid (A1B1) shows a significant superiority in all studed vegetative characters, there is no significant differences with (A2B1) in leaves number15.30, 14.80 leaf, fresh weight of vegetative system1.61,1.59 g, dry weight of vegetative system 0.160 ,0.160 g, A0B1 treatment which rooted gave 0.105 mg.g-1 total alkaloids. Benzyl Adenine at 2 mg.l-1 increased total alkaloids 0.091 (mg.g-1), Salicylic acid at 10 (mg.l-1) increased total alkaloids0.091 (mg.g-1 ),also Interaction of treatments A2B1 and A1B1 show a significant superiority of total alkaloids 0.101, 0.100 (mg.g-1) as compared with A0B0 which gave lowest content 0.029 (mg.g-1).

The role of physiotherapy in the combined treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

The treatment of irritable bowel syndrome is currently regulated based on the clinical guidelines for the management of the patients presenting with gastroenterological pathologies. Generally speaking, the pharmacotherapy is aimed at the main clinical symptoms of this condition (in the first place, constipation and diarrhea). Also important is the development of the therapeutic modalities designed for the correction of vegetative dysfunctions developing in the association with long-staying psychoemotional tension. At present, there are several factors exerting the corrective action on the vegetative system including magnetic therapy, electrically-induced sleep, and EHF-therapy. The present review of the literature does not exhaust all possibilities for the correction of the functional disorders associated with irritable bowel syndrome but emphasizes the necessity of the further investigation of this problem and the search for the new approaches to its solution.

Greywater reuse through a bioretention system prototype in the arid region

The concept of a greywater-fed bioretention system in arid regions was investigated in this study. Bioretention systems are conventionally used as a source control mechanism for urban runoff. Nevertheless, in arid regions, where rain and urban runoff are not an abundant water resource, their application is limited. Greywater (residential wastewater without toilet and kitchen sources) is comparatively less polluted and has the potential for reuse in irrigation and non-potable water uses. However, selection of an appropriate treatment is a challenge. A prototype bioretention system was made and its ability to improve greywater quality was monitored for more than 10 consecutive days. A vegetative and non-vegetative system were monitored separately. After 24 hours of retention in both systems, greywater quality was improved significantly. Both systems performed almost equally well; however, the vegetative system (with canary reed grass, Phalaris arundinacea) was found to be more effective in reducing the sodium and chemical oxygen demand contents. The study revealed that the concept of the greywater-fed bioretention system has the potential to add multi-functional benefits (greywater treatment, water conservation, landscape aesthetic and biodiversity) to the arid regions’ urban environment.

Callose formation in injured cells of the vegetative and generative thallus of Chara vulgaris L. Absence of callose in the process of cytodifferentiation

In an alga <em>Chara vulgaris</em> L. the processes of differentiation of vegetative system cells of the thallus, and initiation and development of generative organs are not associated with callose formation. It was demonstrated that damage to any of the somatic cells and also generative and nongenerative cells of the antheridium and oogonium are capable of callose formation independently of their developmental stage. The localisation and thickness of these layers depend on the way the cells are injured and on their size. The protective role of callose in such cells may consist, beside strengthening the damaged walls, in protection of the symplast by formation of callose deposits on the walls with plasmodesmata; it may also consist in increasing the water potential of the cells. Experiments in which callose deposition was provoked by pressing of the cells or damage leading to a sudden increase of the water potential of the extracellular environment suggest that a sudden increase of tension in the cells may be a factor triggering the "callose effect".

A monographic account of Australian species of Amphiroa (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta)

The first Australia-wide monograph of Amphiroa (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) based on the morphological–anatomical species concept has confirmed the occurrence of nine species (A. anceps, A. beauvoisii, A. crassa, A. exilis, A. foliacea, A. fragilissima, A. gracilis, A. klochkovana, A. tribulus) and provides a basis for future molecular-systematics studies. A comparative analysis of 285 specimens from 121 localities, along with type material examinations, yielded clear evidence that nine characters associated with the vegetative system and tetrasporangial conceptacles were diagnostically significant at species level. Detailed accounts of each species are presented, along with an identification key, data on type specimens, species comparisons and biogeographic notes. A. foliacea is epitypified. Brief accounts of 34 additional taxa reported from Australia and at some stage ascribed to Amphiroa are included. Galaxaura versicolor and Amphiroa galaxauroides are heterotypic synonyms of A. anceps; recognition of A. anastomosans, A. ephedraea and A. nobilis as distinct species requires further evaluation; and A. dilatata and A. gaillonii are species of uncertain status. Amphiroa ephedraea is lectotypified. The remaining 27 names involve nomina nuda, illegitimate names, orthographic variants or taxa now excluded from Amphiroa.

Hemorheological changes and their clinical relevance in preeclampsia

This review summarizes the hemorheological changes during gestation and their clinical relevance in preeclampsia. The gestational disease named preeclampsia, characterized by proteinuria (more than 0.3 g/day) and hypertension (blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg), exists from the 20th gestational week until the sixth post partum week. Its etiology is complex; the pathomechanism mainly involves disturbances in cross talks among the vegetative system, the placenta and the circulatory system. Soluble factors of placenta mediate circulatory changes, which result in adaptive responses in both vegetative and circulatory systems. Derailment of this adaption, however, leads to increased turbulence and local damages in cellular elements of the circulatory system. The initial local lesion progresses to a generalized form. Later, these events will continue to strengthen their own cycle. As a result, an unstable circulatory state will be established, which causes organ damages. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 205–211.